Lungiselela ukudilika kwenhlabathi, udaka kanye nengozi ye-hydrogeological: nazi ezinye izinkomba

By UCristiano Antonino On Kwangathi 17, 2023

Ukudilika komhlaba kanye nemfucumfucu kugeleza izimpawu eziyisixwayiso, okufanele ukwenze ngaphambi, phakathi, nangemuva. Izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zokudilika kwenhlabathi nokugeleza kwemfucumfucu, okufanele ukwenze ngaphambi, ngesikhathi nangemuva: imithetho eyisisekelo yokuhlala uphephile ngenkathi ulinde usizo.

Izinkinga ze-Hydrogeological zenzeka. Abatakuli bazophuthuma basize abantu abahilelekile. Kodwa eminye imithetho eyisisekelo ingagcina impilo yakho kuqala ekulindelweni kwayo, futhi okwesibili ibenze bakwazi ukungenelela ngamathuba amakhulu okuphumelela.

Ngokusobala akukho sihloko esingangena esikhundleni sokuqeqeshwa okudingekayo ukubhekana nalezi zimo, kodwa ezinye izinto eziyisisekelo zisabalulekile ngempela, futhi kufanele zifaniswe.

Njengoba kuzophindwaphindwa kulesi sihloko, khumbula ukuthi inkomba yakho ingu-opharetha wesikhungo sokusebenza, nokuthi uma uhlala endaweni ethambekele ekubeni nezinkinga ze-hydrogeological, isifundo esincane sokulungiselela siwukukhetha okubheke kude.

Izimpawu Zesexwayiso Ngokudilika Komhlaba

Iziphethu, izindawo ezimanzi, noma umhlabathi ogcwele ezindaweni ezingakaze zibe manzi ngaphambili.
Imifantu emisha noma amaqhuqhuva angajwayelekile emhlabathini, emigwaqweni egandayiwe yimigwaqo noma emigwaqweni yezinyawo.
Umhlabathi uhamba kude nezisekelo.
Izakhiwo ezihambisanayo ezifana namadekhi namavulandi atshekisayo kanye/noma ahambayo ahlobene nendlu enkulu.
Ukutsheka noma ukuqhekeka kwephansi likakhonkolo nezisekelo.
Izintambo zamanzi eziphukile nezinye izinsiza ezingaphansi komhlaba.
Izigxobo zocingo ezincike, izihlahla, izindonga ezibambayo noma uthango.
Imigqa yocingo ye-offset.
Imibhede yomgwaqo eshona phansi noma eyehlisiwe.
Ukwenyuka okusheshayo kwamazinga amanzi omfula, okungenzeka kuhambisane nokukhuphuka kwe-turbidity (okuqukethwe kwenhlabathi).
Ukwehla okungazelelwe kwamazinga amanzi omfula nakuba imvula isana noma isanda kumiswa.
Ukunamathisela iminyango namafasitela, nezikhala ezivulekile ezibonakalayo ezibonisa ama-jamb namafreyimu aphume endaweni yokumisa amanzi.
Umsindo wokuduma kancane okhuphuka ngevolumu uyabonakala njengoba i-landslide isondela.
Imisindo engajwayelekile, njengokuqhekeka kwezihlahla noma amatshe ashayayo, ingase ibonise udoti onyakazayo.

Izindawo ezivame ukuba sengozini yokudilika komhlaba

Emabhilidini amadala akhona.
Phansi noma phansi kwemithambeka.
Ngaphakathi noma ngaphansi kwemigodi emincane yokukhipha amanzi.
Phansi noma phezulu komthambeka omdala wokugcwalisa.
Phansi noma ngaphezulu komthambeka osikiwe owumqansa.
Amagquma athuthukisiwe lapho kusetshenziswa khona amasistimu we-leach field septic.

Izindawo ngokuvamile ezibhekwa njengeziphephile ekubhidlikeni komhlaba

Etsheni eliqinile, elingahlanganisiwe elingakaze linyakaze esikhathini esidlule.
Ezindaweni eziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa noshintsho oluzumayo lwe-engeli eyehlelayo.
Phezulu noma eduze kwekhala lama-ridge, buyela emuva kusukela eziqongweni zemithambeka.

Okufanele Ukwenze Ngaphambi Kokudilika Komhlaba

Kuyoba yisicefe, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukuze ugweme ukudilika komhlaba kufanele kubonwe kusengaphambili ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa.

Ngakho-ke

Ungakhi eduze kwemithambeka, eduze konqenqema lwezintaba, eduze kwezindlela zokudonsa amanzi, noma izigodi zemvelo ezigugulekayo.
Thola ukuhlolwa okuyisisekelo kwempahla yakho.
Xhumana nezikhulu zendawo, izinhlolovo zezwe noma iminyango yezisetshenziswa zemvelo, neminyango yenyuvesi ye-geology. Ukudilika komhlaba kwenzeka lapho kwenzeka khona ngaphambili, nasezindaweni eziyingozi ezibonakalayo. Cela ulwazi mayelana nokudilika kwenhlabathi endaweni yangakini, imininingwane ethile ngezindawo ezisengozini yokudilika, futhi ucele ukudluliselwa kochwepheshe ukuze kuhlaziywe indawo yakho enemininingwane eminingi, kanye nezindlela zokulungisa ongazithatha, uma kunesidingo.
Buka amaphethini okugeleza kwamanzi esiphepho eduze kwekhaya lakho, futhi uqaphele izindawo lapho amanzi agelezayo ahlangana khona, andise ukugeleza kwamashaneli. Lezi yizindawo okufanele uzigweme ngesikhathi kunesiphepho.
Funda mayelana nezimo eziphuthumayo kanye nezinhlelo zokuphuma endaweni yangakini. Dala uhlelo lwakho oluphuthumayo lomndeni wakho noma ibhizinisi lakho.

Okufanele Ukwenze Ngesikhathi Sokudilika Komhlaba

Hlala uqaphile futhi uphapheme. Izingozi eziningi zemfucumfucu zenzeka lapho abantu belele. Lalela irediyo yesimo sezulu ye-NOAA noma umsakazo ophathwayo, osebenza ngebhethri noma umabonakude ukuze uthole izexwayiso zokuna kwemvula enamandla. Kubalulekile, ngoba ezimweni zama-smartphones amakhulu aphuthumayo angase angabi nayo isignali, futhi lokhu kungase kubulale. Akukona nje ukuqondana ukuthi abatakuli abangochwepheshe basasebenzisa izithutha zomsakazo, akunjalo? Kufanele futhi uqaphele ukuthi imvula enamandla, efushane ingaba yingozi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngemva kwezinkathi ezinde zemvula enamandla kanye nesimo sezulu esimanzi.
Uma usezindaweni ezisengozini yokudilika nokugeleza kwemfucumfucu, cabanga ukuhamba uma kuphephile ukwenza kanjalo. Khumbula ukuthi ukushayela ngesikhathi kunesiphepho esinamandla kungaba yingozi. Uma usahlala ekhaya, dlulela endabeni yesibili uma kungenzeka. Ukuhlala ungekho endleleni yokudilika kwenhlabathi noma ukugeleza kwemfucumfucu kusindisa izimpilo.
Lalela noma imiphi imisindo engajwayelekile engase ibonise udoti onyakazayo, njengokuqhekeka kwezihlahla noma amatshe angqongqozayo. Ukugeleza kodaka olugelezayo noma oluwayo noma imfucumfucu kungase kwandulele ukudilika komhlaba okukhulu. Imfucumfucu ehambayo ingageleza ngokushesha futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngaphandle kwesixwayiso.
Uma useduze nomfudlana noma ishaneli, qaphela noma yikuphi ukwanda noma ukuncipha okungazelelwe kokugeleza kwamanzi kanye noshintsho olusuka emanzini acwebile aye aludaka. Izinguquko ezinjalo zingase zibonise umsebenzi wokudilika komhlaba phezulu nomfula, ngakho-ke zilungiselele ukuhamba ngokushesha. Ungalibali! Zisindise, hhayi izinto zakho.
Qaphela ikakhulukazi lapho ushayela. Amabhuloho angase akhukhulwe, futhi ama-culverts abe ngaphezulu. Ungaweli imifudlana egcwele izikhukhula!! Jikela, Don't Drown®!. Izingongolo eziseceleni komgwaqo zisengozini yokudilika. Buka umgwaqo wendawo egandayiwe ebhidlikile, udaka, amatshe awile, nezinye izinkomba zokugeleza kwemfucumfucu okungase kube khona.
Qaphela ukuthi ukuzamazama okunamandla kokuzamazama komhlaba kungadala noma kuqinise imiphumela yokudilika kwenhlabathi.

Okufanele Ukwenze Uma Usola Ingozi Yokudilika Komhlaba Eseduze

Xhumana nomnyango wendawo yangakini womlilo, amaphoyisa, noma umsebenzi womphakathi. Izikhulu zendawo zingabantu abangcono kakhulu abakwazi ukuhlola ingozi engaba khona.
Yazisa omakhelwane abathintekile. Omakhelwane bakho bangase bangazi lutho ngezingozi ezingase zibe khona. Ukubeluleka ngezinto ezingase zibe usongo kungase kusize ekusindiseni ukuphila. Siza omakhelwane abangase badinge usizo ukuze baphume.
Phuma. Ukuphuma endleleni yokudilika kwenhlabathi noma ukugeleza kwemfucumfucu kuyisivikelo sakho esingcono kakhulu.
Gcoba ube yibhola eliqinile futhi uvikele ikhanda lakho uma kungenakwenzeka ukubaleka.

Okufanele Ukwenze Ngemva Kokudilika Komhlaba

Hlala kude nendawo yamaslayidi. Kungase kube nengozi yamaslayidi engeziwe.
Lalela umsakazo wendawo noma iziteshi zikamabonakude ukuze uthole ulwazi lwakamuva oluphuthumayo.
Qaphela izikhukhula, ezingase zenzeke ngemva kokudilika kwenhlabathi noma ukugeleza kwemfucumfucu. Izikhukhula kwesinye isikhathi zilandela ukudilika kwenhlabathi nokugeleza kwemfucumfucu ngoba zombili zingaqalwa umcimbi ofanayo.
Hlola abantu abalimele nabavaleleke eduze kwesilayidi, ngaphandle kokungena endaweni eqondile yama-slide. Baqondise abatakuli ezindaweni zabo.
Siza umakhelwane ongase adinge usizo olukhethekile - izinsana, abantu abadala, nabantu abakhubazekile. Abantu abadala kanye nabantu abakhubazekile bangadinga usizo olwengeziwe. Abantu ababanakekelayo noma abanemindeni emikhulu bangase badinge usizo olwengeziwe ezimeni eziphuthumayo.
Bheka futhi ubike imigqa yezinsiza eziphukile kanye nemigwaqo eyonakele nezitimela kuziphathimandla ezifanele. Ukubika izingozi ezingaba khona kuzokwenza ukuthi izinsiza zicishwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, kuvinjwe enye ingozi nokulimala.
Hlola isisekelo sebhilidi, ushimula, kanye nomhlaba ozungezile ukuthi akukho yini umonakalo. Ukulimala kwezisekelo, oshimula, noma umhlaba ozungezile kungase kukusize uhlole ukuphepha kwendawo.
Hlikihla kabusha umhlabathi owonakele ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka njengoba ukuguguleka komhlabathi okubangelwa ukulahlekelwa ukumboza komhlabathi kungaholela ezikhukhuleni ezinamandla kanye nokudilika kwenhlabathi okwengeziwe esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.
Funa iseluleko kuchwepheshe be-geotechnical ukuze uhlole izingozi zokudilika komhlaba noma udizayine amasu okulungisa ukuze unciphise ingozi yokubihlika komhlaba. Uchwepheshe uzokwazi ukukweluleka ngezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuvimbela noma ukunciphisa ubungozi bokubihlika komhlaba, ngaphandle kokudala enye ingozi.