Bohloeki: likhopolo tsa antimicrobial, antiseptic, disinfectant le sterilization

By Cristiano Antonino On Apr 20, 2023

Antimicrobial, ka tlhaloso, ke ntho ea tlhaho kapa ea maiketsetso e bolaeang likokoana-hloko (microbes) kapa e thibelang kholo ea tsona.

Likokoana-hloko li arotsoe haholo-holo ho latela

mofuta oa ts'ebetso (ho bolaea kapa ho thibela kholo);
mofuta oa likokoana-hloko tseo li lebisoang ho tsona (maqhubu a ketso).

Ka hona, antimicrobial e bolaeang likokoana-hloko e na le liphello

likokoana-hloko: ho bolaea libaktheria
likokoana-hloko: bolaea li-fungus;
virocides: ho bolaea likokoana-hloko.

Ka lehlakoreng le leng, li-antimicrobial tse thibelang (ho lieha kapa ho emisa) kholo ea likokoana-hloko ke:

bacteriostatic: thibela kholo ea libaktheria;
fungistatic: thibela kholo ea li-fungus;
virostatics: thibela kholo ea likokoana-hloko.

Ho ipapisitsoe le ts'ebeliso ea bona e telele ea lithane tsa vivo, mefuta e fapaneng ea li-antimicrobial e arotsoe ka li-antiseptics le disinfectants:

sebolaya dikokwana-hloko: ntho ya mmele kapa ya dikhemikhale e nang le dibopeho tsa ho thibela kapa ho diehisa kgolo ya dikokwana-hloko, ebang ke kantle, bokahodimo kapa ka hare ho ntho e phelang. Sebolaya dikokwana-hloko se ka sebediswa dithishung tse phelang, leha di le maemong a phahameng, mme sena se ka kgoneha ka lebaka la thepa e itseng ya metsoako ena e tsejwang e le 'selective toxicity'. Chefo e khethehileng e bakoa ke bokhoni ba antimicrobial ho otla liphofu tse itseng tsa cellular tse ikhethang ho likokoana-hloko tse nyenyane, e le hore ho se ke ha e-ba le kotsi e bakoang ke ntho e phelang (motho). Li-antimicrobial tsena ke tseo ka tloaelo li sebelisoang e le lithethefatsi;
sebolaya ditwatsi: ntho e kgonang ho bolaya mefuta ya dimela tsa dikokwana-hloko tsa pathogenic le spores tsa tsona (mohlala, chlorine, iodine, hydrogen peroxide, phenol le ethyl alcohol). Sebolaea-likokoana-hloko se KA SE sebelisoe haholo liseleng tse phelang, kaha se chefo. Lintho tse ngata tse nang le phello ea antimicrobial li oela sehlopheng sena. Lintho tsena tse sebelisoang meriana hangata li ka sebelisoa bakeng sa letlalo la lehae.

Ho tlatselletsoa ho sena ke mohopolo oa ho koala: ts'ebetso e tiisang boemo boo ho bona ho phela ha likokoana-hloko ho sa bonahaleng haholo.

Ho thibela likokoana-hloko ho bolela ho felisoa ka botlalo le/kapa ho se sebetse ha mofuta ofe kapa ofe o phelang, athe ho bolaea likokoana-hloko ho lekanyelitsoe ho mefuta ea likokoana-hloko feela eseng ho mofuta ofe kapa ofe o phelang.

Ts'ebetsong ea bongaka, li-antimicrobial li sebelisoa ho loantša tšoaetso ea batho e bakoang ke likokoana-hloko tsa pathogenic, ha lipatlisisong tsa saense li sebelisetsoa ho laola kholo ea likokoana-hloko le ho khetha likokoana-hloko bakeng sa ho lengoa ka laboratoring.