Ukuphazamiseka kwezobuchwepheshe kushintsha zonke izici zekusasa lezokunakekelwa kwempilo: kusuka ekutheni iziguli zitholakala kanjani ukuthi ziphathwa kanjani. Ubuchwepheshe bokusika onqenqemeni njenge-Artificial Intelligence, i-Intanethi Yezinto noma ukuphrinta kwe-3D akusaseyona inganekwane ye-sci-fi. Bazongena emakethe yezokunakekelwa kwezempilo kungekudala kunokuba sicabanga.

E-2016, imakethe yezempilo yedijithali yomhlaba wonke yayi inani lentengo e-US $ 179.6 billion. Ngo-2025, kubikezelwe ukudubula kuze kufinyelele ezigidini ezingama-US $ 536.6. Ukukhula ngokushesha eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo kuzoletha ushintsho olungasindisa izimpilo eziningi. Kepha ngentuthuko entsha ekusaseni lezempilo nayo iza nezinselelo ezintsha futhi abacwaningi bazodinga ukubhekana nazo maduze.

Ikusasa Lezempilo: Ukuxilongwa okungcono nge-AI

I-Artificial Intelligence (AI) ingaxazulula inkinga yokungaziphathi kahle kanye nokwenza ukuhamba kwezibhedlela kusebenza kahle. Isibonelo, abacwaningi muva nje basungule uhlelo lwe-AI oluhumusha ngokuthembekile ama-mammogram. Ingakwazi ukubona isiguli izikhathi ze-30 ngokushesha kunodokotela ongumuntu, ngokunemba kwe-99%. Ukuze uqhathanise, njengamanje uhhafu wama-mammel akhiqiza imiphumela engamanga. I-AI ingakhuphula ukunemba kusuka ku-50 isondele kumaphesenti we-100 futhi ikwenze ngokushesha ukwedlula komuntu.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-AI ingasiza odokotela ekufinyeleleni kulwazi lwezokwelapha. I-algorithm ingakwazi ngekhanda lonke ulwazi olukhona lwezokwelapha futhi inikeze odokotela imininingwane efanelekayo ecaleni labo ngokuqhathanisa imininingwane namarekhodi ezempilo eziguli.

Ukuqasha i-AI kwezokwelapha kuzogcina nje kungasheshisi izinqubo kepha kuzonciphisa izindleko futhi kuthwale umthwalo ezindaweni zezempilo ezingasebenzi kakhulu.

Izaziso zesikhathi sangempela sibonga i-IoT

I-Intanethi yezinto (IoT) ibisemakhaya ethu, emaphaketheni nasezimotweni isikhashana manje. Kepha ngobuchwepheshe obuthuthukile bezokwelapha, manje sebethulwa ngomqondo omusha - i-Intanethi Yezinto Zokwelapha.

Iyini ngempela i-Intanethi Yezinto Zokwelapha esetshenziselwa zona? Kungasiza ukuphathwa kwezidakamizwa okuzenzakalelayo noma okuzenzakalelayo, ikakhulukazi kwiziguli esezikhulile. Amadivayisi wokuxilonga atholakalayo angasiza futhi ukulandelela i-vitals nokusebenza kwenhliziyo. Yenziwe i-AI enamandla, amadivayisi we-IoT angahlaziya ukuhlolwa futhi athumele imibiko ehhovisi lodokotela. Ezimweni eziphuthumayo, amadivayisi afana ne-pacemaker ephezulu asezingeni eliphezulu azothumela izexwayiso esibhedlela futhi athole usizo endleleni yekusasa elingcono lokunakekelwa kwempilo.

Ikusasa lezempilo, ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo kuya kwidijithali

Akuwona kuphela amafoni ancipha, kanjalo namadivayisi ezokwelapha. Imishini yokucabanga ethwala kalula izonikeza odokotela abezimo eziphuthumayo imininingwane engcono esakhiweni nasendleleni eya esibhedlela. I-point of ukunakekelwa kwemishini ye-ultrasound ingakhomba ukulimala, njengokuphuma kwegazi esiswini, amatshe enyongo, izithikamezo zezinso, noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okukubi.

Ngekusasa lokunakekelwa kwezempilo, amathuba amasha we-telemedicine futhi azokwenza kube lula ukuxhumana nabachwepheshe emhlabeni wonke. Sesizobona amakamelo amaningi okwelashwa e-ED afakwe ngamakhamera ne-inthanethi yejubane eliphezulu. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kwizikhungo zasemakhaya ezingenakho ukufinyelela kudokotela onguchwepheshe.

Ukuhlinzwa kweqiniso okuyiqiniso

Namaqiniso augmented singasetshenziselwa okungaphezulu kakhulu kokwenza imidlalo efana nePokemonGo. I-AR inganikeza imininingwane yesiguli yesikhathi sangempela kodokotela abahlinzayo phakathi kwezinqubo ezilula nezinkimbinkimbi.

Odokotela abahlinzayo bazokwazi ukufaka idatha ye-MRI yesiguli bese ama-CT askene kwi-headset ye-AR futhi anqwabelanise i-anatomy ethile yesiguli ngaphezulu komzimba wabo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Okokuqala ngqa emlandweni, kuzokwazi ukubona kahle amathambo, izicubu nezitho zangaphakathi ngaphandle kokuthi usike ukuvula umzimba.

Kuthiwani ngokuphepha?

Bonke lobu buchwepheshe obusha bekusasa lokunakekelwa kwezempilo buthembisa ukuhanjiswa okungcono, ukusebenza kahle okuthuthukile, nokuphila okuningi okusindisiwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kepha ngaphambi kokuthi sifike lapho, kunezingqinamba ezithile ezinzima zokunakekelwa kwempilo okuphezulu.

Isithiyo esikhulu kunazo zonke i-cybersecurity. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu esimweni semishini ye-IoT yezokwelapha. Amadivayisi axhunyiwe anedumela elibi lokuphepha nangezizathu ezinhle. Abakhiqizi bavame ukusebenzisa amasistimu wokusebenza ophelelwe isikhathi futhi weqa ukuhlolwa kwezokuphepha, bebeka abasebenzisi engcupheni yokuhlaselwa i-cyberattacks.

Ekuhlolweni okuthusayo kwe-2018, umbhangqwana wabacwaningi bezokuphepha ukhubaze kude ipompo ye-insulin engangeneki futhi balawula ngokuphelele uhlelo lwe-pacemaker. Kokunye ukuhlolwa, i-iStan eyenziwe ngomuntu ihlukunyeziwe futhi yabulawa ne-pacemaker yayo exhunyiwe. Lokhu kulingiswa kukhombisa ukuthi ubungozi bokuphepha kumadivayisi ezokwelapha angabulala iziguli.

Amadivayisi we-IoT asetshenziswa kuphela ekhaya angaba ibhalwe nge-VPN ifakwe ngqo kwi-Wi-Fi router. I-VPN, noma inethiwekhi yangasese eyi-Virtual, ibethela ukugcwala kwe-Intanethi futhi ivimbele abantu besithathu ekufinyeleleni ekusakazweni kwedatha kuye noma kusuka kudivayisi. Ngeshwa, leli cebo alisebenzi kumadivayisi asetshenziswayo anjenge-pacemaker. Uma umsebenzisi esengaphandle kwenethiwekhi yakhe ephephile, bathambekele ekuphangeni futhi.

 

Ikusasa lezempilo

By ezinye izilinganiso, isikhathi sokuphila sizoba iminyaka engu-4.4 ngaphezulu kwabesifazane nabesilisa emhlabeni wonke yi-2040. Ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okunobuchwepheshe obuphakeme ngokungangabazeki kuzobamba iqhaza elibalulekile ekufezeni lelo nani.

Kepha kunosongo olukhulu oluzayo ngezinzuzo zobuchwepheshe kwezokwelapha. Umuntu angacabanga kalula ngekusasa lapho amadivaysi ezokwelapha asetshenziswa ngabasebenza ngama-cybercrgebengu ukwenza izisulu noma ukuhlukumeza iziguli. Abasebenzisi akufanele badinge ubuchwepheshe bethekhinoloji ukuze bavikele amadivaysi abo ngamasu okwenziwa ekhaya. Izindlela zokuphepha zidinga ukuba yingxenye yokuthuthuka komkhiqizo kusuka ngosuku lokuqala ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwazo zonke iziguli.