Ngabe sikhona isisombululo sale nkinga yamanzi? Amanzi ayimpilo, kepha kwezinye izikhathi ingaba yisitha kithi.

Amanye amazwe abhekana nezikhukhula eziyingozi, kanti ezinye zomile ngenxa yomhlabathi owomile. Ngakho-ke, ukuphatha nokusabalalisa amanzi ngendlela efanele ubani? Indaba yokuthuthukiswa kokusatshalaliswa kwamanzi e-Kyrgyzstan.

Usuku Lomhlaba Wamanzi unomgomo ozinzile: amanzi ahlanzekile ahlanzekile kubo bonke ngaphakathi kwe-2030. Lokhu kuyinjongo efanelekile, kodwa akulula ukuthi kufinyeleleke kalula. Inkinga yamanzi icishe ifinyelele kuzo zonke izingxenye zomhlaba futhi izindawo eziningi ziba nzima kakhulu.

Ukuthuthukiswa kokusatshalaliswa kwamanzi: singasiguqula kanjani isimo esibucayi sibe yithuba?

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunezinye izingxenye zomhlaba ezivame ukushaywa amandla izikhukhula ezibhubhisa yonke imizi futhi ziphoqe izinkulungwane zabantu ukuba zihambe. Kodwa ezimweni ezinjengalezi, ukutholakala kwamanzi kunciphise kakhulu, uma kungenjalo. Ukuvikelwa komphakathi futhi Amaqembu okuhlenga emhlabeni jikelele abizwa ukusiza abantu ababhekane nale nkinga.

Umsebenzi wethu manje kumele ube nguwe ukusindisa kwamanzi ngezidingo zethu ngaphandle kokuthatha kalula. Ngoba ngelinye ilanga, lesi simo esinzima singaba impilo yethu yansuku zonke.

Sethemba ukuthi inhloso yezwe elinamanzi ahlanzekile futhi ahlanzekile wonke angafinyelelwa maduze, sikutshela indaba elandelayo yeBhange LaseYurophu Yokwakhiwa kabusha Nentuthuko mayelana ne ukuthuthukiswa kwamanzi kwelinye lendawo enhle kunazo zonke kodwa enzima: Kyrgyzstan.

Ngakhulela eBishkek, inhloko-dolobha ye- I-Kyrgyz Republic, futhi nginenhlanhla yokuhlala endaweni engakaze ihlangabezane nezinkinga zokufinyelela kwamanzi ahlanzekile nokuhlanzeka. Ngesikhathi ngiseyingane, ngangivame ukuphuza amanzi okupompi njengoba ngangiqiniseka ukuthi ihlanzekile.

Noma kunjalo ngavakashela izindawo eziningi ezikude zezwe lapho abantu bengenakho ukufinyelela kwamanzi, bangabi namanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile kanye nezindawo zokuhlanza amanzi.

Ukuntuleka kokufinyelela kwamanzi aphephile nokuhlanzeka kuyinkinga yokucindezela ezweni lami. Lithinta zonke izici zokuphila kwansuku zonke, kusukela lapho umuntu evuka kuze kube yilapho omunye elala.

Ukuhlanzeka komuntu siqu, ukuphepha kwemvelo, ukudla kanye nemisebenzi yasendlini zithinteka ukungabi namanzi ekhaya, ezikoleni namahhovisi.

Ngokwesibonelo, eBatken, idolobha eliseningizimu, abantu bangathola amanzi kuphela kuze kube semini. Bayithwala ekhaya amaphampu amanzi omphakathi njengoba bengenawo amapayipi amanzi emakhaya abo. Ngesikhathi laba bantu abadala besebenza, lokhu kusebenza kushiyelwe ezinganeni zabo emgqeni isikhathi eside futhi kuthwala iziqukathi zamanzi amakhulu.

Ingqalasizinda engakapheli isikhathi esingaphansi kanye nokuphathwa kwamanzi okungalungile kuseyinkinga enkulu. Ngokusho kwe-UNICEF, ngaphezu kwe-36 kwezingxenye zezikole zaseKyrgyz Republic azikho ukutholakala kwamanzi ngaphakathi kwemingcele yesikole kanti izingane ezingu-91.8 ezingamaphesenti ziqinisekisile ukuthi zigeza izandla kaningi ekhaya ngaphandle esikoleni.

Yingakho ke, Ngosuku lweMhlaba Wamanzi, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi imithombo yamanzi eyigugu nezinsizakalo ziyiziphi, ngisho nakwamanye amazwe awathatha kalula.

Ngaqala ukusebenzela i-EBRD izinyanga ezimbalwa ezedlule. Kodwa iqiniso lokuthi abaqashi bami, kanye nabalingani babo njenge-European Union, benza ingxenye yabo ukugcina izinsiza zamanzi nokuthuthukisa ukufinyelela kwamanzi kubaluleke kakhulu kimi.

Njengoba i Ummeleli oPhakeme we-European Union weNdaba Yezangaphandle Nezokuphepha, UFederica Mogherini, uthi: "Ukufinyelela kwamanzi okuphuza okuphephile kuyilungelo eliyisisekelo kodwa kuseyinselele ezindaweni eziningi zomhlaba. Ngosuku lweMhlaba Wamanzi, i-European Union iqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izifundazwe zilindeleke ukuba zifeze izibopho zazo ngokuphathelene nokufinyelela kwamanzi aphuzayo okuphuza, okumele kutholakale, afinyeleleke, aphephile, ayamukelekayo futhi angabizi kakhulu kubo bonke ngaphandle kokucwaswa, futhi ukhumbula ukuthi ilungelo lokuphuza okuphephile Amanzi yililungelo lomuntu elibalulekile ekujabuleleni ngokugcwele impilo kanye nawo wonke amalungelo abantu. "

Ngingaba umshayeli we-EBRD kodwa ngiyazi ukuthi iBhange lisayine iphrojekthi yayo yokuqala yamanzi okuhloswe ngayo ekuthuthukiseni ukunikezwa kwamanzi okuphuza edolobheni laseBishkek eminyakeni eyishumi eyedlule.

Inani lamaphrojekthi emkhakheni wamanzi lapha usukhuphukele ku-19, futhi inani lemali yokutshala imali selifinyelele ngaphezulu kwezingu-€ 153 million (okungu-€ 74.95 million izibonelelo) kanye no-€ 20 wezigidi ekusizeni kwezobuchwepheshe.

Lezi zinxephezelo zanikezwa ngabanikeli abakhulu, njenge-EU, i-Secretariat State of the Economic Affairs (SECO) kanye ne-Global Environment Facility futhi asetshenziselwe ukwenza ukutshalwa kwezimali kwenzeke futhi uqhubeke nokukwazi ukudluliswa.

Nasi isibonelo esisodwa salokhu okushiwo phansi. I-Kant, umasipala wabantu abangaphezu kwe-22,000, ingamakhilomitha angu-20 empumalanga yeBishkek. Ukunikezwa kwamanzi kwakungukudala futhi kuvele ukuvuza nokuvuza. I-EBRD ne-SECO initshalise imali engu-€ 6.3 million ekuvuseleleni uhlelo lwamanzi kusukela ngo-2013 kanye nohlelo lokuqala lokwenza umsebenzi lusekelwa yi-EU.

"Ekupheleni konyaka, abantu baseKant bazobe bengenakuvinjelwa ukufinyelela kwamanzi. Esikhathini esedlule, kwakudingeka senze umsebenzi omkhulu wokulungisa futhi abantu babengathokozi ngalesi simo. Manje, sifaka inethiwekhi yokusabalalisa futhi sithuthukisa amanzi namanzi angcolile. Ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi kuyonqunywa kuze kufike ku-80 ngamaphesenti futhi lokhu kuwumphumela omuhle kakhulu, "kusho u-Erkin Abdrahmanov, onodolobha.

Ku-2019, i-EBRD ihlela ukwenza okwengeziwe ukusekela amaphrojekthi okuhlinzeka ngamanzi emadolobheni amancane afana neKerben, Isfana noNookat.

Futhi sisebenzela ukulondoloza imithombo yamanzi ekungcoliswa yizimoto zama-uranium ezishiywa yiSoviet-era ngokusekelwa i-Akhawunti Yokulungiswa Kwemvelo ye-Asia Ephakathi (exhasiwe yi-EU, iU.SA, iSwitzerland, iBelgium neNorway).

Ngiyaziqhenya kakhulu ngokudlala ingxenye encane kulo mzamo wamazwe omhlaba wokuthuthukisa ukufinyelela kwamanzi ezweni lokuzalwa kwami.