Ƙimar hanyar iska ta asali: bayyani

By Cristiano Antonino On Jul 20, 2022

Mahimman ƙima na kowane majiyyaci, "ABC's" yana farawa da hanyar iska, hanyar iska mai rikitarwa ita ce ɗayan mafi saurin kisa a cikin duk magunguna, yin ingantaccen kima fifiko.

Wannan sashe zai sake nazarin kimar mara lafiyar mara lafiya, mara lafiya mai amsawa, da kuma wasu yanayi na musamman waɗanda ke canza tsarin gudanarwa na yau da kullun.

Ƙimar hanyar iska: mara lafiyar mara lafiya

Ya kamata marasa lafiya da ba su da amsa ya kamata a buɗe hanyar iska kuma a kiyaye su da hannu.

Hanyoyin raunin da ba su da haɗari ya kamata su haifar da amfani da fasaha na karkatar da kai da ƙwanƙwasa.

Yayin da marasa lafiya tare da raunin da ya faru na Traumatic wanda zai iya yin sulhu da C-spine yana iyakance ga fasaha na muƙamuƙi.

Wannan yana hana yuwuwar tabarbarewar rashin kwanciyar hankali kashin baya rauni.

Idan ba za a iya kiyaye hanyar iska ba tare da muƙamuƙi a cikin majinyacin rauni na kashin baya, yana da kyau a yi a hankali yin motsin ƙwanƙwasa da hannu kuma riƙe daidaitawar C-spine da hannu tare da karkatar da kai.

Ana ba da izinin wannan saboda rashin jin daɗin hanyar iska kasancewar ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan rayuwa.

MATSAYIN JIHAR JIRGIN SAMA:

Iyakar cikakkiyar ma'auni na matsayi na iska a cikin marasa lafiya marasa jin dadi shine motsi na iska.

Ganin yadudduka a cikin abin rufe fuska na iskar oxygen, jin motsin iska, da amfani da na'urori na CO2 na ƙarshe duk hanyoyi ne masu kyau na tabbatar da samun iska.

HANYAR JIRGIN SAMA, ALAMOMIN HADARI:

Ƙunƙara, gurguntsuwa, shaƙewa, da tari duk alamu ne masu yuwuwa na rikice-rikicen hanyoyin iska a cikin marasa lafiya marasa hankali.

Idan waɗannan suna faruwa zai zama hikima a sake mayar da majiyyaci ko la'akari da abubuwan da suka shafi hanyar iska.

Kimanta Jirgin Sama: Marasa lafiya Mai Amsa

Mafi kyawun alamar patency na iska a cikin majinyata masu amsawa shine ikon riƙe zance ba tare da canje-canje a cikin murya ko jin rashin numfashi ba.

Duk da haka, hanyar iska ta majiyyaci na iya kasancewa cikin haɗari ko da suna tattaunawa.

Kasashen waje ko abubuwa a cikin baki na iya lalata hanyar iska a wani lokaci kuma dole ne a cire su.

CIWON JIKIN WAJE:

Hanyoyi don cire jikin waje ko abubuwa shine share yatsa da tsotsa.

Ana amfani da share yatsa ne kawai lokacin da aka hango wani abu mai ƙarfi kai tsaye kuma ana amfani da tsotsa lokacin da aka ga ruwa ko ake zarginsa.

Stridor alama ce ta gama gari ta kunkuntar hanyar iska, gabaɗaya saboda toshewar wani yanki na jikin waje, kumburi, ko rauni.

An bayyana shi azaman babban sautin busawa akan wahayi.

Yawan Numfashi

Yawan numfashi muhimmin bangare ne na binciken farko.

Yayin da ake la'akari da wani ɓangare na "B" a cikin "ABC's" yawanci ana kimanta ƙimar numfashi a lokaci guda da hanyar iska.

Matsakaicin adadin barci na manya na yau da kullun shine numfashi 12 zuwa 20 a minti daya (BPM).

Numfasawa a hankali (bradypnea), da sauri (tachypnea), ko a'a (apnea) duk ana yawan fuskantar yanayi a filin.

BRADYPNEA:

Jinkirin RR gabaɗaya shine sakamakon sasantawar jijiyoyin jiki, tunda RR yana da iko sosai ta hanyar hypothalamus wannan gabaɗaya alama ce ta yanayi mai tsanani.

Abubuwan da ake zargi da wuce gona da iri na miyagun ƙwayoyi, rauni na kashin baya, raunin kwakwalwa, ko yanayin rashin lafiya mai tsanani lokacin fuskantar RR a hankali.

TACHYPNEA:

Saurin RR shine yawanci sakamakon motsa jiki. Rashin lafiya da kuma toshewar hanyar iska wasu dalilai ne na yau da kullun.

Tachypnea na iya haifar da rashin daidaituwa a cikin yanayin acid-tushe na jiki ko gajiyawar tsokoki na numfashi.

APNEA:

Ya kamata a bi da rashin numfashi tare da sake kimanta hanyar iska ta biyo baya da sauri na isar da iskar injuna, gabaɗaya ta hanyar abin rufe fuska na jakar bawul.

Ya kamata a kula da marasa lafiya da ke haki lokaci-lokaci a matsayin mai ban tsoro har sai an tabbatar da haka.

Kulawar Jirgin Sama

Numfashin da ba na al'ada yakamata a kula dashi.

Ma'anar rashin al'ada yana da faɗi, nemi waɗannan:

Ƙirji marar zurfi ya tashi da faɗuwa
Numfashi mai surutu (gurgling, huezing, snoring)
Wahalar numfashi (amfani da tsokoki a cikin wuyansa/haƙarƙari/ciki, kumburin hanci, ko matsayi uku.)

Gudanar da numfashi mara kyau yana faruwa a cikin matakai masu zuwa:

(A mafi yawan lokuta gudanarwa za ta ƙunshi sake dubawa na yau da kullum na hanyar iska da kuma kula da iskar oxygen har sai an canja wurin zuwa babban matakin kulawa.)

bude hanyar iska
kimantawa don patency (gudanar iska da kasancewar toshewa)
gudanar da iskar oxygen ta hanci cannula ko abin rufe fuska

Taimakawa numfashi tare da BVM idan mai haƙuri bai amsa ba ko kuma idan fata ta kasance shuɗi (cyanotic)

Musamman Musamman

Marasa lafiya na yara da marasa lafiya na geriatric suna da buƙatu daban-daban na iskar oxygen idan aka kwatanta da matsakaitan manya masu shekaru.

Wannan yana haifar da bambance-bambance a dabi'u na al'ada don ƙimar numfashi, zurfin, da inganci.

CIWON FARUWA:

Marasa lafiyan yara suna numfashi da sauri fiye da manya masu matsakaicin shekaru amma suna da ƙarancin girma ga kowane numfashi.

Matsakaicin adadin numfashin da ake tsammanin ya bambanta sosai da shekaru.

Ku sani cewa jarirai ya kamata su kasance a 30 zuwa 50 na dare, kuma yara masu watanni daya zuwa shekaru 12 su kasance tsakanin 30 zuwa 20.

Marasa lafiya na yara tare da numfashi mara kyau na iya raguwa da sauri kuma su zama masu barazanar rayuwa tare da ɗan gargaɗi kaɗan.

GERIATRIC:

Marasa lafiya na Geriatric yawanci suna da ƙarin buƙatun iskar oxygen da aka ba da aikin huhu yana raguwa ta dabi'a da kasancewar al'amuran kiwon lafiya na yau da kullun.

Wannan yana haifar da fa'ida ta al'ada.

Marasa lafiya tsofaffi masu lafiya yakamata su kasance a cikin adadin 12 zuwa 18, yayin da marasa lafiya marasa lafiya zasu iya kaiwa 25 kuma har yanzu ana ɗaukar su al'ada idan ba haka ba asymptomatic.

Kamar marasa lafiya na yara, majiyyaci dattijo mai ƙarancin numfashi na iya raguwa da sauri ko da da alama ba shi da ƙarfi.