I-ABC kwi-Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Basic Life Support iqinisekisa ukuba ixhoba lifumana i-CPR ephezulu ngexesha elifutshane

Yintoni i-ABC kwi-CPR: I-ABC zizishunqulelo ze-Airway, Ukuphefumla, kunye noCwangciso

Ibhekisa kulandelelwano lweziganeko kwi Inkxaso yoBomi yoBomi.

• I-Airway: Vula indlela yomoya yexhoba usebenzisa i-head-tilt-chin-lift okanye i-jaw thrust maneuver.
• Ukuphefumla: Nika uhlangulo lokuphefumla
• Ukujikeleza: Yenza ukunyanzeliswa kwesifuba ukubuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi

I-Airway kunye ne-Breathing iya kunika uvavanyo lokuqala lokuba ixhoba liya kufuna i-CPR okanye cha.

Inkxaso esisiseko yobomi ibhekisa kuncedo lweengcali zokuqala eziphendulayo zinika amaxhoba anomoya ovalekileyo, uxinzelelo lokuphefumla, ukubanjwa kwentliziyo, kunye nezinye iimeko ezingxamisekileyo zonyango.

Ezi zakhono zifuna ulwazi lweCPR (i-cardiopulmonary resuscitation), i-AED (i-automated defibrillator) izakhono, kunye nolwazi lokuphelisa ukuvaleka kwendlela yomoya.

Sihlala sisiva ngezi zishunqulelo zonyango.

Kodwa kuthekani nge-ABC (I-Airway Breathing Circulation)? Ithetha ukuthini, kwaye inxulumene njani ne-CPR kunye nentsingiselo yesatifikethi se-BLS?

IItrakthi ezibalulekileyo

• Iimpawu zokubanjwa kwentliziyo ziquka ukukhanya-intloko, intlungu yesifuba okanye ukungakhululeki, ukuphefumula okufutshane, kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla.
• Abahlanguli kufuneka basebenzise umoya ophuma emlonyeni ukuya emlonyeni, ingxowa-moya ye-mask, okanye umlomo ukuya kumaski wokuphefumla de kubekho indlela ephambili yomoya.
• Izinga lokuphefumula eliqhelekileyo kubantu abadala abanempilo kunye nepateni eqhelekileyo kunye nobunzulu buphakathi kwe-12 ukuya kwi-20 yokuphefumula ngomzuzu.
• Izinga loxinzelelo lwesifuba oluchanekileyo kubantu abadala li-100 ukuya kwi-120 yoxinzelelo ngomzuzu.
• Qinisekisa ukuba isifuba siyaphakama kwaye siwe ngomphefumlo ngamnye.
• The Uncedo yokuqala kuba isithintelo siyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lothintelo.
• Xa uthintelwa kakhulu, sebenzisa izibilini zesisu, ngenye indlela eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Heimlich maneuver.

ABC, Yintoni Airway Breathing Circulation?

The ABC zizishunqulelo zeNdlela yoMoya, Ukuphefumla, kunye neziCwangciso.

Ibhekisa kumanyathelo eCPR ngokulandelelana.

Inkqubo ye-ABC iqinisekisa ukuba ixhoba lifumana i-CPR efanelekileyo ngexeshana elifutshane.

I-Airway kunye ne-Breathing iya kubonelela ngovavanyo lokuqala lokuba ixhoba liya kufuna i-CPR okanye cha.

Iziphumo zophando yiAmerican Heart Association zibonisa ukuba ukuqala ukunyanzeliswa kwesifuba ngaphambili kuphucula amathuba exhoba okusinda. Abaphenduli akufuneki bathathe ngaphezulu kwemizuzwana ye-10 ukujonga ukubetha kwentliziyo.

Naphi na apho uthandabuzayo, ababukeleyo kufuneka baqalise i-CPR.

Ubungozi obuncinci bunokwenzeka ukuba ixhoba aliyifuni i-CPR.

Iinkqubo ze-CPR zangaphambili ezicetyisiweyo zokumamela kunye nemvakalelo yokuphefumla, enokuthi ithathe ixesha elingakumbi kwiingcali ezingezizo ezonyango.

Ukuba ixhoba aliphenduli, likhefuzela umoya, okanye lingenalo ukubetha kwentliziyo, kuhle ukuba uqalise iCPR ngelona xesha lifutshane kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

I-Airway

A yeyoLawulo lwendlela yomoya.

Abahlanguli kufuneka basebenzise umoya ophuma emlonyeni ukuya emlonyeni, ingxowa-moya ye-mask, okanye umlomo ukuya kumaski wokuphefumla de kubekho indlela ephambili yomoya.

Kubantu abadala, ukunyanzeliswa kwesifuba ngasinye se-30 kufuneka kulandelwe ukuphefumla ezimbini zokuhlangula (30: 2), ngelixa iintsana, ukunyanzeliswa kwesifuba se-15 kutshintshana kunye nokuphefumula okubili kokuhlangula (15: 2).

Ukuphefumla komlomo ukuya emlonyeni

Ipokotho okanye ingxowa imaski kufuneka isoloko inikwa ingqwalaselo ephambili xa kufakwa umoya ngomlomo ukuya emlonyeni njengoko ithoba imingcipheko yosulelo.

Ukuphuma komoya emlonyeni kunika i-17% ioksijini edla ngokukhutshwa ngexesha lokuphefumla okuqhelekileyo.

Eli nqanaba le-oksijini lanele ukugcina ixhoba liphila kwaye ligcine imisebenzi eqhelekileyo yomzimba.

Xa ukhupha umoya, kuphephe ukuyenza ngokukhawuleza kakhulu okanye ukunyanzelisa umoya kakhulu kwindlela yomoya njengoko kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezingakumbi ukuba umoya uye esiswini sexhoba.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukubanjwa kokuphefumula kukhokelela ekubanjweni kwentliziyo.

Ngoko ke, ukuba unokwazi ukuchonga iimpawu zokubanjwa kokuphefumula, kunokwenzeka ukuba uthintele ukwenzeka kokubanjwa kwentliziyo.

Naphi na apho ixhoba linokubetha kwentliziyo kodwa akukho zimpawu zokuphefumla, qalisa ukuhlangula ukuphefumla kwangoko.

Ukuphefumula

I-B kwi-ABC yeyokuhlola ukuphefumla.

Ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lesakhono somhlanguli, oku kunokubandakanya amanyathelo afana nokujonga izinga lokuphefumla ngokubanzi ngokusebenzisa izihlunu ezincedisayo ukuphefumla, ukuphefumla kwesisu, indawo yesigulana, ukubila, okanye i-cyanosis.

Izinga lokuphefumula eliqhelekileyo kubantu abadala abanempilo kunye nepateni eqhelekileyo kunye nobunzulu buphakathi kwe-12 ukuya kwi-20 yokuphefumula ngomzuzu.

ABC, Ukwenziwa Njani Ukuhlangula Ukuphefumla?

Ngokwe American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care, itjethise intloko yexhoba ngasemva kancinane kwaye uvule indlela yomoya.

Kubantu abadala, cinezela impumlo kunye nokuphefumula emlonyeni kwi-10 ukuya kwi-12 yokuphefumla ngomzuzu.

Kwiintsana kunye nabantwana abancinci, vala umlomo kunye neempumlo ngomlomo wakho kwaye uphefumle ngokuphefumula kwe-12 ukuya ku-20 ngomzuzu.

Umoya ngamnye kufuneka uhlale isekhondi enye, kwaye uqinisekise ukuba isifuba siyanyuka kwaye siwe ngomphefumlo ngamnye.

Ukuba ixhoba alibuyeli zingqondweni, qalisa iCPR ngoko nangoko.

Ukujikeleza okanye uKunyanzeliswa

C yeyokuCicrulation/Compression.

Xa ixhoba lingenangqondo kwaye lingaphefumli ngokuqhelekileyo kwimizuzwana ye-10, kufuneka wenze i-Chest compressions okanye i-CPR ngokukhawuleza ukuze usindise ubomi kuyo nayiphi na imeko engxamisekileyo.

Ngokutsho kwe-American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care, izinga lokunyanzeliswa elichanekileyo liyi-100 kwi-120 yoxinzelelo ngomzuzu.

Ithuba Lokusinda

Ukuqaliswa kwangethuba lokuxhasa ubomi obusisiseko kuphucula amathuba okusinda kwamaxhoba okubanjwa kwentliziyo.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela iimpawu zokubanjwa kwentliziyo.

Ixhoba lisenokuwa lize liwe lingekho zingqondweni.

Nangona kunjalo, ngaphambi koku, banokufumana iintloko ezikhanyayo, iintlungu zesifuba okanye ukungakhululeki, ukuphefumula okufutshane, kunye nokuphefumla nzima.

Ulawulo olukhawulezayo lweCPR lubonelela ngamathuba angcono okuphila.

Inkqubo ye-CPR iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yobudala.

Ubunzulu boxinzelelo lwesifuba kwiintsana, abantwana, kunye nabantu abadala buyahluka.

Umgangatho ophezulu we-CPR ubalulekile ekusindeni kwexhoba.

I-Automated Defibrillator (AED)

I-automated defibrillator (AED) kubaluleke kakhulu ekuvuseleleni intliziyo kumaxhoba abanjwe yintliziyo.

Kulula ukuyisebenzisa kwaye ifikeleleke kwiindawo ezininzi zikawonke-wonke.

I-AED kufuneka isetyenziswe ngokukhawuleza xa ifumaneka.

Ukusetyenziswa kwangoko kwe-AED kuphucula umphumo.

Umatshini ufumanisa kwaye ucebise ukuba ukothuka kuyafuneka na kuloo meko.

Isizathu esiqhelekileyo sokubanjwa kwentliziyo yi-ventricular defibrillation.

Le meko ibuyiselwa umva ngokuzisa umothuko wombane entliziyweni yexhoba ngodonga lwesifuba.

Ngeqela labahlanguli, njengoko umntu omnye esenza ukunyanzeliswa kwesifuba, omnye kufuneka alungiselele i-defibrillator.

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-AED kufuna uqeqesho.

Yintoni eyenza isixhobo sibe lula ngakumbi ukusisebenzisa kukuba siyazenzekela.

Izilumkiso xa usebenzisa i-AED:

• Iipads akufuneki zibambe okanye zidibane.
• I-AED akufuneki isetyenziswe ngasemanzini.
• Zisa ixhoba kwindawo eyomileyo kwaye uqinisekise ukuba isifuba somile.
• Musa ukusebenzisa utywala ukosula ixhoba njengoko buyatsha.
• Gwema ukuchukumisa ixhoba ngelixa i-AED iqhotyoshelweyo.
• Intshukumo ichaphazela uhlalutyo lwe-AED. Ngoko ke, akufuneki ukuba isetyenziswe kwizithuthi ezihambayo.
• Musa ukusebenzisa i-AED ngelixa ixhoba lilele kwi-conductor efana nentsimbi.
• Gwema ukusebenzisa i-AED kwixhoba eline-nitroglycerine patch.
• Ngelixa usebenzisa i-AED, kuphephe ukusebenzisa iselfowuni kumgama weenyawo ezi-6 njengoko inokuchaphazela ukuchaneka kohlalutyo.

Ukukhethwa

Ukukrwitshwa kuphuma kwindlela yomoya evalekileyo kwaye kunokukhokelela ekubanjweni kwentliziyo.

Unyango lokuthintela luyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lokuthintela.

Isenokuba ngumqobo ongqongqo okanye ongephi.

Uncedo lokuqala lokuthintela luyafana kubantwana abadala kunonyaka kunye nabantu abadala.

Ukuthintela okungephi, ixhoba lisenokuba neempawu zokukhohlela, ukungaphefumli, okanye ukuphefumla.

Kule meko, umhlanguli kufuneka akhuthaze ixhoba ukuba likhohlele kwaye lizolise.

Ukuba umqobo uyaqhubeka, fowunela iinkonzo zonyango olungxamisekileyo.

Ukuthintela kakhulu, ixhoba linezi mpawu zilandelayo: ukubamba i entanyeni, ukuphefumla kancinane okanye ukungaphefumli, ukukhohlela kancinane okanye akukho kwaphela, yaye awukwazi ukuthetha okanye ukwenza isandi.

Kwezinye iimeko, ixhoba linokwenza isandi esiphakamileyo.

Ezinye iimpawu ziquka umbala oluhlaza emilebeni nakwiincapha zeminwe (cyanotic).

Kwiimeko zothintelo olumandla, sebenzisa ukutyhala kwesisu, ngenye indlela eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Heimlich maneuver (kubantwana bobabini abanonyaka nabadala kunye nabantu abadala).

Uyenza njani iHeimlich Maneuver?

1. Yima emva kwexhoba, kwaye uzisongele iingalo ngaphantsi nje kweembambo zabo.
2. Ngaphandle kokucinezela i-sternum engezantsi, beka icala lenqindi lakho kumbindi wesisu sexhoba kanye ngentla kwenkaba.
3. Bamba inqindi ngesinye isandla ulityhale esiswini unyuse uye esifubeni.
4. Qhubeka usenza imitshotsho de ixhoba likhululeke okanye libuyele ezingqondweni. Ukuba unokubona into ebangela isithintelo, sebenzisa iminwe yakho ukuyisusa.
5. Ukuba awukwazi ukususa into okanye ixhoba lingaphenduli, qalisa i-CPR kwaye uqhubeke de kufike uncedo olukhethekileyo.
6. Iintsana ezingaphantsi konyaka ubudala azizami ukwenza i-blind finger swift.
7. Biza uncedo olukhethekileyo (Inombolo yoNgxamiseko).
8. Sebenzisa izibetho ngasemva okanye ukutyhala ngesifuba ukususa umqobo.
9. Ukuba usana luwa lungekho zingqondweni, qalisa inkqubo yokuxhasa ubomi obusisiseko.

Funda kwakhona

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Indlela yokuqhuba uPhando oluPhambili usebenzisa i-DRABC kuNcedo lokuQala

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Ngaba iSikhundla sokuBuyisa kuNcedo lokuQala siyasebenza ngokwenene?

Ukubanjwa kwe-Cardiac: Kutheni i-Airway Management ibalulekile ngexesha le-CPR?

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Konke okufuneka ukwazi malunga noMatshini weCPR ozenzekelayo: iCardiopulmonary Resuscitator / Chest Compressor

I-European Resuscitation Council (ERC), Izikhokelo ze-2021: BLS-Inkxaso yoBomi esisiseko

I-Peediatric Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD): Yeyiphi iMahluko kunye nezinto eziKhethekileyo?

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ULondolozo lwe-Defibrillator: Yintoni omawuyenze ukuthobela

I-Defibrillators: Yeyiphi indawo eLungileyo yeePads ze-AED?

Uyisebenzisa nini iDefibrillator? Makhe sifumanise izingqisho ezothusayo

Ngubani onokusebenzisa iDefibrillator? Olunye Ulwazi Kubemi

Ukugcinwa kwe-Defibrillator: I-AED kunye noQinisekiso oluSebenzayo

Iimpawu ze-Myocardial Infarction: Iimpawu zokuqaphela ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo

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imvelaphi

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