Kurwisa kwemagetsi muSiria kwave kutongerwa nehurumende dzinobva kumativi ose enyika, uye kune chikonzero chakasimba zvikuru: gesi dzenzara - kusanganisira Sarin imwe-zvombo zvinotyisa izvo zvinokonzera kushungurudza kunokonzerwa nemarwadzo kune avo vanorwara.

Siya kuongorora zvematongerwe enyika, kuongorora zvehondo kana kutonga. Kune zvimwe zvidzidzo zvinodzidzwa uye zvinonzwisiswa kuziva nzira yekugadzirisa nayo mamiriro ezvinhu ekukurumidzira umo muparadzi wemakemikari anoparadza akashandiswa.

Sezvenguva dzose, zvinofanirwa kurangarirwa kuti kana pane kurwiswa kwemakemikari, varapi vehutano vanofanirwa kutevedzera nemitemo huru yenzvimbo yakachengeteka uye vanofanira kuedza munzira dzose kuti vagare vakachengeteka ivo pachavo. Vanofanira kugara kure nenzvimbo dzine njodzi, kana vasina kushongedzwa nePPE yakakodzera. Kazhinji - sevanoshanda vanopindira zuva nezuva pachiitiko vanonyatsoziva - vekutanga vatendi kusvika panzvimbo yekukurumidzira vari ambulances, kwete Fire Brigade (ine mota dzinomhanya zvishoma uye inowanikwa kazhinji munzvimbo dziri kure).

Chii chekuita kana ine gasi?

Kurwiswa kwegesi chinhu chisiri chakajairika, zvisinei, yambiro yekutanga ndeiyi: usapinda munzvimbo yakarova pasina kudzivirirwa kwakakodzera. Mitsetse yemafuta inokanganisa mweya mutsinga, nekuti inhibititi acetylcholinesterase (AChE) uye inokanganisa kana kusvibisa mvura kana chikafu nekufema. Dzimwe mhando dzerudzi rwetsinga dzinogona zvakare kukanganisa ganda, uye kuburikidza neganda, kukonzera mhedzisiro dzakafanana asi nenzira yakajairika pamunhu.

Dambudziko rakanyanya nderekuti vese nerve vamiririri vane zvakanyanya kuenderera kwezvakatipoteredza: havapukunyuke uye haasimuke mumhepo, asi vanoshingirira munzvimbo iyo mavakaburitswa (nenzira yemabhomba, migodhi, kana kunyange nebulizer).

Kana zvakajeka kuti gasi rakapararira munzvimbo, uye dhipatimendi rekutanga reMoto Brigade rakatenderedza, iyo CBRNE madhipatimendi vanonzi. Iyi nyanzvi dzekudzima moto dzinopindira kana ikaitika kurwisa gasi uye dzinogona kusiyaniswa ne midziyo uye zvishandiso zvinoshanda: antigas masks, electrochemical sensors, zvine ngozi zvinhu vanoongorora ndizvo zvimwe zvezviridzwa zvevanoshanda neCBRNE.

Aya mapoka - Masangano e22 anoshingaira muItaly - ane ruzivo rwezvekodzero uye ruzivo rwokutarisana nemamiriro acho ezvinhu pasina kusvibiswa. Mumamiriro ekukurumidzira, kunyange mapato chaiwo e Mauto Akarwiwa aigona kudaidzwa kuti apindire.

Panguva ino, zvisinei, kune epamutemo hutano zvikamu zvine zvishandiso zvakagadzirirwa kupindira muchiitiko che CBRNE chiitiko. Nekudaro, mushandi wehutano anofanirwa kumirira kusvika iyo nzvimbo yacho yakagadziriswa ne Moto Brigade, asati apindira. Nokuti kune nzvimbo apo kusvikirwa kune vashandi vehutano kunogona kudziviswa. Mumamiriro ezvinhu e CBRNE chiitiko, chaizvoizvo, Moto Brigade, mukubatana pamwe chete nemamwe masimba ekupindira, inoparadzanisa nzvimbo munzvimbo dzemuzvikamu.

Mu nzvimbo dzinoshanda, vanhu chete vanonyanya kukosha kuponesa mabasa vanogona kupinda, kana vakagadzirirwa zvakananga PPE. MuRed Zone inogona zvakare kutsanangurwa senzvimbo inodzivirirwa kubva kune chero munhu kuwana. Munzvimbo yeorenji - inonzi decontamination - vanongopinda chete vakagwinya vakakwanira.

Pakupedzisira, yero nzvimbo, ndiyo inonyanya kushanda nzvimbo yekushanda, inoitika panguva yekupfeka kwevanoshanda vanofanirwa kupinda munzvimbo dzvuku, uye yepakutanga PMA inomiswa. Kunze kwenzvimbo yero, imwe chimbichimbi nzvimbo yekutarisirwa kwemidziyo inogona kuiswa.

MuItari mune nucleus yekupindira kwakakosha kwehutano, iyo NISS yakavakirwa muVicenza: aya ndiwo vanachiremba, vanachiremba uye SUEM118 vashandi vakagadzirira kutarisana nechiitiko chegandanga uye kurapa zviitiko zvekuputika or vakakuvadzwa nepfuti. Vanachiremba, vanamukoti, vatyairi uye nyanzvi dzeSuem Operations Center vakadzidziswa uye vakagadzirira kubata njodzi yehugandanga inosanganisira kuputika uye kukuvadzwa nemabhuru. Iyo purojekiti, iyo isina kuenzana muItari, yakazvarwa kubva kuda kwemuridzi wepuraimari, Dr. Federico Politi, uyo akatevera kosi dze emergency muIsrael neUnited States.

Uye zvazviri, paSuem yeVicenza, mauto ekugadzira mauto asvika anobvumira mapindiro ekudzivirira kubuda ropa uye kubaya maronda mumasekondi mashoma. Zvinosuruvarisa kuti hapana timu chaiyo yakafanana neiyo yakagadzirwa neChirungu NHS, timu yeHART, uko ivo paramedics vakagadzirirwa uye vakadzidziswa sekunge firefighters, uye saka vanogona kuwana nzvimbo dzinodziya nekuunza kwavo sainzi hunyanzvi.

Kurwiswa kwegesi: maitiro ekurapa nerve gesi kudhakwa?

Mukuwedzera kune kuuraya, zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona hwemhepo zvinonyanya kurwadza uye zvinoratidzika. Kuti unzwisise kana munhu aine ruzivo rwemagetsi, unofanira kucherechedza mumurwere musimboti miosis, kupesana kwakasimba mukuwana nzvimbo yakagadzikana (hogara), kuramba uchikanganiswa uye bronchoconstriction, bradycardia, nausea, sialorrhea, kusavhiringidza kunyorera uye defecation, asthenia , fasciculations muscular uye-apo mamiriro acho akaoma - kuora mwoyo. Pakupedzisira kushungurudzika, kufara uye kufa kunopindira.

Muzviitiko izvi mununuri anofanirwa kutanga kugeza nemvura yakawanda yemuviri wewakabatwa, pazvinogoneka nekubvisa zvipfeko nekuti nerve gasi, rakapinda mukati mezviputi, rinoda kuramba riripo. Iyo yekurapa uye yekuyamwisa mupiro wakakosha kune hutongi mune maviri madosi e atropine.

SIMG (Italian Society of General Medicine) inotaura kuti - kubva pazvibvumirano nezviitiko - doses of atropine inofanirwa kupihwa kune varwere vanenge vaoneswa gasi kurwisa vanofanirwa kunge vari "gamba" kana rakanyanya kukwirisa kupfuura rekare tsika ye2mg yakakurudzirwa zvakajairika kushandiswa kiriniki. Naizvozvo zvakakosha kuti mishonga yemishonga yezvipatara zvemuno igadziriswe zvakakwana.

Kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika (Israel neIraq) umo girasi yemagetsi yakashandiswa uye kuvharwa kwehuputi yakarapwa ne pridostgmine. Kubudirira kwekudzivirira nechirwere ichi kunozivikanwa mhuka asi kwete muhuwandu hwevanhu. Disi inogona kuvharwa kakawanda, mushure mokunge 5-10 maminitsi, kusvika pakuzara kweaodropia (kuonekwa kwemydriasis), kusvika pamwero mukuru we 100mg mukati maawa 24.

Nokudaro, kudzivirirwa kwemishonga yepamusoro haisi kutendeseka nokuti zvinokonzerwa nehupfuo zviri pangozi. Aya mazano ari mubvunzo anouya kubva kuongororo yakagadzirwa muIsrael mumakumi masere nemakore makumi mapfumbamwe. Zvisinei, paisazove nemigodhi yakakwana yeItaly kuzobata vanhu vasiri vanhu, sezvo kurapwa kwemajeri hakubatsiri uye sezvo ichiri mhepo inotyisa. Nokudaro, chirwere chinokurumidzira neatropine chinokurudzirwa, icho chinovhara mhirizhonga uye zviito zvekudzivirira kweAAChE.

Anti-gas KIT: hondo inorongwa sei?

Sezvo chirwere chemhepo chinokonzerwa nehutachiona hwemagetsi chinowanzoshandiswa munzvimbo dzehondo, uye inogona kushandiswa kurwisana nechinangwa chehondo (kushandisa girazi gas inorambidzwa nemagungano evanhu pasi rose) muEurope mauto kune makemikisi akanangana neatropine 2mg uye mishonga inogadziriswa yeAAChE (kufanana the pralidoxima). Nenzira yakanaka, kudzivirira neatropine kwakaratidza kuderera kwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwevanhu pamwe chete uyewo nevana muIsrael munguva yeGulf War.

Zvipatara zvakagadzirirwa here chiitiko chakaita sekudzvanyirira gasi?

Asi kana mauto angave akagadzirira kutarisana nekutyisidzira kwakadaro, zvipatara zvakarongwa sei? Mune zvipatara zvose zveItaly, zvikwata zvakawanda zveatropine zviripo mune zvinogadziriswa. Izvo zvinopisa zvinotyisa zvinopararira munyika yose zvakare dzine unyanzvi hwakakodzera nemishonga yekurapa chero rudzi rupi rwekudhakwa. Inonyatsozivikanwa - kusvika kune imwe chete - muFrance chete kuparadzirwa kwe 40mg / 20ml injectable atropine sulphate solutions yakaitika mushure mokurwisa kukuru kweNovember 2015. MuItaly, zvisinei, zvinokurudzirwa, kana zvikasakwanisika kuita zvishoma nezvishoma kutangwa kweatropine zvakakwana, uyewo kushandiswa kwemukati-osseous infusion yechirwere ichi.