Nanini na xa i-ambulensi ifika kwindawo yeengozi zendlela kufuneka ilumke, kuba iimpahla eziyingozi zinokubakhona kwaye zisenokungakhuselekanga! Uziphatha njani?

A i paramedic kunye nomongikazi kwi iigulane ukwenza uluhlu lokutshekisha oluqhelekileyo. Ngequbuliso kuboniswa isithuthi kubonakala umqondiso othi "CODE RED". Yonke ugqirha ophuthumayo, Nabani na ojamelane nale meko angenza into enye kuphela: zama ukufumana ulwazi ngakumbi. Siza kubona ukuba zeziphi iingozi zendlela ezinempahla eziyingozi ezinokubangela ukuba bacaphukise nendlela abaphenduli kuqala abanokuthi basondele ngayo.

Iingozi zendlela ezinempahla eziyingozi: amava

Umongikazi ubiza i Indawo yokuhambisa Dispatch ngomnxeba wenkonzo kwaye i paramedic iqala ukuqhuba isithuthi; izibane zexesha likaxakeka kunye nealam zasebenza. Injongo kukuzama ukufikelela kwithagethi ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni wena kunye nabanye, kodwa ngesona santya siphezulu.

Iziko lokuhambisa libonisa ukuba kuhola wendlela, ingozi yemoto ebandakanya iimoto ezininzi ichazwe ngabakhweli bendlela eyahlukileyo, kubandakanya itanki elilele ecaleni kwelinye.

Ukushiya ecaleni ulwazi olusisiseko kwi ukuqhuba ngexesha likaxakeka, yintoni eqhelekileyo Ilifa layo wonke umqhubi we-ambulensi elungileyo, kufanelekile ukuvavanya inkqubo yenkqubo malunga ne-1 km ukusuka kwindawo yengozi.

Xa usondela kule umda, umqhubi kufuneka, ke:

• UKUBA NGE-MOTORWAY - Ukusetyenziswa kweendlela eziqhelekileyo zokuqhuba xa kufanelekile kwaye kunciphise isantya sokwenza ikholam ngasemva kwesithuthi ukuze kuthintelwe ukufika kwezinye iimoto ngesantya esiphezulu; Ukubuyiselwa umva okanye ukuchasana kwamacala endlela ahlala elinde ubukho kunye nokugunyaziswa koNyanzeliso loMthetho;
• UKUBA KWI-URBAN OKANYE KWIINDLELA ZOKUGQIBELA -Uhlala unikela ingqalelo kakhulu kubahambi ngeenyawo, kwizithuthi kunye nokugcina isantya esilinganiselweyo okanye, nakweyiphi na imeko, isantya esifanelekileyo sokulungiselela ukujongana nemeko yendlela, ngokuhambelana neemeko zemo engqongileyo nezemozulu;
• Ukuba singenisiwe imeko enokuba semngciphekweni (umzekelo, i-ADR okanye i-RID yothutho), HANDLA zivavanye umkhombandlela womoya ngaphambi kwendlela. Kuya kufuneka ubeke umoya kwicala lengozi okanye ukukhutshwa.

Iingozi zendlela ezinempahla eyingozi ezichaphazelekayo: iimeko zeengozi kunye nezalathi zomngcipheko

Kodwa kuthetha ntoni ukuvavanya indlela yomoya? Impendulo ilele ekuchongeni ukuba yeyiphi into eyingozi / imeko apho kufuneka sime khona, apho kuthi ngokucacileyo yindawo yengozi. Iindlela zokuvavanya umkhombandlela womoya zininzi: iplagi yomsi, umphezulu wemithi, iflegi okanye usetyenziso olungakumbi lwetekhnoloji unokufumana umkhombandlela womoya ngexesha langempela, kuthathelwa ingqalelo isigubungelo se-3G okanye se-LTE. (Ndincoma kakhulu u-WIND ALERT, i-app yasimahla ekhoyo zombini uguqulelo lwe-iOS kwivenkile ye-Apple kunye ne-Android kumdlalo weGoogle).

Ukufika nje kwindawo yomsitho, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kuvavanywe ubukho beempawu zomngcipheko:

• abantu abaninzi emhlabeni ngaphandle kwesazela
• ivumba elingaqhelekanga
• Umsi okanye umphunga, mhlawumbi utyisa umhlaba
• iintaka okanye ezinye izilwanyana ezifileyo okanye zife
• uhlaza olunyibilikisiwe
• ulwelo kwi-asphalt
• umlilo

Ubukho kwezi zinto kufuneka bucebise ikakhulu kwi-paramedics okanye kubaphenduli bokuqala abaqhuba i-ambulensi ukuba imeko isengozini enkulu. Ke, kufanelekile ukusebenzisa zonke iindlela zokuzikhusela. Apha ngezantsi, ezinye iimeko kunye nokuhamba umgama wokhuseleko kuphakanyisiwe, kuvavanywa ngokufanelekileyo, okuthi nangona kunjalo kuqinisekiswe inqanaba elingaphezulu kokhuseleko:

Iilahleko ZENGXOXO NGAPHANDLE KOMlilo

IINDLELA ZOKUGCINWA NGOMLILO UKUZE ZINGAKHUSELEKI ITHanki

 

Iilahleko ZOKUGCINWA NGOMLILO

 

INDLELA YOKUQINISEKILEYO YOKUGQIBELA I-RADOA, I-BIOLOGICAL okanye ISIHLOKO

 

Ikhowudi yomKemler: ukuqaphela iimpahla eziyingozi

The I-ADR Hazard Inombolo yesazisi, eyaziwa nangokuthi Ikhowudi yomKemler, iyathwalwa kwizibeki kwiimoto zetanki kunye nakwizinto zetanki ezihamba ngendlela ephakathi kwamazwe aphesheya Imigaqo ye-ADR.

Iimpawu zokuchonga ziboniswa ngoluhlobo, ukuba Inani elingaphezulu libonisa ubungozi kwaye inani elisezantsi libonisa izinto kunye nenombolo ye-UN enikezwe kwiNgcebiso ye-UN ngothutho lweempahla eziyingozi. An Indawo e-orenji engenanto ngaphandle kwamanani ibonisa isithuthi esiphethe umthwalo oyingozi (imigqomo, iiphakheji, njl. njl.) okanye itanki yemithwalo emininzi.

The ADR Inombolo yokuchonga iHazard HIN inamanani amabini okanye amathathu. Inani lokuqala leKemler Code libonisa ubungozi bokuqala:

• Ukukhutshwa kwe-2 kwerhasi ngenxa yoxinzelelo okanye ukuphendula kwamachiza
• I-3 Ukuvuvukala kolwelo (umphunga) kunye neegesi okanye isixhobo sokuzifudumeza
• I-4 Figueability ye-solids okanye i-self-heating solid
• I-5 Oxidizing (ekhulisa umlilo)
• I-6 ubuthi
• I-7 Radioactivity
• I-8 Corrosivity
• I-9 Umngcipheko wokuphendula ngokuzenzekelayo ngobundlobongela

Eyesibini neyesithathu ibonisa ubungozi belesibini:

• I-1 ingozi ayinakuchazwa ngokufanelekileyo linani lokuqala
• I-2 (enokuvutha) irhasi inokukhutshwa
• Umngcipheko womlilo we-3
• Umngcipheko womlilo we-4
• Umngcipheko we-oxidizing we-5
• Umngcipheko onetyhefu we-6
• Umngcipheko we-8 umngcipheko
• Umngcipheko we-9 wokuzimela, ubundlongondlongo

Ukuthandabuza komntu kubonisa ukuqina kwengozi ethile. Apho ingozi enxulunyaniswa nento inokuboniswa ngokufanelekileyo ngenani elinye, oku kulandelwa ngu-zero. Ukuba inombolo yokuchonga kwengozi ifakwe kuqala kunobumba u 'X', oku kubonisa ukuba le nto iya kusabela ngendlela enobungozi ngamanzi.

 

Iingozi zendlela-Yintoni abaphenduli bokuqala ekufuneka beyenzile kwindawo enezinto eziyingozi ezichaphazelekayo?

emva kokuba Uvavanyo lwengozi yokwenene, (ubume betanki, iphaneli yeKemler, ubukho beempawu zomngcipheko, ubungqina ngqo, njl.), nakwisivumelwano ne-crewmember, khetha umgama ofanelekileyo kule meko.

Iqela elisebenzayo kufuneka emva koko lazise imeko kwiZiko lokuSebenza eliNgxamisekileyo, licela ukuthunyelwa kwee-Fire Brigades kunye noMthetho woNyanzeliso. Xa inqanaba lokuvula liphelile, kuyenzeka ukuba liqhubeke nokuvavanywa ngokunzulu ngokomfanekiso, onokushwankathelwa ngokulula imithetho emithathu (ukhuseleko, imeko kunye nemeko).

 

Ezokhuseleko: Uvavanyo lomngcipheko wokuvela kwendalo kunye nokuzikhusela

Misa kwaye ubeke isithuthi endleleni, ngokukhuselekileyo. Yicime injini yesithuthi unxibe iPPE efanelekileyo (isigcina-ntloko, iiglavu ze-nitrile kunye nebhatyi ebonakalayo ephezulu, ngaphezulu kweyunifomu ecwangcisiweyo). Ngokuqinisekileyo musa ukutshaya kwaye awuseli okanye ungatyi (awunokwazi ukuba kukho ungcoliseko). Thatha umngcipheko wophuhliso (umlilo, uqhushumbo, njl. Njl.). Gcina ababukeleyo kumgama okhuselekileyo kwaye unake i-rubbernecking.

Imeko: uhlobo lomsitho, ukonakala, indawo, iimeko zemo engqongileyo njalo njalo.

• Uhlobo lomsitho (ingozi, spill, ukuvuza, umlilo, njl.)
• ubukhulu bomsitho kunye nomonakalo obangelwe (zingaphi kwaye ziphi na indlela ezichaphazelekayo, izakhiwo, ulwakhiwo, nolwakhiwo)
• Imigaqo yendawo (iindlela neendlela, iindawo ezivalekileyo, njl. njl.)
• iimeko zezulu kunye nemozulu (imvula, ikhephu, ilanga, njl. njl.)
• Iimeko ngokubanzi zesimo (indawo enomhlaba, udaka, inkunkuma, inkunkuma, njl. njl.)
• iimeko zokusingqongileyo (ingxolo, ubumnyama, njl. njl.)
• hlala ugcina umoya engqondweni (ingatshintsha)

 

Ingozi zendlela kunye neempahla eziyingozi: amandla ashukumayo, unobangela, inani lamaxhoba abandakanyekayo:

• Uhlobo lwengozi (entloko-kwengozi, ukungqubana kokuphela, njl.njl.)
• Inkcazo yesiganeko (ingozi, ukugqabhuka kwesondo, ukugula komqhubi, njl. njl.)
• abantu ababandakanyekayo (kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba bangcoliseke)
• abo bangamaxhoba

Nje ukuba iimvavanyo ezichazwe apha ngasentla zenziwe, abasebenzi baya kuhlala bemi, belinde i-Fire Brigade (ngoncedo olungxamisekileyo lobugcisa kwaye ke "ukhuseleko lwemo") kunye Ukufaka umthatho (kulawulo lwendlela, umjikelezo wendawo, iziphumo kunye noxanduva olusemthethweni).

Kubaluleke kakhulu xa ababoneleli bezempilo befikelela kwithagethi kuqala. Xa Abacimi bomlilo fika enkundleni, baya kuyilawula kwaye kuya kufuneka ulandele iinkqubo zikazwelonke. Ngokwesiqhelo, iinkqubo zifuna amanyathelo ahlukeneyo ukuthintela iingxaki ngexesha lokusebenza. Ngesisombululo esifanelekileyo sexesha likaxakeka, ii-Fire Brigad kwihlabathi jikelele zilandela inkqubo emi-8 yeNkqubo, ungafumana apha.

Ii-EMTs kunye neeParamedics zinokuthi zisebenze kwindawo yesehlo phakathi kwezigqibo xa abacimi-mlilo besule ezona ngozi zibalulekileyo. Ungenelelo, njengesiqhelo, kufuneka luphele ngokupheleleyo ngokuxubusha onke amalungu abandakanyekayo.

IZILUMKISO EZIQHELEKILEYO: ayisoloko imeko “egxekayo” icacile. Cinga nje, umzekelo, malunga nabakhweli abathutha mihla le i-radiopharmaceuticals kwiilori. Ezi zithwali ziqhele ukusebenzisa izithuthi ezikhanyayo ukuba ukuba zibandakanyeke engozini okanye zimbi kakhulu emlilweni azinakuba nzima, ngokuqaqanjelwa, zisinike ulwazi lokwenyani lwengozi. I-radiopharmaceuticals kufuneka iphathwe ngokwemigaqo yelizwe kwaye inokuhlelwa ngokweendidi ezimbini:

• Unyango (okhupha i-beta radiation)
• Uxilongelo (ukukhupha i-beta okanye i-gamma radiation)

Ezi radioisotope, kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, zitywiniwe kwaye ziphantse zangenabungozi. Umngcipheko ubonakala xa ekugqibeleni bathe baphantsi kobushushu obuphezulu okanye kwezinye izinto. Inokuphelisa uthuli olunokuba yingozi kakhulu kwimeko yokuntywila okanye ngaphakathi.

 

UMVANGELI

 

FUNDA KUNYE

 

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Iskimu seNkonzo yeenqwelo yezigulana ngexesha likaxakeka kwiingozi zendlela

 

Iprojekthi entsha yokhuseleko ezindleleni kwizithuthi zikaxakeka