USA, akụkọ ihe mere eme nke EMS System

By Cristiano Antonino On Jun 18, 2022

Ojiji mbụ nke ambulances mere n'oge Agha Obodo America

Onye nkịtị mbụ ụgbọ ihe mberede E hiwere ọrụ na 1865 na Cincinnati, Ohio.

Na mbụ, ha bụ naanị maka mbufe ma ọ bụghị nlekọta mberede.

Ụlọ olili ozu na-arụ ọrụ ụfọdụ, na ụgbọ ihe mberede ọ bụla nke mere ụdị nlekọta ahụike ọ bụla bụ ndị ọrụ mgbanyụ ọkụ na-arụ ọrụ.

Onye isi ala Lyndon B. Johnson na Commission President on Highway Safety of the National Academy of Sciences bipụtara akụkọ nke isiokwu ya bụ "Ọnwụ mberede na nkwarụ: Ọrịa Na-eleghara anya nke Modern Society" (nke a makwaara dị ka EMS White Paper), na akwụkwọ a, tinyere. na National Highway Traffic Safety Act, nyere ụkpụrụ gọọmenti etiti maka ịmepụta usoro EMS.

Na 1996, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) na Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) bipụtara akwụkwọ nkwekọrịta a na-akwanyere ùgwù nke akpọrọ EMS Agenda for the Future, nke a na-akpọkarị "Agenda."

Akwụkwọ a na-akọwa ọhụụ maka EMS nke ọdịnihu ma kọwaa ụzọ nke a ga-esi mee atụmatụ ahụ.

Mmemme Enyemaka nka nka nke NHTSA ewepụtala usoro nleba anya nke setịpụrụ ụkpụrụ n'ụdị ụfọdụ, dịka akọwara n'okpuru, maka ụlọ ọrụ EMS na mba niile. Steeti ọ bụla ga-enwerịrị ụkpụrụ na-emepụta ego maka EMS, wepụta ụlọ ọrụ EMS na-edu ndú, yana ụzọ isi guzobe na idobe ndị na-eweta na asambodo ụlọ ọrụ.

Ekwesịrị ijikwa akụrụngwa na etiti ka ndị na-enye ọzụzụ na ndị nwere ikike nwere ike ilekọta onye ọ bụla chọrọ ya ma weta ụgbọ njem n'oge na akụrụngwa kwesịrị ekwesị:

Onye ọ bụla na-enye nlekọta na ụgbọ ihe mberede kwesịrị ịbụ ma ọ dịkarịa ala ọkwa onye na-eweta EMT.

Ụzọ njem nchekwa na ntụkwasị obi, ma ụgbọ ala, ụgbọ elu nwere nku, ma ọ bụ helikopta.

Ekwesịrị ibuga ndị ọrịa nwere nnukwu ọrịa ma ọ bụ merụrụ ahụ n'ụlọ ọrụ kacha nso kwesịrị ekwesị.

USA, EMS Tupu Agha Ụwa Mbụ

1485 - nnọchibido nke Malaga, nke mbụ e dekọrọ nke ụgbọ ihe mberede site na ndị agha, enweghị nlekọta ahụike enyere

1800s - Napoleon họpụtara ụgbọ ala na onye na-eje ozi ka ọ gaa n'ọgbọ agha

1860 - eji ọgwụ na ụgbọ ihe mberede eme ihe na United States nke izizi edekọtara

1865 - Ojiji mbụ nke ambulances mere n'oge Agha Obodo America.

E hiwere ọrụ ụgbọ ihe mberede nke mbụ na 1865 na Cincinnati, Ohio.

Na mbụ, ha bụ naanị maka mbufe ma ọ bụghị nlekọta mberede.

Ụlọ olili ozu na-arụ ọrụ ụfọdụ, na ụgbọ ihe mberede ọ bụla nke mere ụdị nlekọta ahụike ọ bụla bụ ndị ọrụ mgbanyụ ọkụ na-arụ ọrụ.

1869 - Ọrụ ụgbọ ihe mberede mbụ, Ụlọ Ọgwụ Bellevue na New York, NY.

1899 - Ụlọ ọgwụ Michael Reese dị na Chicago na-arụ ọrụ ụgbọ ala ụgbọ ala EMS n'etiti Agha Ụwa Mbụ na nke Abụọ.

1900s - Ụlọ ọgwụ na-etinye interns na ambulances; mbụ ezi mgbalị na àgwà idaha na iga nlekọta.

1926 - Ngalaba Ọkụ na Phoenix batara EMS.

1928 – Ndị otu nnapụta mbụ bidoro na Roanoke, VA.

Squad mebere site na Julien Stanley Wise wee kpọọ Roanoke Life Saving Crew.

EMS na USA, Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ

1940s Ọtụtụ ọrụ ụgbọ ihe mberede nke ụlọ ọgwụ kwụsịrị n'ihi enweghị ike sitere na WW II.

Ndị ọchịchị obodo na-enyefe ndị uwe ojii na ngalaba mgbanyụ ọkụ.

Enweghị iwu na ọzụzụ kacha nta.

Ịbịa ụgbọ ihe mberede ghọrọ ụdị ntaramahụhụ n'ọtụtụ ebe ọkụ.

Post-WW II

1951 - helikopta ejiri n'oge agha Korea.

1956 – Ntugharị ọnụ n’ọnụ nke Dr. Elan na Dr. Safar mepụtara.

1959 - mbugharị mbugharị defibrillator mepụtara na Johns Hopkins Hospital.

1960 - LAFD na-etinye ndị ọrụ ahụike na injin ọ bụla, steepụ, na ụlọ ọrụ nnapụta.

1966 – Ntuziaka EMS – Iwu nchekwa okporo ụzọ, Ọkọlọtọ 11.

1966 - Nnyefe nlekọta ụlọ ọgwụ tupu oge eruo site na iji ụgbọ ihe mberede nke Dr. Frank Pantridge na Belfast, Northern Ireland.

1966 – Onye isi ala Lyndon B. Johnson na Onye isi oche Commission on Highway Safety nke National Academy of Sciences bipụtara akụkọ nke isiokwu ya bụ “Ọnwụ mberede na nkwarụ: Ọrịa Na-eleghara anya nke Modern Society” nke a makwaara dị ka EMS White Paper.

USA: akwụkwọ a, yana National Highway Traffic Safety Act, nyere ụkpụrụ gọọmenti etiti maka ịmepụta usoro EMS.

Ọ kọwara:

Enweghị otu iwu na ụkpụrụ.
Ambulances na ngwá nke adịghị mma.
Enweghị nkwukọrịta n'etiti EMS na ụlọ ọgwụ.
Ọzụzụ nke ndị ọrụ enweghị.
Ụlọ ọgwụ na-eji ndị ọrụ nwa oge na ED.

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Ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ nwụrụ n'ihe mberede ụgbọ ala karịa na Vietnam War 1967 - AAOS na-emepụta "Nlekọta Mberede na Ụgbọ njem nke Ndị Ọrịa na Ndị merụrụ ahụ."

Akwụkwọ izizi maka ndị ọrụ EMS

1968 - Task Force of the Committee of EMS drafts basic training standards, results na "Ọzụzụ nke Ambulance Personnel na ndị ọzọ na-ahụ maka nlekọta mberede nke ndị ọrịa na ndị merụrụ ahụ na Scene na N'oge Ụgbọ njem" nke Dunlop na Associates.

1968 Ekwentị America na Telegraph debere 9-1-1 maka ojiji mberede.

1969 – Dr. Eugene Nagel weputara mba mbụ Paramedic mmemme na Miami.

1969 - Kọmitii na Ambulance Design Criteria bipụtara "Ihe gbasara ahụike maka imepụta ụgbọ ihe mberede na akụrụngwa."

1970 - Achọpụtara ojiji nke helikopta na EMS na Project CARESOM (Coordinated Accident Rescue Endeavor-State of Mississippi) site na onyinye gọọmenti etiti na-enye 3 helikopta ambulances na 3 dị iche iche na Mississippi. Mgbe ọrụ ọnwa 15 gasịrị, ntọala Hattiesburg nọgidere na-adị ka ọ bụ nchọpụta na-aga nke ọma na nsonaazụ ndị ọrịa ka mma.

1970 – National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians hiwere.

1971 - Kọmitii na-ahụ maka mmerụ ahụ nke AAOS na-akwado ogbako mba na ọzụzụ maka EMT.

1972 – Ngalaba Ahụike, Mmụta na ọdịmma nke Onye isi ala Nixon duziri ka ọ mepụta ụzọ ọhụrụ iji hazie EMS.

1972 - Ngalaba Nchebe na Ụgbọ njem site na ọrụ mgbapụta helikopta.

1972 - ihe nkiri TV "Mpụga!" malitere 8 afọ ọsọ 1973 - EMS Systems Act nke 1973 gafere.

1973 – Kpakpando nke Ndụ nke DOT mebere.

1973 – Ụlọ ọgwụ St. Anthony dị na Denver malitere ọrụ ụgbọ njem ndị nkịtị nke mbụ nke mba.

1974 - Department of Health, Education and Welfare bipụtara ntuziaka maka ịmepụta na imejuputa EMS Systems.

1974 - Akụkọ Federal na-ekpughe na ihe na-erughị ọkara nke ndị ọrụ ụgbọ ihe mberede gụchara akwụkwọ DOT 81-hour.

1975 - Association Medical Association America ghọtara ọgwụ mberede.

1975 - Mahadum nke Pittsburgh na Nancy Caroline, MD nyere nkwekọrịta maka EMT-Paramedic National Standard Curriculum mbụ.

1975 – E hiwere National Association of EMTs.

1983 – Iwu EMS maka ụmụaka gafere 1985 – National Association of EMS Physicians hiwere.

1990 – Iwu atụmatụ atụmatụ na mmepe usoro nlekọta trauma.

1991 - Commission on nzere ntozu nke Ambulance Services na-esetịpụ ụkpụrụ na akara maka ọrụ ambulances.

1996 - National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) na Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) bipụtara akwụkwọ nkwekọrịta a na-akwanyere ùgwù nke akpọrọ EMS Agenda for the Future, nke a na-akpọkarị Agenda.