Amadolobha amakhulu emhlabeni alwa nenkinga efanayo: i-traffic jam. Kuhlangene nalesi sihloko, amadolobha aseNdiya nakwamanye amazwe amaningi asathuthuka kufanele abhekane nenani elikhulu lokufa kwama-ambulensi. Mhlawumbe ubuchwepheshe be-inthanethi bungasiza ukunciphisa isikhathi sokufika esibhedlela nokwenza ama-ambulensi abe mancane.

The ECentral University of Kashmir wafunda amacala we ama-ambulensi ezingeke zifike ezibhedlela ngesikhathi ukusindisa impilo yeziguli eziphethe. Ungayenza kanjani ambulensi ngobuchule? Ukubhekana nale nkinga, sahlaziya iphepha eliveza inoveli futhi okulula ukulisebenzisa ngokuhlukile ukuphathwa kwethrafikhi yezimoto ngesikhathi sokuhambisa i-ambulensi eziphuthumayo. Zidinga amadivaysi amathathu kuphela aphambili: i-Arduino UNO, i-GPS neo 6M neSIM 900A. Ake sibabone ngokuqondile.

Ngenxa yokwanda kokubambezeleka kwethrafikhi, ngokwezibalo babona ukuthi ngaphezu kwe-20% yeziguli ezidinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo kwezokwelapha ushonele endleleni eya esibhedlela. Ukuvimbela ukuthi lokhu kwenzeke, sidinga uhlelo oluvumela i-ambulensi ukuthi ihambe ngaphandle kokuma.

Ama-ambulensi ahlakaniphile ukugwema ukufa esendleleni eya esibhedlela

Le projekthi iqukethe izingxenye ezine eziphambili zehadiwe:

• Uhlelo lwe-GPS olwakhiwe
• I-GPS Module NEO 6M
• I-Arduino UNO
• I-SIM 900A GSM Modem

Uhlelo lufaka nesakhi esincanyane okuthiwa Igumbi Lokulawulwa Kwethrafikhi, ezizosiza ama-ambulensi ukuthi afinyelele lapho eya khona ngesikhathi. Kanjani? Ngokususa umzila kusuka kuthrafikhi ngokushintsha amasiginali womgwaqo noma nini nanoma kuphi lapho kudingeka khona.

I-algorithm yekhodi yohlelo ehlongozwayo inikezwe ku-Algorithm 1.

1. Qalisa ukuhlukahluka: i-newData = yamanga
2. Okwe-GPS Parsing Time Lapsed <1 isekhondi
3. UMA uxhumano lwe-serial luyatholakala
4. Funda idatha kusuka ekuxhumekeni kwe-serial
5. ENDIF
6. UMA idatha ifundwe
7. newData = eyiqiniso
8. ENDIF
9. UMA newData = eyiqiniso
10. Khomba ubude nobude bendawo yamanje ye-ambulensi
11. Khiqiza isixhumanisi se-Google Amamephu sendawo
12. Thumela umlayezo
13. ENDIF

Okokuqala, i-Google Amamephu kufanele ifakwe ohlelweni lwe-GPS olwakhiwe kwi-ambulensi. Kumamephu we-google, singathola zonke izibhedlela kanye namakhaya asebekhulile. I-GPS izokhetha indlela emfushane kakhulu yokufinyelela esibhedlela esiseduze. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-module ye-GPS NEO 6M ithumela indawo ebukhoma ye-ambulensi egumbini lokulawula umgwaqo nesibhedlela. Ngakho-ke, igumbi lokulawula ithrafikhi lingasusa indlela ye-ambulensi.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Arduino UNO isetshenziselwa ukugcina ikhodi yokuthumela indawo bukhoma ye-ambulensi. Ithola indawo evela kwi-GPS Neo 6M bese iyithumela egumbini lokulawula umgwaqo nasesibhedlela isebenzisa iSIM 900A. I-SIM 900A isetshenziselwa ukuthumela indawo ebukhoma ye-ambulensi isebenzisa umyalezo wombhalo egumbini lokulawula umgwaqo nasesibhedlela.

Imibono emihle yokunciphisa ithrafikhi lapho i-ambulensi kufanele iye esibhedlela. Ukuqinisekiswa kokuhlola? 

Basebenzise futhi bahlole ikhambi elihlongozwayo basebenzisa indlela evumelana nesixazululo esisuselwa ku-Arduino. Kanye Uhlelo luhlanganiswe ne-ambulensi, umshayeli angakwazi ukukhetha isibhedlela okuya kuso.

Uhlelo luzothumela ngqo indawo ebukhoma kwigumbi lokulawulwa kwethrafikhi kanye nesibhedlela. I-Google Amamephu izonikezela, ke, indlela emfushane ukusuka emthonjeni iya esibhedlela okuya kuyo negumbi lokulawula umgwaqo lizosula ithrafikhi esendleleni.

Ukuqapha kwe-serial kusiza uhlelo ukubheka ukuthi ingabe i-GPS iyasebenza noma ayisebenzi. Umyalezo othunyelwe yi-GSM SIM 900A ufaka indawo ye-ambulensi ehlakaniphile lapho uqala khona, indawo, engaqashwa ngokuqhubekayo yigumbi lokulawula umgwaqo nesibhedlela. Ukuchofoza kusixhumanisi se-Google Amamephu kuvula indawo ye-ambulensi ngesikhathi sangempela.

 

Zingaba khona yini izinkinga ngokufakwa kwalolu hlelo kuma-ambulensi? 

Uhlelo lungahlanganiswa kalula ku-ambulensi njengoba ludinga kuphela amandla angu-12V,1A we-GSM SIM 900A kanye ne-10V ye-Arduino UNO. Ingahlinzekwa kalula kusuka ku-fuse ibhodi ekhona engaphakathi kwi-ambulensi. Uhlelo oluhlongozwayo ludinga ukuthi umshayeli abe ne uxhumano lwe-inthanethi.

The umshayeli we-ambulensi kudingeka nje uchofoze esikrinini se-GPS kanye. Ngemuva kwalokho, umshayeli kufanele athumele indawo ye-ambulensi njengomyalezo. Uma sekwenziwe kanye, isistimu ithumela isibuyekezo sendawo ngesikhathi sangempela. Into ethokozisayo ukuthi le ndlela inganikeza indlela i-ambulensi eyodwa noma eziningi ngasikhathi sinye.

 

Ama-ambulensi ahlakaniphile okugwema ukufa esendleleni eya esibhedlela: uthini ngekusasa?

Ngokuyisisekelo, leli phepha lokucwaninga lihlongoza uhlelo lwe-Arduino olususelwa kulawulo lomgwaqo izimo eziphuthumayo ezihlobene nokunakekelwa kwempilo. Noma ngabe lolu hlelo lungasebenza kahle kusetyenziso lwalo, lunokulinganiselwa okuhlobene ne-Hardware. Ukuxhuma kohlelo kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela. Uma kwenzeka amaphutha ekujoyineni ukuxhumana, uhlelo ngeke lusebenze kahle.

Ububanzi besikhathi esizayo balolu cwaningo buhlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa kohlelo okuhlongozwayo kumamojula wokuqokelelwa kwemininingwane yesiguli esezinzwa. Imininingwane izothunyelwa ku-Cloud usebenzisa i-Arduinobased Wi-Fi module. The isibhedlela sokuya khona ingafinyelela idatha yesiguli yangempela isebenzisa uhlelo oluvulekile lwe-Wi-Fi. Uhlelo oluhlongozwayo lungathuthukiswa kule ndlela ukuze isetshenziswe ngokuzayo.

 

AUTHORS

Mohammad Moazum Wani

UDkt Mansaf Alam

USamiya Khan

 

FUNDA

Ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo eThailand, i-ambulensi entsha ehlakaniphile ene-5G

Ikusasa le-ambulensi: Uhlelo lokunakekelwa okuphuthumayo oluphuthumayo

Impendulo yama-ambulensi esithuthuthu: Ukulungela uma kwenzeka ujamu wethrafikhi

 

 

IMITHOMBO NOKUFUNDA

ReasearchGate