Kusiyana pakati petracheotomy uye tracheostomy

By Cristiano Antonino On Jun 16, 2022

Tracheotomy mundima yezvokurapa inoreva nzira yekuvhiya inoratidzwa nekuvhiya kucheka kwetrachea, nechinangwa chekugadzira imwe nzira yemhepo mumutsipa wemurwere kuenda kumuromo chaiwo / mhino.

Tracheostomy munharaunda yekurapa inoreva nzira yekuvhiya inoshandiswa kugadzira kuvhurika (kana stoma) mudumbu. mutsipa, pamwero wetrachea.

Izvi zvinoitwa nekubatanidza micheto yeganda rekucheka, rakagadzirwa mumutsipa, kune tracheal tube.

Kana maburi maviri acho angobatanidzwa, kachubhu kadiki, kanonzi tracheostomy cannula, inopinzwa, iyo inobvumira mweya kuti upiwe mumapapu uye kufema.

Tracheostomy inowanzova mushonga unogara kwenguva refu.

Tracheotomy uye tracheostomy: kwenguva pfupi kana zvachose?

Muzviitiko zvese izvi, zviri pachena kuti chinangwa chakajairika uye ndechekubvumira kufema muvanhu, avo nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana - zvenguva pfupi kana zvachose - havagone kufema physiologically.

Nekudaro, iwo mazwi maviri haana kufanana uye anoratidza maitiro akasiyana, anoshandiswa mune akasiyana pathologies uye mamiriro, kunyangwe mune dzimwe nguva anopindirana.

Tracheotomy inosanganisira kusikwa kwekuvhura kwekanguva-kwenguva mu trachea, inoitwa necheka nyore mumutsipa umo chubhu inopinzwa kuti mweya upfuure; tracheostomy, kune rumwe rutivi, inowanzo (asi kwete hazvo) zvachose uye inosanganisira kuchinjwa kwetracheal turakiti.

Tracheotomy: inoitwa riini?

Kuvhiya uku kunoitwa mumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana, semuenzaniso:

nguva dzose muvarwere vanoda endotracheal intubation kwenguva inowanzoreba kupfuura vhiki (eg coma yakareba);
pakutanga kwekuvhiyiwa kwemusoro nemutsipa kunoita kuti intubation kuburikidza nemuromo isagone;
munguva dzekukurumidzira, muchiitiko chekuvharira kwepamusoro kwemhepo kunodzivirira kufema kwakajairika.

Panopera intubation, kuvhiyiwa uye emergency, tracheotomy inobviswa, kunze kwekunge ichikosha nekuda kwezvikonzero zvisingatarisirwi.

Tracheostomy: inoitwa riini uye isingagare riini?

Tracheostomy inowanzoitwa semushonga usingaperi mumamiriro ese (akakomba kana asina-yakakomba) umo kudzoreredza kweyakajairika simba rekufema hazvitarisirwe.

Mamiriro ezvinhu ekushandiswa kwetracheostomy ndeaya:

muzviitiko zvekushaya simba kwekufema (kana ictu, coma, paralysis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple sclerosis, nezvimwewo)
muchiitiko chekuvhara / kuvharwa kwepamusoro pemhepo (eg kubva kukenza yelaryngeal);
muchiitiko chekuunganidza kwemvura mukati memhepo yakadzika uye mumapapu (kana chiitiko chekutambudzika, utachiona hwakanyanya kana zvirwere zvinodzivirira kukosora, zvakadai se Musipinha tsandanyama atrophy)

Apo chirwere chekufema chinowedzera nguva asi chichirapwa, tracheostomy inogona kumirira mhinduro yenguva pfupi, asi yenguva yakadzikama, inoshandiswa pakumirira murwere kuti apore: kana chirwere chacho chapora, tracheostomy inogona kubviswa.