Ngaphambi kuka-2001, izindiza ezinophephela emhlane ezisetshenziswa yiJapan Preparates ekuphenduleni okuphuthumayo zazingenazinga elanele lokunakekelwa. Kwabe sekufika uhlelo luka-Doctor-Heli odokotela abasebenza ngokudotshwa kwezindiza lukhula kakhulu. Ake sibheke ukuthi yini engenza!

Isifunda saseMiyazaki, etholakala engxenyeni eseningizimu yesiqhingi saseKyushu, waqala ukusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-Doctor-Heli ngaphandle kweNyuvesi yaseMiyazaki ngo-2012. IMiyazaki indawo esemakhaya yaseJapan. Ingqikithi yabantu bakhona ingaba yisigidi esisodwa, abangama-420,000 babo abahlala enhlokodolobha. Lolu hlelo olusha ludinga uhlelo olusha lwabasebenzi bezindiza ezinophephela emhlane ukwenza ikhwalithi ephezulu HEMS.

 

Ama-HEMS aqukethe udokotela ezifundeni zaseJapan: Ukuchazwa kwalesi sigcawu esisha kuma-helikopta ezokwelashwa

Ezolimo ziyingxenye enkulu yomnotho. Ijografi yayo ibanzi, isukela emfuleni kuya esifundeni sezintaba. Ngaphambi kokufika kwendiza enophephela emhlane, UMizaki wayephethe i-helicopter yokulondolozwa komasipala eyayikwenza iphrofayli ebanzi lokho kufaka phakathi ukusebenza kwe-hoist, ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuyisisekelo, nokucindezela umlilo. IMiyazaki isebenzisa uhlelo lwe-EMS olususelwa emlilweni, njengezifunda eziningi zaseJapan. Isibhedlela sase-University of Miyazaki is a isibhedlela esikhulu sokunakekelwa kwendawo ephakeme ngokwandiswa kwamuva nje koMnyango wayo we-Acute Care and Traumatology.

Ukwethulwa kwendiza ohlelweni lwendawo kudinga izakhi eziningana ezahlukahlukene kanye nokuzibandakanya kwababambe iqhaza abaningi. Isibhedlela sakha i-heliport ese-site kanye nobabili abacimi bomlilo futhi izisebenzi zikahulumeni kulo lonke umbuso ziqeqeshelwa ezindaweni zokubekwa eziqokiwe endaweni yazo. Zikhonjwe ezindaweni ezingaphezulu kuka-200 izindawo ezibekiwe. Odokotela abambalwa basesibhedlela bafundiswe kakhulu, ukundiza ngezinhlelo zeDokotela-Heli esezisunguliwe. Lokhu abe esethula uhlelo lokuqeqeshwa lwendawo olunomthwalo wemfanelo kwabanye odokotela.

 

Kuvelaphi ukukhethwa kwama-HEMS asebenza ngodokotela ezifundeni zaseJapan?

Inyuvesi yaseMiyazaki iphinde yafinyelela esikhungweni sayo esingudadewethu waseMelika, i-University of California, i-Irvine ukuze isebenzisane nezindawo zokuhlanganiswa kanye nohlelo lwe-EMS. Lokhu kuhlangana kubonakale kwincwadi yokusetshenziswa kwesifunda yendiza. Le ncwajana yenzelwe i-ambulensi abezimo eziphuthumayo nodokotela abasebenza ezibhedlela. Behlose ukusungula amazinga afanele ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sisetshenziswa esisha. Kuhlanganisa eziningana izinkomba ezijwayelekile ngesicelo sendiza kanye nalezo ezisuselwa uphawu.

Le mihlahlandlela yasungulwa ukuze kuboniswe ubuningi bokusebenza kwezimo eziphuthumayo eJapane kanye nokungabikho kwezikhungo ezikhethekile ezikhethiwe ngaphakathi kohlelo lwe-EMS iMiyazaki. Le ncwajana inezinhloso ezintathu ezinkulu. Esokuqala ukuthi ukunikeza izinkomba ezicacile kwabasemapulazini emkhakheni lapho le nsiza entsha kufanele iceliwe. Okwesibili, kuwukuthi lula ukuqoqwa kwedatha yokusebenzisa kangcono, vumela ukuvuthwa kohlelo kube yinqubo eqhubekayo. Okwesithathu, ukubeka isisekelo sokusungulwa kohlelo lokuqoqwa kwemininingwane yokunakekelwa kwangaphambi kokubelethwa kwaso sonke isifunda, kubandakanya umhlaba, izindiza, nezikhungo zokwamukela.

Ezinyangeni zokuqala eziyishumi zokusebenza, izindiza zindiza ngaphezulu kwe-300 futhi ivolumu yalo yemisebenzi iye yanda kusukela. Udokotela-Heli endaweni yaseMiyazaki inikeza imodeli ephumelelayo yokuthi isifunda singakwazi kanjani ukuhlanganisa ngokuphumelelayo futhi ngempumelelo i-ambulensi emoyeni ohlelweni lwabo lwe-EMS.

The Inkonzo Yezindiza yaseNakanihon ibingenye yezinkampani zokuqala ze-HEMS ezazilawula uhlelo lwe-Doctor-Heli futhi iphethe i-25% yama-helikopta ezokwelapha aseJapan.

Nini iziphuthumayo kwenzeka, abahlengikazi bezindiza nodokotela gibela ibhodi futhi andiza afinyelele ezigulini ezindaweni. Baqala ukunikeza usizo lwezokwelapha besaphila. Indawo lapho a i-helikopta ethile kadokotela ukusebenza kuhamba ukusuka 70 km kuya ku-150 km kude nesibhedlela. Impela, ukubizwa kwe eziphuthumayo izofika esibhedlela esiseduze futhi yiyo ezothumela izindiza ezinophephela emhlane. Uma kwenzeka ingozi isekude kakhulu ebangeni lokulawulwa kepha azikho izindiza ezinophephela emhlane, isibhedlela esikude singathumela nendiza yaso ngokwengxenye.

 

I-HEMS esebenza ngudokotela: obani abahlinzeki bezimo eziphuthumayo kuma-helicopter wezokwelapha?

Ngaphezu kwenesi lendiza nodokotela bezindiza, futhi abasebenzi bokulungisa imishini zibaluleke kakhulu ebhodini. Benza ukwesekwa kokuzulazula nokusiza, ukuhola nokuxhumana nesikhungo sezokuxhumana, banakekela izinhlelo zokuxhumana nomsakazo futhi basize nabahlengikazi bezindiza uma kwenzeka. Ziphinde zinikeze isondlo ngaphambi nangemva kwendiza. Kungakho ubukhona babo bubaluleke kakhulu ebhodini noma kunini.

I-crew onboard ngokuvamile yakhiwa Umhlengikazi wendiza we-1 nodokotela we-1 ngenxa ye isisindo sendiza. Nokho, kungenzeka ukuthi indiza enophephela emhlane ibamba abaqeqeshwayo, kodwa inani labantu alikwazi ukudlula i-5 ngendiza ngayinye. Helikopta EC135 , isibonelo, izindawo ezikhawulelwe ku-4, kufakwe nesiguli. Kodwa-ke, abasebenza nge-Helikopta abanandaba nokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi. Yindaba yesibhedlela.

Elinye ilungu elibalulekile umshayeli wendiza, kunjalo. Kusukela kulo nyaka, uhulumeni waseJapan washintsha umthetho wabashayeli bezindiza ezinophephela emhlane be-EMS. Kusukela kulo nyaka kuqhubeke, ukuqashwa njengabashayeli bezindiza be-HEMS, abagadli abazodinga bazothola isipiliyoni sendiza esingamahora okuhlala asendizeni angukaputeni we-1000. Ngokwe Isevisi yomoya yaseNakanihon, Abashayeli bezindiza kufanele babhekane namahora okundiza we-1500 okungenani, kanye namahora okundiza e-1000 abashayeli bezindiza abashayeli bawo amahora angama-50 endizeni efanayo.

 

IHEMS esebenza ngudokotela: yini okusamele isebenze?

Bangu akwanele izindawo zokuqeqesha umshayeli eJapan. Lokhu kwenza ukuqeqeshwa umshayeli ube nzima. Inkonzo Yezindiza yaseNakanihon kepha kudingeka unikeze ukuqeqeshwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezinje. "Sidinga indawo encane yokuhlala / okusuka kuyo, eyakha inselelo efanayo yokusiza / yokuhamba lapho kwenzeka khona abashayeli bezindiza ab-Initio. Kodwa-ke, iningi lezindawo zokungenela ukhetho (indawo yokudlala yezikole zomphakathi, ipaki yedolobha, inkundla yezemidlalo, ipaki kazwelonke, umfula womfula, njll.) ziphethwe / ziphathwa ngabaphathi bendawo. Babeka imithetho yabo ukuthi bayisebenzise. ”

Helicopter kokwehla / ukukhipha akufakwanga kwimithetho yokusebenzisa, ngakho-ke kuthatha isikhathi esiningi ukuthola imvume. Lokhu kuyinselelo kithi. ”

FUNDA OKWENGEZIWE

IJapan yahlanganisa izindiza ezinophephela emhlane ezinodokotela ezingena ohlelweni lwe-EMS

I-Mobilicom ukwethula uhlelo lwayo lwe-Mobile Mission Management System okokuqala ngqa eJapane

Ezempilo nokunakekelwa kwasesibhedlela eJapan: Izwe eliqinisekisayo

Ezithakazelisayo ngawe

ICoronavirus, isinyathelo esilandelayo: IJapan ihlose ukumisa masisha eziphuthumayo

IJapan yethule ngokushesha imishini yokuhlola i-antigen ukuthola izifo ze-coronavirus

Imithombo:

• EMSpedia

• Robert Katzer MD MBA - IYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, e-Irvine - Isikhungo Sezinhlekelele Zezokwelapha