Chitetezo ndi Kupulumutsa kwa Astronauts M'deralo: SAFER
A Joseph Kerwin ndi omwe kale anali a astronaut komanso adotolo ku US. Kerwin anali m'modzi mwa madokotala oyamba kutenga nawo mbali muutumiki wa NASA. Pa ntchito yake, anali dokotala wa American Navy, ndipo amadziwika ndi chida chachitetezo ndi kupulumutsa mumlengalenga: SAFER
Chitetezo cha asayansi ndi chofunikira: zinthu zochepa ndizovuta monga kupereka chithandizo ndikupereka chitetezo m'malo otetezeka. Ndipo palibe chowopseza komanso chowopsa kuposa malo, opitilira 408 kilomita pamwamba pa dziko lapansi.
A Joseph Kerwin ndi omwe kale anali a astronaut komanso adotolo ku US. Kerwin anali m'modzi mwa madokotala oyamba kutenga nawo mbali muutumiki wa NASA. Pa ntchito yake, anali dokotala wa American Navy, ndipo amadziwika ndi chida chachitetezo ndi kupulumutsa mumlengalenga: SAFER.
Ganizirani za amuna omwe akuyenera kugwira ntchito kunja kwa malo osungirako malo: kodi mumatsimikizira bwanji chitetezo pa opaleshoni? Kodi angagwire bwanji ntchito popanda kuika kasinthasintha kosalamulirika ndipo, kenako, pochoka pang'onopang'ono kupita kumtunda?
Munthu mmodzi yemwe wapanga kusiyana kwambiri mu gawo ili ndi Dr Joseph Kerwin. Anabadwa pa 19 February 1932 ku Oak Park, Illinois, Kerwin anakhala dokotala ku 1957 (pambuyo pa digiri yake mu filosofi ku 1953). Anakhala membala wa Air Force ndi chipatala cha mankhwala a American aircraft, adachita ntchito zambiri ndi udindo wa Captain ndipo adapezanso ziyeneretso zoyendetsa ndege ku 1962.
Koma kuyambira nthawi imeneyo moyo wake unasintha. Ndipotu Kerwin anasankhidwa kuti akhale gawo lachinayi NASA astronauts. Kerwin sanadziwe konse mbiri ya Buzz Aldrin kapena Neil Armstrong. Koma adali CapCom wa mission ya Apollo 13 ndipo adalowa ngati antchito mu mission ya Skylab2 monga wasayansi woyendetsa ndege.
Anathamanga pamodzi ndi Charles Conrad ndi woyendetsa ndege Paul Weitz. Ndi pamene adachoka ku Navy ndipo adachoka ku NASA, kuti Kerwin ikhale ndi mphamvu yaikulu pa malingaliro ake. Anakhala woyang'anira ntchito ndi mapulogalamu a Lockheed kuti atsimikizire kuti asayansi akhoza kuthawa kunja kwa Orbiting Space Station ndi Shuttle.
Kerwin anamvetsetsa ndi antchito ake kuti asayansiwa amafunikira zipangizo zowala ndi zodalirika kuti aziuluka ndi kugwiritsira ntchito pamtundu wa kunja ndege. Choncho SAFER (Chithandizo Chosavuta Chakupulumutsa EVA) Anapanga jetpack ndi mazulu a 32 omwe amatsitsa nayitrogeni pansi pa mavuto ndipo amachititsa kukhala osasunthika komanso angwiro mu malo opanda mphamvu kwa astronauts. Chida chake chayesedwa kawiri pazinthu zosiyana ndi ISS ndi akatswiri.
Pogwiritsa ntchitoyi, Kerwin adatsata galimoto ina, Assured Crew Return Vehicle. Pankhaniyi, ndi chipangizo chodzidzimutsa ndi chopulumutsa zomwe zimalola okhulupirira kuti abwerere padziko lapansi pangozi. Pazochitika zake (lero Kerwin ndi mtsogoleri wa Life Sciences Office ku Johnson Space Center ku Houston) Kerwin akuphunzira njira zatsopano zoyendera magalimoto kwa akatswiri azinthu zonse ku mapulaneti atsopano, kuchokera pansi pano kupita ku dziko lapansi.
