10-31-03 San Bernardino, California Umfundisi uMisael uthandaza nomuntu okhoseliwe u-Jeri Wilde endaweni yokukhosela eNorton Air Force Base. I-Hanger 3 ihlalise abantu abaphuma ngaphandle kuka-3000 kulandela imililo eseNingizimu California. Isithombe ngu-Andrea Booher/FEMA Ayikho Inkokhelo/Isikweletu Esiyisibopho

Umuthi wezimo eziphuthumayo ezinkulu nezinhlekelele: amasu, izinto, amathuluzi, i-triage

By UCristiano Antonino On Apr 5, 2023

Umuthi wezimo eziphuthumayo ezinkulu nezinhlekelele (“umuthi wezinhlekelele”) indawo yezokwelapha ehlaziya futhi ihlanganise zonke izinqubo zokwelapha nezosizo lokuqala eziqaliswa lapho kunesimo esiphuthumayo noma inhlekelele enkulu, okungukuthi zonke lezo zimo lapho kwenzeka khona isigameko lapho kwenzeka khona isimo esiphuthumayo noma inhlekelele. ibeka impilo noma impilo yenani elikhulu labantu engcupheni, njengokuqhuma, izingozi zezitimela, ukuphahlazeka kwendiza, ukuzamazama komhlaba

Imithi Yezinhlekelele: ihlanganisani?

Ngenxa yezivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe eziphathelene Ukuvikelwa komphakathi, ukungenelela okuphuthumayo kanye nezinye izindawo ze-Disaster Medicine, kungacatshangwa ukuthi emazweni aseNtshonalanga imigomo iyalingana, futhi izivumelwano zinamandla kakhulu.

Ngokwemvelo, kunomehluko wendawo, kodwa ngokuvamile mincane futhi ayifanele ukunakwa kakhulu: ukuhlenga ezimweni eziphuthumayo ezinkulu kwenzeka ngendlela efanayo, futhi ukuze kube nokuxhumana okungcono ezimeni zokusebenzisana.

Imithi Yezinhlekelele: umehluko phakathi kwesimo esiphuthumayo esikhulu kanye nenhlekelele kusekusebenzeni noma kwezinye izinhlelo zokuhlenga:

i-maxi-emergency: izinhlelo zokuhlenga, njengezibhedlela, izindawo zokuhlanzeka, ama-ambulensi, ziphelele futhi ziyasebenza. Usizo luqinisekisiwe.
inhlekelele (noma inhlekelele): izinhlelo zokuhlenga zonakalisiwe futhi/noma azikwazi ukusebenza ngoba ngokwesibonelo zicekelwe phansi inhlekelele ngokwayo. Inhlekelele yimbi kakhulu kunesimo esiphuthumayo esikhulu, ngoba ukutakula AKUQINISEKISIWE.

Umuthi wezinhlekelele uhlose ukunikeza impendulo efanele yezokwelapha lapho izinsiza zinganele uma kuqhathaniswa nezidingo zomcimbi, futhi isekelwe ekuhlanganisweni kwezingxenye ezihlukahlukene zokuhlenga (izokwelapha kanye ne-logistic).

Emithi yenhlekelele, izici ezimbili eziyisisekelo kufanele zihlale zicatshangelwa:

ukuhlanganiswa phakathi kwezikhungo zosizo, okungukuthi umbandela wokufinyelela ekusebenzisaneni okuhloselwe umgomo ofanayo;
umqondo wezisulu unwetshwe ngokuphelele, okungukuthi hhayi nje kuphela abafile nabalimele, kodwa bonke labo abaye bathintwe othandweni nasengqondweni yabo.

Umthetho womonakalo onamandla (isibalo sikaBernini Carri)

Njengenkomba eyinkomba, isibalo sikaBernini Carri esibizwa ngokuthi “Dynamic Damage Rule” siyasetshenziswa, ethi:

“Ukuqina kwento ethile (ebizwa ngokuthi Umonakalo) (Q) ilingana ngokuqondile nokuqina kwayo (n) futhi ilinganisa ngokungaqondile nezinsiza ezikhona zokuyilawula (f) ngesikhathi ekhula ngaso (t)”

Q = n/fxt

Kule zibalo (n) imele inani labantu abahilelekile enhlekeleleni (abalimele, abashonile noma abasindile abadinga usizo) futhi (f) imele inombolo yabatakuli noma izindlela ezisetshenziselwa ukutakula.

Kulesi sibalo, "I-Resilience Factor (R)" yabantu (Q = n/fxt / R) ingacatshangelwa kamuva, iqondwe njengekhono labantu abathile lokusabela kahle nangenkuthalo ekunciphiseni Ukulimala; ngakho-ke lapho kucatshangelwa ukuthi i-Resilience Factor (R) ephakeme, kulapho umphumela Wokulimala uncishiswa khona (lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezigabeni ezilandela isigameko esiyinhlekelele).

Amathuluzi Emithi Yenhlekelele (noma Yenhlekelele).

Imithi yenhlekelele empeleni imele isethi yezinhlobo ezahlukene zeziyalo ezihloselwe ukufeza izinjongo ezifanayo, okungukuthi ukukhawulelwa kwe-sequelae kanye nokulahlekelwa kwezimpilo zabantu.

Isimo esinobutha lapho ukuhlinzwa kwenzeka khona sidinga ikhono lokujwayela isimo somuthi wasensimini; ukuhlonzwa kwezinto eziza kuqala kuphawu lwezokwelapha eziphuthumayo, ukuphathwa kokunakekelwa kwezempilo kwenani elikhulu lezisulu kufanele kucabangele imithi eminingi, futhi umqondo wokuthi isisulu esiqondwayo sisonke uyingqayizivele emithini yomhlaba wonke.

Kuyadingeka ukuthi kuqalwe ekuhleleni kokuvikela okusebenzayo emkhakheni ojwayelekile wemithi yemfundiso, ukugcinwa kwesigaba semisebenzi kanye nokubalulekile kwezindlela zokwelapha eziwuphawu lwemithi yempi.

Isici esiyingqayizivele somkhakha ngamunye wesayensi ukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi okusebenza.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ezibonisa umuthi wezinhlekelele:

isu: ubuciko bokuklama izinhlelo zezimo eziphuthumayo;
Logistics: iqoqo labasebenzi, izindlela kanye nezinsiza okuhloswe ngazo ukufezwa kwezinhlelo;
iqhinga: ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo ngokwembuleka kochungechunge lokuhlenga.

Isu

Isu liwubuciko bokuklama izinhlelo zezimo eziphuthumayo, futhi amatshe akhona amathathu amele itshe legumbi:

abaphathi abaphezulu: izinhlelo zezimo eziphuthumayo kufanele zilungiswe yizisebenzi ezingochwepheshe, ziklame izimo ezingase zibe khona;
izinhlelo eziphuthumayo: ukuhlelwa kwezinhlelo eziphuthumayo kunesiqalo sokuhlaziya ubungozi obukhona endaweni; kufanele kugcizelelwe ukuthi ukugcwaliseka kwempendulo kufanele kusekelwe ekubikezelweni kwezenzakalo eziphathelene nemiphumela yazo;
ukulungiswa komsebenzisi: ukuqeqeshwa komsebenzisi kuyisidingo esibalulekile.

Logistics

Logistics yikho konke okuzovumela uhlelo ukuthi luphile futhi lusebenze; kungachazwa ngokwezwi nezwi njengobuciko bokuhlinzeka nokuvumela ukuthunyelwa ngendlela efanele nokunengqondo kwamadoda, izinto zokwakha kanye nezindlela kulo mkhakha.

Imibandela ethile yokuhlola kufanele isungulwe kusenesikhathi:

uhlobo lomcimbi: isibonelo, ukuwa kwesakhiwo sokuhlala endaweni yasemadolobheni kuzoholela ekuphenduleni okuhlukile kunomzila wesitimela.
indawo yokusebenza: izimo zemvelo zithonya kakhulu ukusabela kwesistimu. Isenzo esenzeka ezindaweni okungafinyeleleki kuzo, ukuba khona kwezingozi ezengeziwe ezingase zibe khona, ubunzima obuhambisana nokufinyelela kwabahlukunyeziwe, izimo zezulu kanye nokwenzeka kokudluliswa kwezinsiza ngempumelelo endaweni yesehlakalo, kumelela izici ezibophezelayo okufanele zibhekwe ukuphathwa kokungenelela.
ubude besikhathi sokusebenza: ukuzimela kwabahlengi kanye/noma ukuzungezisa kwabo kuwukuguquguquka okubalulekile ngezinjongo zokuhlela.

amaqhinga

Iqhinga ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zokuhlenga ngezinqubo zokusebenza ezilandelanayo, okuhloswe ngazo ukudala uchungechunge lokuhlenga.

Lokhu kulandelana kuyasebenza kunoma yisiphi isigameko, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo luni lwenhlekelele, futhi kufanele kubhekwe njengemodeli yokusebenza eyisisekelo okufanele kubhekiselwe kuyo.

Izici ezithile zochungechunge lokuhlenga kufanele zihlangabezane nezidingo ezithile:

Isikhungo esisodwa esithola i-alamu, sikala umcimbi futhi sinikeze impendulo ehlelekile ngokushesha.
Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kusenhliziyweni yomuthi wezinhlekelele; nakuba izinkinga ezihlangatshezwana nezimo eziphuthumayo ezivamile zandiswa, iphutha elivame kakhulu umcabango wokubhekana nazo ngokwandisa ngokuhlelekile ukuthunyelwa kwamandla ensimini. Indlela elungile izoba wukusungula ukubaluleka kokuthuthwa kwabantu baye ezindaweni eziqondile zokunakekela izisulu. Ukwelashwa kuzokwenziwa emazingeni ahlukene, futhi ikakhulukazi ngaphakathi kwe-Advanced Medical Post (PMA) kanye ne-Evacuation Medical Center (CME), okusho ukuthi izakhiwo eziphuthumayo zezinga lokuqala nelesibili ezixhunywe phakathi kwendawo yomcimbi ( “Indawo Yokwakha”, noma “ Crash”) kanye nezibhedlela; kuzo izisulu zithuthwa zisuka endaweni yokwakha (“Piccola Noria”), zihlolwe lapho (I-Triage) futhi izinzile, ukuze ngaleyo ndlela ibekwe esimweni sokubhekana nokuthuthwa okulandelayo ezibhedlela (“Grande Noria”).
Ukukhipha isifunda esingaphazamiseki sezimoto eziphuthumayo ukusuka ku-PMA kuya ezindaweni eziqondile zokunakekelwa. Ukukhishwa kungenziwa ngosizo lwezindlela ezisetshenziswa ekuphileni kwansuku zonke noma izindlela ezikhethekile.
Ukulaliswa esibhedlela kuyisixhumanisi sokugcina ochungechungeni lokukhululeka; izibhedlela kuzodingeka zilungise izinhlelo zezimo eziphuthumayo zenani elikhulu lezisulu (lokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-Massive Injury Affluence Plans, i-PMAF).

Izigaba zesikhathi ezibonwe ngaphambili kuqhinga yilezi:

Isigaba se-alamu: indikimba ephethe ukwamukela i-alamu ephathelene nempilo yi-Operations Center (CO). Kungumsebenzi we-CO. ukudweba izinqubo zokusebenza ezaziwa yibo bonke labo abazothunyelwa enkundleni, ukulinganisa umcimbi ngeqoqo elihlosiwe lolwazi, kanye nokuhlela nokuxhumanisa impendulo (nayo yezinye izinhlangano/amaqembu) isisekelo sezidingo.
Indawo yosizo lwenhlanzeko: indawo yosizo kumele yakhiwe eduze nendawo ethintekile, ngokunokwenzeka ivikelwe “ezingozini zokuziphendukela kwemvelo”. Ezigabeni zokuqala zomcimbi, ukucindezeleka nokudideka kungafinyelela emazingeni aphezulu. Ithimba lokuqala lokuhlenga elizongenela kumele liqeqeshwe ngokwanele, ngoba lizoba nomsebenzi wokuqinisekisa nokudlulisa ulwazi oludingekayo ukuze linikeze impendulo eyanele kumcimbi.

Izici nemisebenzi yendawo yokuhlenga:

Ukwenza ngcono: isigaba sokuqala esibonakala endaweni ethintekile; ibonakala ngokungezwani kwemizwelo kanye nezimpendulo zengqondo zezinhlobo ezahlukene. Isixazululo esingaphakanyiswa sihlala siwukufundisa ngezempilo okumele, ngolwazi, ukuzibandakanya kanye nokubamba iqhaza okubonakalayo ekuzilolongeni nasekulingiseni izikhathi zokuqeqesha, okumele kuhlonze okuhloswe ngakho kuqala kubantu.
Inhlolovo yokuqala: inikeza izici zokulinganisa impendulo eyanele kumcimbi; kungenziwa futhi kusuka phezulu ngendiza, noma ngemoto yokuqala yasemhlabeni efika esizeni. Kuyiqoqo lemisebenzi ebalulekile okufanele yenziwe ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe, njengoba inhloso akusilo usizo olusheshayo kwabahlukunyeziwe kodwa ukudluliselwa kwencazelo yesigameko emaqenjini okuxhumanisa okusebenzayo, futhi ikakhulukazi ulwazi ngohlobo lwesigameko. ingozi, inani elicatshangelwayo lezisulu, kanye nama-pathologies akhona. Ukuhlolwa kuhloswe futhi ukuhlola izinga lengozi, kuqashelwe imikhawulo yesimo sendawo, ukuphikelela kwezindawo ezisengozini kanye nokuba khona kwezingozi zamanje noma ezicashile (“izingozi zokuziphendukela kwemvelo”), imiphumela yenhlekelele emvelweni ngokulinganisa okuhlobene. wokulimala kwezakhiwo, ukuhlonzwa kwezindawo zokuhlala, ukuhlolwa kwendawo lapho kuzofakwa khona i-PMA kanye nezindawo zokupaka izimoto ezifikayo.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezigaba: kusho ukuhlukaniswa kube izindawo zokusebenza ukuze kulungiswe izinsiza ezikhona. Lesi sigaba, okumele senziwa ngamaphoyisa kanye nezicishamlilo, sithatha indlela yobuchwepheshe engavamile ukuba namathimba ezempilo. Kudingeka ulwazi lwamapherimitha okuphepha kanye nokusatshalaliswa okufanele kwamaqembu. Indawo ngayinye kufanele ihlukaniswe ngokwendawo, ukuze izinsiza zosizo zihambe ngokulinganayo, futhi kuzoba nezindawo ngokulandelana kwazo ezihlukaniswe “ngezizinda zokusebenza”.
Ukuhlanganiswa: yisimo okuhloswe ngaso ukwenziwa kwemisebenzi yesikhungo yezingxenye zokuhlenga. Lo mqondo, ulula ngokuphelele ezingeni lethiyori, ngezinye izikhathi unzima kakhulu ukuwenza ngisho nasezimweni eziphuthumayo ezijwayelekile. Uma lungekho ulimi olujwayelekile kanye nezinqubo ezabiwe, amaqembu ezempilo, abacimi bomlilo, izikhungo zokugcinwa komthetho kanye nabasebenzi bokuzithandela basengozini yokuzithola besebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima, ngasinye siphishekela inhloso yaso, noma ukucabanga kwaso okusebenzayo.

Ukuthola Nokuqoqwa Kwabalimele (Sesha Nokuhlenga):

Ukuhlenga, okungukuthi isethi yemisebenzi okuhloswe ngayo ukuhambisa isisulu endaweni ephephile; ingenziwa ngabasebenzi bezobuchwepheshe.
Ukuhlenga, kwezinye izimo, ukubuyiselwa kwesisulu kufanele kwandulelwe ukukhishwa kwezindlela ezisheshayo zokusindisa impilo. Ubude besikhathi sokusebenza kokululama, amandla okuziphendukela kwezilonda, kanye nesidingo sokuqondisa okunegazi ukuze kukhululwe okuyinkimbinkimbi (isb., ukunqunywa kwezitho ezivinjwe amashidi ensimbi noma imfucumfucu) yizimo ezivame ukudinga ukungenelela kwezokwelapha lapho kutholakala khona. isisulu.
Ukungenelela okuhamba phambili, okungukuthi “Endaweni Yokusebenzela”, lapho kuzokwenziwa khona izinyathelo zokwelapha ezimbalwa ezibalulekile, ngenhloso eyodwa yokwenza abalimele baphile kuze kufike e-Advanced Medical Post.
Ukungenelela ku-Advanced Medical Post (PMA): zonke izisulu ezitholwe ezindaweni zokwakha zizodluliselwa kulesi sakhiwo (“i-Noria encane”), futhi lapha zingaphansi kwe-Triage entsha. I-Advanced Medical Post iyisikhungo sezempilo sezimo eziphuthumayo lapho izisulu zizosimamiswa futhi zikhishwe (“i-Grand Noria”) ziyiswe ezindaweni eziqondile zokunakekelwa (ezibhedlela), ngokuya ngemiyalelo yokubalulekile (amakhodi obunzima bomtholampilo) asungulwe yi-triage.
Ukuthuthwa kwabahlukumezekile (Ukukhishwa): ukukhishwa, okungukuthi ukudluliselwa ezikhungweni zesibhedlela, kuhlanganiswa yi-Operations Centre. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka emhlabeni (ama-ambulensi avamile noma lawo ahlonyiselwe ukuvuselela) noma ngendiza enophephela emhlane. Kwezinye izimo, nokho, ukusetshenziswa kwamabhasi ayehlonyelwe izinto zokuhamba ezivikelwe ngaphambili, noma izimoto ezikhethekile zezinhlekelele ezinkulu, akufanele kukhishwe. Isekhethi engaphazamiseki phakathi kwe-Advanced Medical Post kanye nezindawo zokulaliswa esibhedlela, njengoba sekuchaziwe ngenhla, kuthatha igama likaNoria.

I-Advanced Medical Post (AMP)

I-AMP ichazwa emazweni amaningi asentshonalanga njengethuluzi elisebenzayo lokukhethwa nokwelashwa kwezisulu, ezitholakala emaphethelweni angaphandle wendawo yokuphepha noma endaweni emaphakathi maqondana nengaphambili lomcimbi okungaba kokubili isakhiwo. kanye nendawo esebenzayo lapho kuzoqoqelwa khona izisulu, kugxilwe ezinsizeni zokwelashwa kokuqala, kwenziwe ukuhlolwa futhi kuhlelwe ukukhishwa ngokwezempilo kwabalimele baye ezikhungweni zesibhedlela ezifanele kakhulu.

Indawo efanele yokufaka izonqunywa umqondisi (noma umxhumanisi) wezinkonzo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha (DSS) ngokubonisana nomqondisi wezobuchwepheshe wezinkonzo eziphuthumayo (DTS).

Izakhiwo zamatshe ezikhona ngaphambili kufanele zikhethwe, njengama-hangars, izindawo zokugcina izimpahla, izindawo zokuzivocavoca, izikole; noma amafomu okulinda ane-inflatable, athunyelwa yisikhungo sokusebenza esifanelekile.

Isikhundla sezokwelapha esithuthukisiwe kufanele sihlangabezane nezidingo ezithile:

ukubekwa endaweni ephephile, kude nezingozi zokuziphendukela kwemvelo
indawo elula maqondana nemizila yokuxhumana
isignali eyanele enokufinyelela okuhlukene nokuphuma ngaphandle

izici ezifanele lokushisa, ukukhanya kanye air conditioning.

Odokotela nabahlengikazi basebenza ngaphakathi kwe-AMP, kodwa abatakuli abangebona abezokwelapha abazokwenza imisebenzi yokuhlela bangathola indawo.

IZIDLULI, IZINDAWO ZOKUGQIBELA, IZIHLALO ZOKUPHUMA AMALUNGA: IMIKHIQIZO YE-SPENCER ESEMBULWENI ESISIMENI ESIBILI EMBONONGWENI OPHUTHUMAYO

I-Triage in Disaster Medicine (noma Izinhlekelele)

I-Triage yinqubo yokuthatha izinqumo emtholampilo, okuhloswe ngayo ukusungula isikali esibalulekile seziguli maqondana nabanye; esimweni esingesona esasesibhedlela sizosetshenziswa ngezigaba ezimbili:

ngqo esimeni (Isizinda Sokusebenzela), ngenhloso yokusungula okubalulekile ekufinyeleleni kwe-Medical Post ethuthukisiwe.
ku-AMP, ngenhloso yokusungula umyalelo wokuphuma baye ezibhedlela noma kwezinye izakhiwo zomtholampilo.

Sikhumbuza umfundi ukuthi ukuhlolwa esibhedlela kuhlukaniswe kanje:

ikhodi ebomvu noma “isimo esiphuthumayo”: isiguli esisongela ukuphila esikwazi ukufinyelela ngokushesha ekungeneleleni kwezokwelapha;
ikhodi ephuzi noma “ukuphuthuma”: isiguli esiphuthumayo esinokufinyelela ekwelashweni phakathi kwemizuzu eyi-10-15;
ikhodi eluhlaza noma “ukuphuthuma okungahlehliseki” noma “ukuphuthuma okuncane”: isiguli esingenazo izimpawu zengozi yokuphila eseduze, esikwazi ukufinyelela kungakapheli imizuzu eyi-120 (amahora ama-2);
ikhodi emhlophe noma “okungeyona into ephuthumayo”: isiguli esingathintana nodokotela waso ojwayelekile.

Eminye imibala esetshenziswa ku-triage yilezi:

ikhodi emnyama: ibonisa ukufa kwesiguli (isiguli asikwazi ukuvuselelwa);
ikhodi yewolintshi: ibonisa ukuthi isiguli singcolile;
ikhodi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma “ukuphuthuma okungahlehliseki”: isiguli esinobunzima obuphakathi phakathi kwekhodi ephuzi nekhodi eluhlaza, esikwazi ukufinyelela phakathi kwemizuzu engama-60 (ihora elingu-1);
ikhodi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: ikhombisa ukuthi isiguli siye saphazamisa imisebenzi ebalulekile endaweni engaphandle kwesibhedlela ngokuvamile eyenziwa lapho engekho udokotela.

UMSAKAZO WABAHLELI EMHLABENI? VAKASHELA I-EMS RADIO BOOTH EMBUkisweni OPHUTHUMAYO

Umyalo kanye nokuxhumanisa in Disaster Medicine

Umthetho osebenza emazweni amaningi uhlinzeka ngokuthi endaweni yomcimbi inhloko Yesikhungo Sezokusebenza noma inhloko ye-DEA (Umnyango Wezimo Eziphuthumayo Nokwamukela), noma uDokotela ojutshwe yinhloko yezokwelapha yeNombolo d. indima yoMqondisi we-Medical Aid (DSS), ukuxhumana nabameleli abafanayo bezinye izikhungo ezibhekele ukuphathwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo.

Uzothwala isibopho sazo zonke izisetshenziswa zezokwelapha endaweni okusetshenzwa kuyo, agcine ukuxhumana njalo ne-Operations Centre.

I-Forward Command Post (PCA) ibonwa kusengaphambili esizeni, lapho uMqondisi Wezobuchwepheshe Wokutakula kanye ne-DSS isebenza khona. Ngokuphathelene nendima yase-US yoMkhuzi Wesigameko, Inhlangano Yase-Italy Yezokwelapha Zezinhlekelele iphakamise igama elisha loMqondisi Wezosizo Lwezokwelapha, okungukuthi Umphathi Wezinhlekelele Zezokwelapha; ukumkhomba njengomuntu, ngokombono wezempilo, okwazi ukuxhumanisa zonke izigaba ezilandelanayo zomcimbi. Ngokombono wezemfundo, inhloso yemfundo yezifundo zeMedical Disaster Manager iwukudalwa kochungechunge lwemiyalo lapho izibalo ezixhunywe isigaba esisebenzayo zizosebenza ngokuzimela, ngayinye emkhakheni wayo wamakhono.

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I-Relief Management izophathiswa umxhumanisi omkhulu, oyoba nomsebenzi wokusungula iphuzu lomyalo elithuthukisiwe, athuthukise izinsiza ezitholakalayo, aqinisekise ukuxhumana nempahla exhunywe ezindaweni zokusebenza ezisebenzayo futhi okokugcina, aqinisekise ukuthi izimo zokuphepha zikhona kubaqhubi.

I-CARDIOPROTECTION KANYE NE-CARDIOPULMONARY REANIMATION? VAKASHELA I-EMD112 BOOTH EMBUKENI ESIPHUTHUMAYO MANJE UKUZE Uthole OKWENGEZIWE

Ithimba labaphathi bezimo eziphuthumayo

Ifilosofi ehlongozwayo ohlelweni lwe-MDM iyintsha impela ngoba ibukela phansi inani lomyalo obeka endaweni eyodwa imithwalo indima ehilela yena.

Ukuphathwa kwalolu hlobo kuzohluleka ngenxa yomthwalo omkhulu womsebenzi kanye nezicelo ezizofika ngesikhathi esifushane.

Isixazululo esihlongozwayo wukubeka ukudidiyelwa eqenjini lochwepheshe abajutshwe ezindaweni ezithatha izinqumo zochungechunge lokuhlenga.

Umholi ngamunye uxhunyaniswa nomxhumanisi ngesigaba esisebenzayo, okungukuthi ugcina cishe ukuzimela okuphelele endaweni yakhe yomthwalo wemfanelo.

Ukuhlonza indima

Esinye sezici ezibalulekile zokusebenzisana ukuhlonza izindima kulo mkhakha.

Usizo lwezokwelapha luphinde luhlangabezane nale nkinga ekuphileni kwansuku zonke kokungenelela okuphuthumayo okujwayelekile, kodwa kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amabhantshi anombala ukuze kugqanyiswe imisebenzi yabaxhumanisi.

UKUBALULEKA KOQEQESHO LOKUHLANGANISA: VAKASHELA I-SQUICCIARINI RECUE BOOTH FUTHI UTHOLA INDLELA YOKULUNGISELELA IZIMO EZISIPHUTHUMAYO.

Izinhlelo eziphuthumayo zasesibhedlela

Uma kwenzeka kuba nochungechunge lwezokwelapha olulinganiselwe, ezokuthutha ziyanqanyulwa esibhedlela esisodwa noma ngaphezulu endaweni, okuzodingeka ukuthi kulungiswe izinhlelo zokungena ngobuningi bokulimala ngokwemithethonqubo yamanje.

Ingxoxo yezinkinga ezihlobene nokuphathwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo zesibhedlela esikhulu idlula okuqukethwe kwalo mbhalo, noma kunjalo sifuna ukucacisa ukuthi umqondo wochungechunge lomyalo uhlala usebenza futhi endaweni yesibhedlela; kuze kube manje, i-Italian Association of Disaster Medicine ithuthukise isibalo soMphathi Wezinhlekelele Zesibhedlela (i-HDM) okuthi, ngenkathi sihamba esimweni esihlukile sokusebenza, sigcina ifilosofi ehlongozwayo ingashintshiwe.

Izibhedlela zimele isixhumanisi sokugcina ku-Rescue Chain, eyaqala ngokuvula i-alamu e-Operations Centre.

Njengoba kushiwo, nakuba kunomehluko wezindawo, empeleni iYurophu namanye amazwe amaningi ahlongoza lolu hlelo lokungenelela kwabatakuli ezimeni eziphuthumayo ezinkulu.