What is the breath test?

By Cristiano Antonino On Feb 3, 2023

The breath test or breath test is a diagnostic test that is carried out by analysing samples of exhaled air

There are three types: the glucose breath test, the lactose breath test and the lactulose breath test.

What is the breath test used for?

In the field of gastroenterology, the breath test is used to detect alterations in the gastrointestinal system such as bacterial contamination, intestinal malabsorption and altered intestinal transit, which can be manifested by gastrointestinal complaints characterised by flatulence, meteorism, diarrhoea, distension and abdominal cramps.

The glucose breath test can be used to diagnose bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine

The lactose breath test is useful for the diagnosis of lactose malabsorption.

The lactulose breath test, on the other hand, is used to measure both the possible presence of bacterial overgrowth and an alteration of the oro-cecal transit time (OCTT).

Who can do the breath test?

The test can be useful in patients who report gastrointestinal complaints with flatulence, meteorism, diarrhoea, distension and abdominal cramps.

Is the breath test dangerous or painful?

The breath test is simple and non-invasive and is therefore safe for the patient and the operator.

How does the breath test work?

The test consists of collecting samples of exhaled air, before and after ingestion of a specific sugar dissolved in water, in a plastic bag at regular intervals.

The test can last between two and four hours.

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