Hukumar Tarayyar Turai ta buga jagorar da ke ba da misalai masu amfani don rage tasirin ma'aikata ga magunguna masu haɗari a kowane mataki na sake zagayowar su: samarwa, sufuri da adanawa, shirye-shirye, gudanarwa ga marasa lafiya (mutane da dabbobi) da sarrafa sharar gida.

Jagoran yana ba da shawara mai amfani

An yi niyya ne ga ma'aikata, masu daukar ma'aikata, hukumomin gwamnati da masana tsaro don tallafawa hanyoyinsu don kare ma'aikata daga magunguna masu haɗari.

Ana bayyana magunguna masu haɗari da waɗanda ke ɗauke da abubuwa ɗaya ko fiye waɗanda suka cika ka'idojin rarrabuwa kamar: Carcinogenic (class 1A ko 1B); Mutagenic (class 1A ko 1B); Ciwon Haihuwa 1 (Kashi na 1A ko 1B).

Magunguna masu haɗari na iya haifar da illolin da ba a so a cikin mutane banda marasa lafiya da kansu, kamar ma'aikatan da aka fallasa

Kuma suna iya samun ciwon daji, mutagenic ko reprotoxic effects.

Misali, wasu suna haifar da ciwon daji ko canje-canje na ci gaba kamar asarar tayi da kuma yiwuwar nakasu ga zuriya, rashin haihuwa da ƙarancin nauyin haihuwa.

Jagoran ya yi kiyasin daga binciken COWI (2021) cewa lokuta 54 na ciwon nono da kuma 13 na cutar kansar haematopoietic a cikin 2020 ana iya danganta su da fallasa sana'a ga magunguna masu haɗari a asibitoci da asibitocin EU.

Binciken COWI (2021) yana ba da ƙarin ɓarna 1,287 a kowace shekara a cikin 2020, yana ƙaruwa zuwa 2,189 rashin zubar da ciki a kowace shekara a cikin 2070, zuwa fallasa sana'a ga magunguna masu haɗari a asibitoci da asibitocin EU.

Binciken COWI (2021) yayi kiyasin cewa kusan ma'aikata miliyan 1.8 suna fuskantar haɗari masu haɗari a yau, 88% daga cikinsu suna aiki a asibitoci, dakunan shan magani da kantin magani.

COWI (2021) ta kuma yi kiyasin cewa yawan ma'aikatan mata a cikin ƙungiyoyin sana'o'in da abin ya shafa ya fito daga 4% (ma'aikatan fasaha a sharar gida da sharar ruwa) zuwa 92% (masu kulawa, masu kulawa da likitocin dabbobi).

Manufar Jagorar ita ce ƙara wayar da kan jama'a game da haɗarin magunguna masu haɗari a tsakanin ma'aikatan da za su iya yin hulɗa da su da ma'aikatansu.

Sauran manufofin su ne don haɓaka kyakkyawan aiki a tsakanin ma'aikatan da ke hulɗa da waɗannan abubuwa a cikin EU da kuma samar da ma'anar tunani mai amfani da tallafi ga ayyukan horo; don inganta kwararar bayanai a lokacin sauye-sauye tsakanin matakai daban-daban na tsarin rayuwa a cikin sarkar samar da su; da kuma inganta daidaituwa tsakanin Membobi da sassa ta hanyar tabbatar da cewa duk masu ruwa da tsaki suna da cikakkiyar jagora.

Akwai wasu jagororin da ke akwai waɗanda suka shafi amfani da HMPs, amma galibi ana rubuta su a matakin yanki ko yanki, ko rufe kawai sassan tsarin rayuwa ko takamaiman ayyuka.

Wannan jagorar ya kamata ya rage rarrabuwar jagora kan magunguna masu haɗari; zama kayan aiki mai sassauƙa kuma na yau da kullun wanda za'a iya sake dubawa a nan gaba, amsawa da daidaitawa ga ci gaban magunguna

Jagoran yana mai da hankali kan rigakafi da sarrafa haɗari daga fallasa sana'a, kuma bayanin da ya ƙunshi ba cikakken bayyani ba ne na hanyoyin tabbatar da amincin haƙuri.

Ya kamata a karanta bayanin da ke cikin wannan jagorar tare da dokoki da ka'idoji don tabbatar da amincin majiyyaci.

An raba jagorar zuwa sassa akan batutuwa na gaba ɗaya da takamaiman batutuwa

Bangarorin bakwai na farko da sashe na 13 kan sarrafa abin da ya faru gabaɗaya ne kuma sun shafi kowane matakai na zagayowar rayuwa.

Sashe na 8 zuwa 12 da na 14 zuwa 15 sun shafi kowane lokaci na rayuwar magungunan ƙwayoyi masu haɗari, daga samarwa zuwa sharar gida.

Akwai annexes da yawa da ke ba da ƙamus, ƙarin bayani da misalan samfuran kiman haɗari da takaddun taƙaitawa.

Jagoran yana nufin samar da bayyani na ayyuka masu kyau da ake da su da kuma samar da hanyoyi masu amfani don rage haɗarin ma'aikata ga magunguna masu haɗari.

An tsara shi don kowane nau'in ƙungiyoyi, ba tare da la'akari da girman ba, na jama'a da masu zaman kansu, kuma a duk matakai na tsarin rayuwa na HPP.

Hakanan ya shafi wuraren da ke shiga gwaji na asibiti.

Jagoran da ba shi da ɗauri da aka yi niyya don amfani da Membobin ƙasa, ƙungiyoyin yanki da na gida don tallafawa hanyoyin su don kare ma'aikata daga HPPs.

Ya dogara ne akan dokokin Turai na yanzu kuma jagorar ba tare da nuna bambanci ga tanadin Turai ko na ƙasa masu dacewa ba.

Jagoran yana ba da shawarwari masu dacewa ga hukumomin ƙasa, masu ɗaukar ma'aikata da ma'aikata kuma yana da amfani ga duk wanda ke da nau'ikan nauyi

misali na sana'a kiwon lafiya da lafiya masana; waɗanda ke da alhakin horarwa a cikin amintaccen kula da ƙwayoyi masu haɗari a wurin aiki; ma'aikatan jinya da sauran ƙwararrun ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya da ke aiki a wasu sassan kamar kulawa mai zurfi, farfadowa da kuma kula da lafiyar jiki, wanda marasa lafiya za su iya ziyarta bayan sun ba da magani mai haɗari; wakilan ma'aikata da dai sauransu.

An tsara jagorar don ma'aikatan da suka yi hulɗa da kwayoyi masu haɗari ba don marasa lafiya, iyalansu, ko masu kulawa na yau da kullum (mutanen da ba ma'aikata ba a cikin dangantakar aiki tare da ma'aikacin kiwon lafiya).

Jagorar da EU ta haɗa

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Hatsarin ma'aikatan kashe gobara na bugun zuciya da ba a saba bi ka'ida ba yana da alaƙa da yawan fallasa gobara a kan aikin.

source

FNOPI