26 April 1986 - I-Reactor 4 we I-Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant yaqhuma. Inhlekelele yaseChernobyl idale ukukhululwa okukhulu kwe izinhlayiya zomsakazo emkhathini nakwezinye izisulu, phakathi kwazo kufanele sicabange futhi nabasindile ababhekene nezifo ezimbi kakhulu.

Konke kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okwenziwe ubusuku phakathi kuka-25th no-26th Ephreli, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulungiswa kwabasebenzi nokuphikiswa kwesitshalo. Kodwa kukhona okungahambanga kahle. Ukushisa ngaphakathi kwe-reactor kwanda ngokushesha futhi isimo asizange silawulwe. I Ukuqhuma kwakungenakugwemeka.

Owokuqala ukufika esitshaleni ngemuva kwalesi sigameko abacimi bomlilo, abangakaze baxwayiswe ngengozi abazobe beyiyo. Ngemuva kwemizuzu yokuqala yokuqala ye-30, baqala ukuhlushwa izifo ezahlukene, futhi cishe bonke bafa ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa.

Lokho kuqhuma kanye nomlilo olandelanayo, kukhishwe okuningi izinhlayiya zomsakazo emkhathini, okwasakazekela entshonalanga ye-USSR naseYurophu. Futhi ezinsukwini ngemuva komlilo, i-radioactivity yaqhubeka iphuma ku-reactor, ngakho-ke banquma ukumboza i- "inyawo lezindlovu" (inqwaba eyakhiwe ngesihlabathi esincibilikile, ukhonkolo nenani elikhulu likaphethiloli wenuzi elalibalekile kusiphenduli) ngesakhiwo sokuqukatha esibizwa nge- sarcophagus.

 

Amaqhawe enhlekeleleni yeChernobyl: ama-Liquidators

Impi yokuqukethe ukungcola nokugwema inhlekelele enkulu ekugcineni ihileleke kwabasebenzi be-500,000 futhi ibiza ama-ruble angu-18 billion. Phakathi nengozi ngokwayo, Abantu abangu-31 bafa, nemiphumela yesikhathi eside efana namanomdlavuza asaphenywa.

Abacimi bomlilo nabavolontiya abakhethe ukusiza ukucima umlilo ngaphakathi kwe-reactor futhi balandela iziphathimandla iziqondiso I-Chernobyl Izimila. Abaningi babo bafa. Bonke abanye baqhubeka bebhekana nezifo ezingavamile kanye nohulumeni wamanje nezinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe abavame ukubona ukuxhumana phakathi kwalezi zifo nokutholakala kwemisebe yeChernobyl.

I-97% yabakwa-liquidators babengamadoda, ama-3% ayengabesifazane. Ngaphandle kwama-liquidators e-700,000, kuphela i-284,000 enamarekhodi e-USSR National Register, anezirekhodi ezisemthethweni zomthamo we-radiation abawutholile. Abaningi bamakhemikhali bavela e-Ukraine naseRussia. Mayelana ne-50% yabakhiqizi (48%) bangena endaweni yeChernobyl ku-1986. Ngalesi sikhathi iningi lama-liquidators liphakathi kwe-50 neminyaka engu-60 ubudala. [Umthombo]

ULeonid Telyatnikov wayehola phambili abacimi bomlilo bacibishela umlilo Ubusuku benhlekelele futhi naphezu kwengozi yokuvezwa komsakazo, bebengazi ukuthi kwenzekani ngempela, ngakho-ke bafika lapho ngaphandle kwelungelo imishini. Babengenayo ama-radiation suits, cha ukuphefumula, futhi cha ukusebenza i-dosimeters.

UVladimir Pavlovich Pravik wayengaphansi kukaLeonid nobusuku benhlekelele eyayiyiminyaka eyi-24. Ukuvezwa kwezinhlayiya ze-radioactive kwaba yingozi yangempela kuye. Ngesikhathi sokuthumela ku Isibhedlela saseMoscow I-6 (lapho iChernobyl izisulu zokuqala zalethwa khona), odokotela bamemezela ukuthi ngokusebenzisa i-microscope, kwakungenakwenzeka ukuthola umbono ofanele ngezinhlanzi zenhliziyo yabo. I-nuclei yamangqamuzana yayisungule amaqoqo futhi kwakunezingcezu zezicubu zomzimba. Lokhu kwaba nomthelela oqondile wemisebe ye-ioni esikhundleni sezinguquko zesimanje eziphilayo. Ukulondoloza lezi ziguli akunakwenzeka.

Abanye abaningi banikele ekunciphiseni imiphumela yale nhlekelele eyabangela umhlaba wonke iminyaka. Abanye babo bafa, kodwa abanye abaningi babhekene nezifo ezimbi nezifo ezingasoze zakhululeka. Lawa angamaqhawe eqiniso eChernobyl.

FUNDA OKWENGEZIWE:

I-Chernobyl, umlilo wenza imisebe yanda endaweni engafakwa kuyo. Izicishamlilo emsebenzini

Ungaphendula kanjani kwizigameko ze-CBRNE?

Ngo-9 Julayi 1937: ukungena kwezicishamlilo zaseLittle Ferry ngesikhathi somlilo odumile weVault Fire endaweni yokugcina engu-20 Century-Fox

I-Chernobyl, Ukukhumbula Abavukuzi Bamaqhawe Nama Heroes Akhohlwayo

 

SOURCE

Inhlekelele yaseChernobyl

Ukumaka iminyaka engama-30 yenhlekelele yeChernobyl ngamanani: Cishe ama-600,000 we-liquidators, ama- $ 2 billion nokufa okungenakubalwa

Iminyaka engama-30 Selokhu Yenzeka Inhlekelele YeChernobyl, Amazinga Emisebe Aphakeme Kunangaphambili, Futhi Akekho owaziyo ukuthi Kungani