Ubukhulu, izisulu kanye nemiphumela yezehlakalo ezintathu ezishaqise umhlaba

Kuzo zonke izinhlekelele ezingenzeka emhlabeni wonke, akumelwe nanini sikhohlwe umphumela omkhulu ukuzamazama komhlaba ungaba nayo. Iza ngezinguqulo ezimbili, futhi kokubili kungaba yingozi kakhulu. Okunquma ngokucacile ubukhali balezi zinhlekelele izikali, kusukela ku-Richter yakudala kuya kulezo ezichazwa ngokuthi 'ngaso leso sikhathi' noma ezibonwa amathuluzi asheshayo. Phakathi neminyaka eminingi yeplanethi yethu, siye sabona ukuzamazama komhlaba okulimaza ngendlela emangalisayo.

Ngakho-ke ake sibheke okunye okuhle kakhulu okubi kakhulu esingakukhumbula namuhla.

Ukuzamazama komhlaba eChile, ubukhulu 9.5

Siqala ngokuzamazama komhlaba okwabhubhisa ngokuphelele eChile ngoMeyi 1960. Ukuzamazama komhlaba kwabulala i-1655 futhi kwalimaza abangu-3000, ngokufuduka kwabantu abaningi abangaba izigidi ezimbili. Uma kubhekwa iminyaka yokuzamazama komhlaba, HEMS amayunithi ayengeke asetshenziswe ngaleso sikhathi: okungenani ngenxa yokuthi lokhu kuzamazama komhlaba nakho kwabangela i-tsunami, eyathatha izisulu zayo eJapane kanye naseHawaii. Ngemva kwalokhu, intaba-mlilo yasePuyehue yaqhuma, yathumela uthuli nomlotha okungenani amakhilomitha angu-6 ukuphakama. Ngokuqinisekile lena enye yezinhlekelele ezimbi kakhulu ezihlobene nokuzamazama komhlaba ezake zabikwa.

Ukuzamazama komhlaba kwe-Sendai, ubukhulu be-9.0

Okunye ukuzamazama komhlaba okukhulu ngo-2011, okukhunjulwa ukuqina kanye nesizinda sakhona, yilokho okuzwakala eSendai - Japan. Nakuba inamandla kuneChile, ayinakubukelwa phansi nakancane ngenxa yezisulu eyayizisho endleleni yayo: nokuzamazama komhlaba okuningana okulandela okuyinhloko, kwakhululwa nama-tsunami amaningana. Imishini yenuzi eseduze yavalwa noma ancishiswa amandla azo, okubangela ukwethuka nezinye izenzakalo ezimangalisayo. Sebebonke, kube nokufa kwabantu abangaphezu kuka-10,000 kanye nomonakalo oyizigidi nezigidi. Lo mcimbi uphinde waba nomthelela omkhulu engcupheni ye-hydrogeological yezwe, edlange kakhulu namuhla.

Ukuzamazama komhlaba kwe-Assam, ubukhulu be-8.6

Okunye ukuzamazama komhlaba ngeshwa okukhumbulekayo yilokhu okuse-Assam, eTibet. Kwenzeka phakathi nawo-1950, lesi senzakalo saphumela ekufeni kwabantu abangaba ngu-780, nakuba kuthiwa baningi abantu abafa ngempela. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukudilika kwenhlabathi okuphindaphindiwe kwenzeke endaweni, kwathinta amadolobhana amaningi kanye nemigwaqo evame ukusetshenziswa yizo zonke izinhlobo zezokuthutha. Imiphumela yokuzamazama komhlaba nayo yazwakala ngokuhamba amabanga amade, okwenza ukuba kungenzeki ukufika kwanoma iyiphi imoto yezimo eziphuthumayo.

Nakuba lezi kuyizibonelo ezintathu kuphela, nokho zibaluleke kakhulu: zikhomba ukuthi ukuzamazama komhlaba kungaba kanjani - ngemvelo yakho - kuceke ngendlela emangalisayo.