Health

It is a chronic infection of the gastric mucosa by Helicobacter Pylori (HP). This bacterium manages to survive in the acidic environment of the stomach and damages its cells, triggering an inflammatory reaction that results in a chronic…

Circulatory shock, an overview. Since the ultimate purpose of the blood circulation is to supply oxygen and other vital nutrients to the body's organs, circulatory insufficiency occurs when this function is not performed effectively

Sprains and strains are two terms used to describe two conditions involving overstretching or tearing of soft tissues in and around the joints

The provocation test (or 'challenge test') is a diagnostic test used in medicine that consists of administering a substance (e.g. a drug or an allergen such as pollen) via various routes to confirm or exclude its involvement in an allergic…

Mitral insufficiency is a heart disease affecting the mitral valve, one of the 4 valves of the heart

Vomiting blood: haemorrhage of the initial tract of the digestive tract results in haematemesis, i.e. vomiting of blood, often associated with melena (emission of black-picky stools)

The term 'wound' in medicine refers to a particular type of wound, characterised by the interruption of one or more of the body's external tissues and caused by ischaemia (interruption of blood vessels) and subsequent necrosis (cell death)…

Pulmonary emphysema (a term originating from the Greek empbysan, meaning 'to swell') is an obstructive lung disease characterised by the dilation and destruction of the lung parenchymal units, from the terminal bronchioles to the alveoli

Scoliosis is a structural pathology (dysmorphism) that leads to the formation of a curve in the spinal column. It is a true rotational deformity that is permanent and evolving, i.e. it tends to worsen with time

Hashimoto's encephalopathy (HE) is a rare disease that involves impaired brain function (encephalopathy). The condition is named for its possible association with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, a common autoimmune thyroid disease, but the exact…