Umehluko phakathi kokuzamazama komhlaba, i-aftershock, i-foreshock kanye ne-mainshock

By UCristiano Antonino On Mar 31, 2023

“Ukuzamazama komhlaba” (okubuye kubizwe ngokuthi “ukuzamazama komhlaba” noma “ukuzamazama komhlaba”) ukuvevezela okungazelelwe noma ukumiswa koqweqwe lomhlaba, okubangelwa ukunyakaza okungalindelekile kwetshe elikhulu elingaphansi komhlaba.

Lokhu kususwa kukhiqizwa amandla e-tectonic asebenza njalo ngaphakathi koqweqwe lomhlaba abangela ukukhululwa kwamandla endaweni yangaphakathi yomhlaba ebizwa ngokuthi i-hypocenter, ngokuvamile etholakala ngenhla kokuqhekeka osekuvele kukhona oqweqweni olubizwa ngokuthi amaphutha; kusukela ekuqhekekeni kwakha uchungechunge lwamagagasi anwebekayo, abizwa ngokuthi "amagagasi okuzamazama komhlaba", asakazeka kuzo zonke izinkomba ukusuka ku-hypocenter, enikeza ukuphila kwinto ebonwa phezulu.

Indawo esebusweni bomhlaba ebekwe mpo ngaphezu kwe-hypocenter ibizwa ngokuthi “i-epcenter” futhi ngokuvamile iyona ethinteka kakhulu yileso simo.

Ngokusho kwabanye abacwaningi kungenzeka ukubikezela ukufika kwe- ukuzamazama komhlaba kusengaphambili kodwa ososayensi abaningi banombono ophambene.

Ukuzamazama komhlaba, i-aftershock, foreshock kanye ne-mainshock

Ukuzamazama komhlaba cishe akukaze kwenzeke njengesenzakalo esisodwa, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kulindelwe ukushaqeka okuncane kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile, ngemva kwakho, kuba nochungechunge lokuzamazama komhlaba okuvame ukushuba okuphansi kunomcimbi omkhulu wokuzamazama komhlaba (okungukuthi lowo onamandla amakhulu kakhulu).

Igama elithi “aftershock” liyindlela ye-Anglo-Saxon yokuchaza ukuzamazama kwangemuva okwenzeka ngokushesha ngemva kwesehlakalo esikhulu sokuzamazama komhlaba, kuyilapho “foreshock” kuyigama le-Anglo-Saxon ukuchaza ukuzamazama ngemva kwalokho okulindela isehlakalo esikhulu sokuzamazama komhlaba.

Igama elithi “mainshock” esikhundleni salokho likhombisa isehlakalo esikhulu sokuzamazama komhlaba, okungukuthi esinodlame kakhulu futhi esidala inani eliphakeme kakhulu lomonakalo kanye nezisulu.

Uma ukundindizela okulandelanayo kukukhulu kunokuzamazama okukhulu, ukundindizela okulandelayo kuqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi 'ukuzamazama okukhulu' futhi ukundindizela kwasekuqaleni kuqanjwe kabusha ngokuthi 'foreshock'.