I-HEMS ne-MEDEVAC: Imithelela Ye-Anatomic Yendiza
Izingcindezi ezingokwengqondo nezomzimba zendiza zinemiphumela eminingi ezigulini nakubahlinzeki. Lesi sigaba sizobuyekeza izingcindezi eziyinhloko ezingokwengqondo nezingokomzimba ezivamile ekundizeni futhi sinikeze amasu abalulekile okusebenza ngokuzungezile nangokuwasebenzisa
Ama-Environmental Stressors endizeni
Ukuncipha kwengcindezi yengxenye yomoya-mpilo, izinguquko zengcindezi ye-barometric, ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, ukudlidliza, nomsindo izingcindezi ezimbalwa nje ezivela endizeni.
Umthelela uvame kakhulu ngendiza ene-rotor-wing kunendiza enamaphiko angashintshi. Kusukela ngaphambi kokundiza kuya ngemva kokuhlala phansi, imizimba yethu icindezeleka kakhulu kunalokho esikuqaphelayo.
Yebo, uzwa leso siyaluyalu njengoba ukhuphuka ngaphezu kommango noma uwela umgwaqo wamanzi.
Noma kunjalo, yizicindezelo esingakucabangi kakhulu lokho, uma kuhlanganiswe ndawonye, kungenza umthelela omkhulu hhayi nje emzimbeni wakho kodwa emakhonweni akho okuqonda nokucabanga okujulile.
Okulandelayo Izici Eziyinhloko Zendiza:
- Izinguquko ezishisayo zihlala zenzeka emithini yendiza. Amazinga okushisa aqandayo kanye nokushisa okukhulu kungakhokhisa umzimba futhi kwandise isidingo somoya-mpilo. Kuwo wonke amamitha angu-100 (330ft) okwandayo kokuphakama, kuba khona ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa ngo-1 degree Celsius.
- Ukudlidliza kubeka ukucindezeleka okwengeziwe emzimbeni, okungabangela ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa lomzimba nokukhathala.
- Umswakama onciphile ukhona njengoba usuka endaweni yomhlaba. Ukuphakama kokuphakama, kuba nomswakama omncane emoyeni, okuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kubangele ukuqhekeka kolwelwesi lwamafinyila, izindebe eziphukile, nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Lesi sici sokucindezeleka singahlanganiswa ezigulini ezithola ukwelashwa kwe-oxygen noma umoya omuhle wokuphefumula umoya.
- Umsindo wendiza, i imishini, futhi isiguli singaba esibalulekile. Isilinganiso somsindo wendiza enophephela emhlane singama-decibel angu-105 kodwa singaba phezulu kuye ngohlobo lwendiza. Amazinga omsindo angaphezu kwama-decibel angu-140 angaholela ekulahlekelweni kwezindlebe ngokushesha. Amazinga omsindo aqhubekayo ngaphezu kwama-decibel angu-120 nawo azoholela ekulahlekelweni kwezindlebe.
- Ukukhathala kuba kubi ngenxa yokungalali kahle, ukudlidliza kwendiza, ukudla okungenamsoco, nezindiza ezinde: ihora elingu-1 noma ngaphezulu endizeni ephiko elijikelezayo noma amahora angu-3 noma ngaphezulu endizeni enamaphiko angashintshi.
- Amandla adonsela phansi, kokubili okungalungile noma okuhle, abangela ukucindezeleka emzimbeni. Lokhu kucindezeleka kumane kuwukucasula okuncane kwabaningi. Kodwa-ke, izimo ezibucayi ziba zimbi kakhulu ezigulini ezigula kakhulu ezinomsebenzi wenhliziyo oncishisiwe kanye nomfutho we-intracranial anda nemiphumela yamandla adonsela phansi yokusuka nokufika kanye noshintsho olusheshayo endizeni njengokulahlekelwa ukuphakama ngenxa yesiphithiphithi noma ukuphenduka okungazelelwe kwebhange.
- I-Flicker Vertigo. I-Flight Safety Foundation ichaza i-Flicker vertigo “njengokungalingani emsebenzini wamangqamuzana obuchopho okubangelwa ukuchayeka elokoza okuphansi noma ukubaneka kokukhanya okukhanyayo.” Lokhu ngokuvamile kuwumphumela wokukhanya kwelanga kanye nama-rotor-blade endizeni enophephela emhlane futhi kungathinta bonke endizeni. Izimpawu zingasukela ekuqulekeni kuye ekucanuzeleni nasekuphathweni ikhanda. Abantu abanomlando wokuquleka kufanele baqaphe ikakhulukazi uma besebenza i-rotor-wing.
- Umhwamuko kawoyela ungabangela isicanucanu, isiyezi, kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu ngokuchayeka okukhulu. Qaphela indawo okuyo etiyeleni noma ku-helipad ngesikhathi sokugcwaliswa kwendiza.
- Isimo sezulu ngokuyinhloko sidala izinkinga zokuhlela indiza kodwa futhi singaholela ezinkingeni zezempilo. Imvula, iqhwa, nombani kungabangela izingozi lapho usendaweni yesigameko noma ulungiselela indiza. Ukweqisa kwezinga lokushisa nokugcwala kwamanzi kwezingubo nakho kungabangela ukucindezeleka.
- Ukukhathazeka kocingo, isikhathi sendiza ngenkathi unakekela isiguli esigulayo, ngisho nendiza ngokwayo ingabangela ukucindezeleka okungadingekile.
- Ukundiza ebusuku kuyingozi kakhulu ngenxa yokungakwazi ukubonakala okulinganiselwe ngisho nangosizo lwezibuko zasebusuku (ama-NVG). Lokhu kudinga ukuqwashiswa kwesimo okungaguquki, okungangeza ekukhathaleni nasekucindezelekeni, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezingajwayelekile.
Izingcindezi Zomuntu Nezengqondo: Izinto Zomuntu Zithinta Ukubekezelela Izingcindezi Zendiza
I-Mnemonic IM SAFE ivamise ukusetshenziselwa ukukhumbula umthelela omubi wokundiza ezigulini nakubahlinzeki.
- Ukugula kuhlobene nokuphila kahle kwakho. Ukuya emsebenzini ugula kuzokwengeza kakhulu ingcindezi ekuhambeni kwakho emoyeni futhi kwehlise izinga lokunakekelwa okunikezayo kanye nokuphepha kweqembu. Udokotela kufanele akuhlanze ukuze ubuyele ukundiza.
- Imithi ingabangela imiphumela ethile engathandeki. Ukwazi ukuthi imithi oyinqumile izosebenzisana kanjani nezimo zendiza kubalulekile futhi kungenza umehluko omkhulu lapho ulwa nezingcindezi zendiza.
- Izehlakalo zempilo ezicindezelayo ezifana nokuhlukana kobuhlobo kwakamuva noma ilungu lomndeni esibhedlela zingandisa futhi zizokwandisa ngokuqondile ukucindezeleka kwakho emsebenzini. Ukuzinakekela kubalulekile ngaphambi kokunakekela abanye kulo msebenzi onzima kangaka. Uma ikhanda lakho lingekho endaweni efanele, indawo ekufanele ayikho emoyeni.
- Uphuzo oludakayo lungaba ukuhoxa kwabanye njengoba behlangabezana nengcindezi emsebenzini. Kuyisixazululo sesikhashana senkinga yesikhathi eside. Imiphumela yangemuva kokudakwa yotshwala isenganciphisa ukusebenza futhi iholele ekukhathazekeni ngokuphepha ngisho noma ungadakiwe ngokomtholampilo. Kuphinde kuthinte ikhono lomzimba wakho lokulwa nezifo nokugula.
- Ukukhathala kubangelwa amashifu abuyela emuva kanye nokuchayeka kuzicindezelo ezibalwe ngenhla ezihlobene nendiza. Yazi imikhawulo yakho futhi ungalokothi ufune okungaphezu kwalokho okwaziyo ukuthi ungakwazi ukukuthwala.
- Imizwa yinto wonke umuntu ayiphatha ngendlela ehlukile. Sonke sinemizwa, futhi sonke siyiveza ngendlela ehlukile kuye ngezimo. Ukwazi indlela yokusabela ngokomzwelo kungase kukhulise isimo esicindezelayo kakade noma kumenze akhululeke ekucasukeni kuya osizini. Ukugcina imizwa yakho endizeni akubalulekile nje kuphela kodwa kulindeleke. Uyingcweti futhi kufanele uzithwale ngaleyo ndlela, ubeke ithimba lakho nesiguli sakho ngaphezu kwemizwa yakho.
Isikhala Nezinsiza
Ngokungafani nomhlabathi i-ambulensi, uphiko lwenkonzo yezokwelapha eziphuthumayo lwendiza enophephela emhlane linendawo encane kakhulu uma bonke abasebenzi sebevuliwe ibhodi futhi isiguli silayishwe ngendlela efanele.
Lokhu kukodwa kungaletha ukukhathazeka esimweni esivele sicindezela.
Ukuqonda imingcele yendawo yendiza kubalulekile.
Izinsizakalo eziningi zingathwala ezinye zezinto ezithuthuke kakhulu ezitholakala endaweni yangaphambi kwesibhedlela, njengemishini yelebhu yokunakekela, i-ventilator yokuthutha, kanye ne-ultrasound.
Abanye bangakwazi ngisho nokuthutha iziguli ze-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)!
Lezi zinto ziyizimpahla ezinhle, kodwa ukuzisebenzisa nokuzigada kungangeza ingcindezi kuyo yonke isibalo.
Funda Futhi:
Ukuhlenga Nezimo Eziphuthumayo: I-EASA Vade Mecum Yokuphatha Ngokuphephile I-Helicopter Mission
I-MEDEVAC Ngama-Helicopter Ezempi zase-Italy
Lapho Ukuhlengwa Kuvela Phezulu: Uyini Umehluko Phakathi Kwe-HEMS Ne-MEDEVAC?
I-HEMS, Yiziphi Izinhlobo Zezindiza Ezindiza Esetshenziselwa Ukusindisa Izindiza Ezindiza e-Italy?