Moto, inhalation yeutsi uye kupisa: zviratidzo, zviratidzo, mutemo wepfumbamwe
Moto ndicho chikonzero chakakosha chekukuvara, rufu uye kukanganisa kwehupfumi. Kusvuta inhalation-induced kukuvadzwa kunotungamira kukuwedzera kunoshamisa kwekufa muvarwere vakatsva: mune izvi zviitiko, kukuvara kwekufema kweutsi kunowedzerwa mukupisa kukuvadzwa, nemhedzisiro inouraya.
Zviratidzo, zviratidzo uye kuongororwa mune vakawirwa nemoto
Kuwedzera kwehurwere uye kufa kunoenderana nekukuvara kwekufema muvarwere vanopisa kunoda kuti vazivikanwe nekukurumidza uye kurapwa.
Rapid clinical test, fibreoptic bronchoscopy, chest X-ray, haemogasanalysis, ECG uye haemodynamic monitoring ndiwo matanho anokosha mukuongorora.
Kutariswa kwakasimba kwemurwere nenzira idzi kunobvumira chiito chakakodzera panguva uye chakakodzera kana zvichidikanwa.
Zvimwe zvakakosha zvinogona kubatsira pakuongorora uye kurapwa kwekutanga kwevakabatwa nemoto vanenge vafemesa hutsi.
Nhoroondo yakanaka yekusangana kune yakavharirwa, inopfungaira zvakanyanya nharaunda inofanira kutungamirira munhu kufungidzira kukuvara kwekufema, kunyangwe pasina zviratidzo zvekiriniki zvakajeka.
Mamiriro ekusaziva anofanira kuita kuti asphyxia uye/kana carbon monoxide (CO) uye cyanide (RCN) iite chepfu.
Chiratidzo chekare che cherry-tsvuku ganda reganda muzviitiko zveCO chepfu haina kuvimbika pachayo.
FIRST AID: SHANYIRA DMC DINAS MEDICAL CONSULTANTS BOOTH PAEMERGENCY EXPO
Oximetry muyedzo wakakosha wekuongororwa kweCO kudhakwa, zvisinei, mazinga eHbco akaderera haasanganisi mukana wekukuvara kwakakosha kwemapapu muchikamu chepakati uye chekupedzisira mushure mekutsva.
Pulse oximetry ndiyo yechishanu yakakosha parameter mukutarisa varwere vakaoma, zvisinei, SpO2 haina kunyatsoratidza Hbo concentrations muvarwere vane CO poisoning nokuti oxyhaemoglobin neHbco vane chiedza chakafanana chekutora chiedza, saka, maitiro eSpO2 achakwidziridzwa zvenhema kune varwere vane CO poisoning. .
Pulse oximetry inoratidza kubatsira chete mukupisa varwere vane pedyo-yakajairika Hbco kukosha.
Kupisa kwechiso, kutsva kwezvibrissae, buccal uye laryngeal edema, tsvina yakatsva mumhepo uye sputum inoratidza kukuvara kwekufema, asi kusavapo kwavo hakuregi.
Kuvapo kwezvimedu zvakatsva musputum, iyo inoonekwawo sechiratidzo chakaoma kwazvo chekufema utsi, inogona kusaonekwa kwemaawa 8-24, uye inongoitika munenge 40% yezvidzidzo zvine kukuvara kwemapapu.
Laryngeal stridor, hoarseness, slurred speech uye thoracic retractions zvinoratidza kuvapo kwepamusoro pemhepo yemhepo uye kudiwa kwekunyatsoongorora izvi.
Laryngoscopy uye fibreoptic bronchoscopy inobatsira zvikuru kune zvose kutsvaga kwepamusoro maronda emhepo uye kubviswa kwemate akawandisa nemarara angave aripo.
Kuonekwa kwekukosora, dyspnoea, tachypnoea, cyanosis, kuridza muridzo, kufema kana rhonchi kunoratidza kukuvara kwakanyanya kwekufema.
An electrocardiogram (ECG) inowanzoratidza tachycardia uye inogonawo kuratidza zviratidzo zvechirwere chemwoyo che ischemic.
KUGADZIRA DZIMWE DZIMWE DZIMWE DZIMWE MOTO:
Chifuva X-ray test kazhinji hairatidzi zviratidzo zvekukuvara kwekufema
Chidzidzo che scintigraphic chakaitwa mushure mejekiseni remutsinga wexenon-133 chinoratidza kukuvara kudiki kwemhepo kana kubviswa zvachose kweisotopu kusingaitike mukati me90 masekonzi.
Nehurombo, hazvishande kuita bvunzo iyi muchikamu chekutanga chekurapa.
Spirometry yakaratidza kubatsira pakuona diki nzira yemhepo uye yekumusoro mhepo maronda.
Ose ari maviri epamusoro ekuyerera kwekufema uye kumanikidzwa kufema mwero pa50% yekumanikidzwa kwakakosha simba zvakaderedzwa zvakanyanya.
Kushanda kweiyi nzira, zvisinei, kunongogumira kune avo varwere vanogona kuita mirairo yemuongorori uye kuita kufema kwakakwana.
Arterial blood gas analysis (ABG) inobatsira zvikuru pakuongorora kuoma uye kufambira mberi kwekukuvara kwemapapu.
Kuderedzwa kwePaO2 uye kuwedzera kweP (Aa) O2 (yakakura kupfuura 300), kana kuderedzwa kwechikamu chePaO2/FiO2 (chisingasviki 350), zviratidzo zvinoshanda uye zvinonzwisisika zvekutadza kufema basa.
Alkalosis yekufema inowanzoitika munguva inotevera mushure mekutsva uye inowanzoenderera mberi nechikamu che hypermetabolic.
Kufema acidosis kunoratidza kutadza kufema uye kunowanzobatanidzwa ne hypoxaemia yakaoma.
Asphyxiation, yakakwirira Hbco mazinga (pamusoro makumi mana), chepfu yeHCN uye kuderera kwemoyo wemoyo zvinhu zvese zvinogona kutungamira kune yakanyanya metabolic acidosis.
Electrocardiogram (ECG) uye haemodynamic monitoring yakakosha kune varwere vane chechitatu-degree kutsva kunowedzera kupfuura 10 muzana yemuviri wepamusoro, ingave yakabatana kana isina kubatanidzwa nekukuvara kwekufema.
Mukupisa kwakanyanya, kunyanya izvo zvakaomeswa nekukuvara kwekufema, pulmonary arterial pressure, kubuda kwemoyo uye zvimwe zvinosiyana zvehaemodynamic zvinogona kutariswa kuti zvigadzirise infusion yemvura panguva yekumutsiridza, kudzivirira hypotension, renal kutadza uye kuwandisa kwemvura.
DZIMWE DZIMWE DZIMWE DZIMWE DZIMWE VANODZIMA MOTO: SHANYIRA KUSVIRA KWEMAHARA
Moto unopisa, mutemo wepfumbamwe
Kuongororwa kwekukuvara kweganda kunoitwa kuburikidza nekuongororwa kwemuviri, kuyerwa kwehuremu hwemuviri (kutevera kuenzana kwemvura) uye kutsunga kwehukuru hwemuviri wakatsva.
Iyo yekupedzisira inogona kuverengerwa kuverengerwa, kushandisa iyo inonzi mutemo wepfumbamwe, mushure mekuona dhigirii yekubatanidzwa kwemusoro, mberi uye kumashure kwehunde nemakumbo.
Mukutonga kwevapfumbamwe, mumunhu mukuru, nzvimbo imwe neimwe yeanatomical inomiririra inenge 4.5% kana 9% kana 18% yehuwandu hwemuviri.
Hudzamu hwekutsva hunoongororwa pahwaro hwekuonekwa kwekiriniki, nguva dzose uchichengeta iyi ruzivo rupfupi mupfungwa:
- dhigirii rekutanga kupisa: Kupisa kune epithelium, kuratidza se erythema uye kurwadziwa;
- dhigirii rechipiri kupisa: Kupisa kwe epidermis uye dermis, kuratidza ne erythema, blistering uye kurwadziwa.
- chechitatu-dhigirii kupisa: Kupisa kunoparadza ganda kusvika kuhypodermis kana mukati me hypodermis uye kunoratidzwa neyakacheneruka kana greyish-brownish kushanduka kwenzvimbo yakakanganisika, iyo isingarwadzi, nekuda kwekuparadzwa kwakakwana kwenhengo dzese dzekunzwa mu skin.
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