ʻO ke ahi, ka puhi ʻana i ka uahi a me ke ahi: nā hōʻailona, nā hōʻailona, nā kānāwai o ʻeiwa
ʻO ke ahi ke kumu nui o ka pōʻino, ka make a me ka pōʻino waiwai. ʻO ka pōʻino i hoʻoulu ʻia e ka uahi e alakaʻi i ka pōʻino nui o ka make i ka poʻe maʻi kuni: i kēia mau hihia, hoʻohui ʻia ka pōʻino o ka uahi i ke ahi, me nā hopena make pinepine.
KA HANA HANA HANA ANA I KA HANA A NA POE AHI AHI A ME NA POE PALAPALA CIVIL.
ʻO nā hōʻailona, nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona i nā mea i loaʻa i ke ahi
ʻO ka piʻi ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi a me ka make e pili ana i nā ʻeha inhalation i nā maʻi kuni e pono ai ko lākou ʻike koke ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana.
ʻO ka hoʻāʻo wikiwiki, bronchoscopy fibreoptic, chest X-ray, hemogasanalysis, ECG a me ka nānā ʻana i ka hemodynamic ʻo ia nā ʻanuʻu nui i ke kaʻina hana diagnostic.
ʻO ka nānā pono ʻana o ka mea maʻi e kēia mau ʻano hana e hiki ai ke hana i ka manawa kūpono a kūpono hoʻi inā pono.
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau kikoʻī koʻikoʻi i ka loiloi ʻana a me ka mālama mua ʻana i nā poʻe i loaʻa i ke ahi i honi i ka uahi.
ʻO ka moʻolelo maikaʻi o ka ʻike ʻana i kahi ʻāina i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a me ka puʻu nui e alakaʻi i kekahi i ka poʻe kānalua i ka ʻeha inhalation, ʻoiai me ka loaʻa ʻole o nā hōʻailona lapaʻau.
ʻO ke kūlana o ka ʻike ʻole e hoʻonui i ka make ʻana o ka asphyxia a/a i ʻole carbon monoxide (CO) a me ka cyanide (RCN).
ʻO ka hōʻailona maʻamau o kahi kala ʻulaʻula cherry i nā hihia o ka make CO ʻaʻole hilinaʻi iā ia iho.
KOKUA MUA: E KIPA I KA DMC DINAS MEDICAL CONSULTANTS BOOTH MA EMERGENCY EXPO
He ho'āʻo koʻikoʻi ka Oximetry no ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka ʻona CO, akā naʻe, ʻaʻole i kāpae ʻia nā pae Hbco haʻahaʻa i ka hiki ke hōʻino nui ʻia ka māmā ma ka pae waena a me ka hope ma hope o ke kuni ʻana.
ʻO ka Pulse oximetry ka lima koʻikoʻi i ka nānā ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi, akā naʻe, ʻaʻole hōʻike pololei ʻo SpO2 i ka Hbo i ka poʻe maʻi me ka ʻona CO no ka mea he like like ka oxyhaemoglobin a me Hbco, no laila, e hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia nā waiwai SpO2 i nā maʻi me ka make CO. .
Hoʻohana pono ka Pulse oximetry i nā poʻe maʻi kuni me nā helu Hbco kokoke i ka maʻamau.
ʻO ke kuni maka, ka vibrissae kuni, ka buccal a me ka laryngeal oedema, nā ʻōpala charred i loko o nā ala ea a me ka sputum e hōʻike ana i ka ʻeha inhalation, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ko lākou hele ʻole.
ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻāpana ʻā i loko o ka sputum, kahi i manaʻo ʻia he hōʻailona koʻikoʻi loa o ka inhalation uahi, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia no 8-24 mau hola, a aia wale nō ma kahi o 40% o nā mea me ka ʻeha ʻeha.
ʻO ka laryngeal stridor, hoarseness, slurred speech and thoracic retractions e hōʻike ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi maʻi ea o luna a me ka pono o ka loiloi piha ʻana o kēia.
He mea pono loa ka laryngoscopy a me ka bronchoscopy fibreoptic no ka huli ʻana i nā ʻeha o ke ea o luna a me ka wehe ʻana i ka ʻōpala a me nā ʻōpala i loaʻa.
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻū, dyspnoea, tachypnoea, cyanosis, hissing, wheezing a rhonchi e hōʻike ana i nā ʻeha inhalation koʻikoʻi.
Hōʻike pinepine ka electrocardiogram (ECG) i ka tachycardia a hōʻike paha i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi naʻau ischemic.
KA HOʻOMAʻI I NA KAʻA KIKAIKA NO NĀ KĀWAI AHI: E ʻIMI I KA PROSPEED BOOTH MA KA EMERGENCY EXPO
ʻAʻole hōʻike pinepine ʻia kahi hoʻāʻo X-ray umauma i nā hōʻailona o ka ʻeha inhalation
ʻO kahi haʻawina scintigraphic i hana ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o ka xenon-133 e hōʻike ana i ka ʻeha liʻiliʻi o ke ea inā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopau piha ʻia ka isotope i loko o 90 kekona.
ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻole hiki ke hana i kēia hoʻāʻo i ka wā mua o ka mālama ʻana.
Ua ʻike ʻia ka maikaʻi o ka Spirometry no ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻeha ea liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻeha o ke ea o luna.
Hoʻemi nui ʻia ke kahe o ka expiratory ʻelua a me ka nui o ka expiratory rate ma 50% o ka mana koʻikoʻi.
ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o kēia ʻano hana, ua kaupalena ʻia i nā poʻe maʻi hiki ke hoʻokō i nā kauoha a ka mea nānā a hana i kahi hoʻoikaika hanu kūpono.
He mea maikaʻi loa ka nānā ʻana i ke kinoea koko aʻa (ABG) no ka loiloi ʻana i ke koʻikoʻi a me ka piʻi ʻana o ka ʻeha ʻeha.
ʻO ka ho'ēmiʻana i ka PaO2 a me ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka P(Aa)O2 (ʻoi aku ma mua o 300), aiʻole ka ho'ēmiʻana i ka ratio PaO2 / FiO2 (emi iho i ka 350), he mau hōʻailona kūpono a paʻakikī o ka hana hanuʻana.
He mea maʻamau ka alkalosis hanu i ka manawa ma hope koke o ke kuni ʻana a hoʻomau pinepine ʻia me ka pae hypermetabolic.
ʻO ka acidosis respiratory he hōʻailona ia o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu a pili pinepine ʻia me ka hypoxemia koʻikoʻi.
ʻO ka asphyxiation, ka nui o ka Hbco kiʻekiʻe (ma luna o 40), ka make ʻana o ka HCN a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka naʻau, ʻo ia nā kumu āpau i hiki ke alakaʻi i ka acidosis metabolic koʻikoʻi.
He mea nui ka Electrocardiogram (ECG) a me ka nānā ʻana i ka hemodynamic i nā poʻe maʻi me ke kuni ʻekolu-degere e hoʻonui ana ma mua o 10 pākēneka o ka ʻili o ke kino, inā pili a ʻaʻole paha me ka ʻeha inhalation.
I nā wela nui, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī e ka ʻeha inhalation, hiki ke nānā ʻia ke kaomi pulmonary arterial, cardiac output a me nā ʻano hoʻololi hemodynamic ʻē aʻe e hoʻopaʻa pono i ka infusion wai i ka wā o ka resuscitation, e pale aku i ka hypotension, renal failure and fluid overload.
Nā kaʻa kūikawā no FIREFIGHTERS: E kipa aku i ka BOOTH ALLISON MA EMPOʻI EXPO
ʻAi ke ahi, ke kānāwai o ʻeiwa
Hana ʻia ka loiloi o nā ʻeha ʻili ma o ka hoʻokolokolo kino, ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke kaumaha o ke kino (e hahai i ke koena wai) a me ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka nui o ka ʻili o ke kino i puhi ʻia.
Hiki ke helu ʻia ka hope, e pili ana i ka lula i kapa ʻia ʻeiwa, ma hope o ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke ʻano o ke komo ʻana o ke poʻo, mua a ma hope o ke kumu a me nā lālā.
Ma ke kānāwai o ʻeiwa, i loko o ke kanaka makua, ʻo kēlā me kēia ʻāpana anatomical ma kahi o 4.5% a i ʻole 9% a i ʻole 18% o ka ʻili o ke kino.
ʻIke ʻia ka hohonu o ke kuni ma muli o ke ʻano o ke kino, e mālama mau i kēia ʻike pōkole:
- kuni degere mua: Puhi i ka epithelium, e hoike ana he erythema a me ka eha;
- Ke kuni degere lua: Ke ahi o ka epidermis a me ka dermis, e hoike ana me ka erythema, ka pohu a me ka eha.
- kuni ʻekolu: ʻO ke kuni e hoʻopau ai i ka ʻili a hiki i ka hypodermis a i ʻole i loko o ka hypodermis a hōʻike ʻia e ka ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele paha o ka ʻili i hoʻopilikia ʻia, ʻaʻole ia he ʻeha, ma muli o ka luku piha ʻana o nā ʻāpana ʻike āpau i loko. ʻili.
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