Isi mmalite nke microscope: windo n'ime ụwa micro
Njem site na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke microscope
Mgbọrọgwụ microscope
Echiche nke microscope nwere mgbọrọgwụ n'oge ochie. N'ime China, n'ihe dị ka afọ 4,000 gara aga, a na-ahụ ihe nlele anya site na lenses na njedebe nke tube jupụtara na mmiri, na-enweta ọkwa dị ịrịba ama. Omume a, n'ụzọ dị ịrịba ama maka oge ya, na-egosi na mmụba anya bụ echiche amaara ma jiri ya mee ihe n'oge ochie. Na omenala ndị ọzọ, dị ka Greek, Ijipt, na Roman, a na-eji lens gbagọrọ agbagọ mee ihe dị iche iche, gụnyere usoro ịwa ahụ. Ihe atụ ndị a mbụ, ọ bụ ezie na ọ dị ọhụrụ, anọchighị anya microscope dị ka anyị si mara ya taa mana tọrọ ntọala maka imepụta ya n'ọdịnihu.
Ọmụmụ microscope nke ngwakọta
Ezi ọganihu na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke microscope mere gburugburu 1590 mgbe atọ Dutch lens eme - Hans Jansen, nwa ya nwoke Zacharias Jansen, na Hans Lippershey – a na-akwụ na ha chepụtara ihe microscope dị na mbara igwe. Ngwa ọhụrụ a, nke jikọtara ọtụtụ lenses n'ime tube, nyere ohere ka ọ dị elu karịa usoro ndị gara aga. Ọ ghọrọ ewu ewu na narị afọ nke 17 ma ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị jiri ya mee ihe dịka Udochukwu Nwoke, onye England bụ́ ọkà ihe ọmụma okike, bụ́ onye malitere ime ihe ngosi mgbe nile nye Royal Society malite na 1663. Na 1665, Hooke bipụtara “Micrograph", ọrụ nke webatara ọtụtụ ihe nlele anya ma nyere aka n'ịgbasa microscope.
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek: Nna nke microscope
N'otu oge na Hooke, Antoine van Leeuwenhoek, onye ahịa Dutch na ọkà mmụta sayensị, mepụtara mfe ma microscopes siri ike nke ukwuu. Leeuwenhoek ji microscopes ndị a mee ihe maka nyocha ọsụ ụzọ ya banyere microorganisms na mmiri na 1670, si otú a na-ewepụta microbiology. A maara ya maka nkà ya na mmepụta oghere na akwụkwọ ozi zuru ezu o degaara Royal Society na London, bụ nke kwadoro ma kesaa nchọpụta ya. Site na akwụkwọ ozi ndị a, Leeuwenhoek ghọrọ onye bụ isi na mmepe nke microscopy.
Ọganihu teknụzụ
Site na mbubreyo 17th narị afọ, Optics nke ngwá ọrụ a nọgidere na-aga n'ihu ngwa ngwa. N'ime 18th narị afọ, enwere ọganihu dị ukwuu n'imezi ihe ndị na-adịghị mma nke chromatic, na-eme ka mma oyiyi dịkwuo mma. N'ime 19th narị afọ, iwebata ụdị iko ọhụụ ọhụrụ na nghọta nke geometry anya mere ka ọ dịkwuo mma. Mmepe ndị a tọrọ ntọala maka microscopy ọgbara ọhụrụ, na-eme ka nyocha nke ụwa dị ntakịrị na nkenke na nke doro anya na-enwetụbeghị ụdị ya.