Iyo peritoneum idete, rinenge rakajeka, mesothelial serous membrane inowanikwa mudumbu inoumba lining ye abdominal cavity uye chikamu che pelvic cavity (parietal peritoneum), uye zvakare inovhara chikamu chikuru che viscera iri mukati mayo (visceral peritoneum). ), panguva imwe chete vachizvibatanidza kumadziro egomba (viscera ligaments)

Izwi rekuti peritoneum rinobva pashoko rechiGiriki rekuti περί (perì ) rinoreva kutenderedza uye τονείος (tonéios) zvichireva kuti kufukidzwa, izvo zvinobva zvabva paizwi rechiito τείνω (téinō), kuvhara: kutaura zvazviri, peritoneum inhengo inofukidza nhengo dzemuviri. dumbu nemadziro edumbu.

Iyo peritoneum ndiyo yakakura pane ese serous membranes uye, nekuda kwekurongeka kwayo, zvakare yakanyanya kuoma

Kuoma uku kunobva pamusoro pezvese kuti pachinzvimbo chekuisa nhengo imwe chete nechiso chakada kufanana, sezvinoitwa nepleura inovhara mapapu kana pericardium inogara pamoyo, iyo yakaenzana nedumbu, iyo peritoneum inofukidza akati wandei. nhengo, dzakarongwa uye dzakatariswa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana uye zvakare dzine zvimiro zvisina kurongeka.

Iyo visceral peritoneum, maererano nekusagadzikana uku, inoumbawo mapete makuru pakati penhengo; muenzaniso unoshamisa ndeye omentum hombe, iyo inotambanuka seapuroni pamusoro peuranda hwemukati, kutanga kubva pakukombama kukuru kwedumbu.

Iyo peritoneum inoumbwa neyepamusoro-soro masero emesothelial anotsigirwa nematehwe matete e extraperitoneal connective tissue, ayo mune mamwe matunhu akanyanya kupfuma mumafuta lobules, senge itsvo, inguinal region, kumwe kudzokororwa kweperitoneum nekunze. pamusoro pedumbu guru; zvinoratidzika kuti mafuta aya anounganidza anoita basa rekudzivirira uye rinotsigira nhengo. Iyo peritoneum inoshanda kwete chete semucheka uye tsigiro yeabdominal viscera, asiwo se 'conduit' yeropa uye lymph midziyo uye tsinga dzeabdominal region.

Iyo peritoneum, seimwe serous membranes, ine ine yakaonda inoenderera lamina

Zvichienderana nechinzvimbo chayo mudumbu remudumbu, inosiyaniswa mukati

• parietal peritoneum, iyo yekunze, iyo inotarisa mukati memadziro emimba-pelvic cavity;
• visceral peritoneum, iyo yemukati-kati, iyo inovhara yakawanda ye viscera iri mukati meabdominal cavity.

Pakati pezvikamu zviviri izvi pane nzvimbo, inonzi peritoneal cavity (kana kuti hollow), iyo yakavharwa zvachose uye naizvozvo iine mhango inozadzwa chete nehuwandu hushoma (inenge 50 ml) ye serous fluid inoshanda semafuta, inobvumira. iwo maviri akaturikidzana kuti atsvedze pamwechete pasina kukweshana kwakanyanya.

Iyo visceral peritoneum, ine mapete akawanda akatenderedza nhengo dzedumbu, inoderedza peritoneal cavity kuita diki zvinoshamisa, inenge nzvimbo chaiyo.

Dzimwe nhengo dzedumbu dzakaputirwa zvachose ne peritoneum uye dzinopihwa kapepa kaviri, kanonzi meso (semuenzaniso mesentery yemudumbu mudiki, mesocolon yecolon, mesometrium yechibereko, zvichingodaro), inobatana navo. kune parietal peritoneum yemadziro emimba.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, senge mumesentery, jira rine maviri akaiswa mashiti e visceral peritoneum rinoita kusanganisa nerimwe shizha, zvichiita kuti pave nekupeta kunozviisa mukati memadziro epashure edumbu pamwe nemutsara wakatsetseka unomhanya uchibva muduodenal. -digiunal flexure kune iyo iliac fossa yakarurama.

Mune dzimwe nhengo, dzakadai seduodenum uye inokwira uye ichidzika colon, peritoneum inoumba jira risina kukwana, rinosiya dzimwe nzvimbo dzisina kuvharwa dzichisangana nemadziro emimba yepashure.

Iyo peritoneum yakakamurwa kuita matunhu makuru maviri, akabatanidzwa ne epiploic foramen

Iyo yakakura peritoneal cavity (kana peritoneum ye peritoneal cavity yakakodzera).

Iyo yakachinjika mesocolon inoratidza:

• Supra-mesocolic nzvimbo
• Submesocolic nzvimbo, yakakamurwa kuita maviri asymmetrical halves, kurudyi nekuruboshwe, ne mesentery. Kurudyi idiki, yakavharwa pamwero wececum, nepo kuruboshwe sub-mesocolic nzvimbo yakavhurika muchiuno, yakakamurwa kubva pane iyi nemesosigma.

Iyo omental bursa (kana diki peritoneal cavity)

Mumwe anogona kusiyanisa:

• Iyo Diki omentum (gastrohepatic omentum kana diki epiploon) yakabatana nediki curvature yemudumbu uye chiropa (kuburikidza nemarunda: hepatogastric uye hepatoduodenal, pars flaccida uye pars densa zvakateerana).
• The great omentum (kana kuti gastrocolic omentum kana great epiploon kana epiploic apron) inobva muvisceral peritoneum inotenderedza mudhuri wepashure nepamberi pemudumbu, inotangira pakukombama kukuru kwedumbu ichidzika seapuroni pamberi pezvishwe zve. ura hudiki kusvika kumutsara we theoretical unopfuura nepakati peanterosuperior iliac crests, uye zvino curves kuita loop anteroposteriorly uye inobatanidza kumusoro kune inotenderera colon, (4 mapeji akazara); inoita basa rekuparadzanisa nekudzivirira ura.

Inguinal dimple

Iyo inguinal dimples zvikamu zveparietal leaflet ye peritoneum, iyo, ichizorora pane inotenderera fascia, inogadzira dimples padivi remukati remadziro anterior edumbu.

Vakakamurwa kuva:

• Outer inguinal dimple: iyi inowanikwa nechemberi kune yakaderera epigastric midziyo.
• Mid inguinal dimple: inorara pakati pemitsipa yakaderera epigastric uye lateral umbilical ligament (yakaputsika umbilical artery);
• Internal inguinal dimple: iri pakati pe lateral umbilical ligament uye median umbilical ligament (yakaputswa urachus).

Kurongeka kwe peritoneal structures

Zvimiro zviri mudumbu zvinorondedzerwa se intraperitoneal, retroperitoneal kana infraperitoneal zvichienderana nekuti ivo vanonyatso kuvharwa ne visceral peritoneum uye kuvapo kana kusavapo kwemesenteries.

Intraperitoneal zvimiro zvinowanzofamba, nepo retroperitoneal zvimiro zvakagadziriswa munzvimbo yavo.

Dzimwe nhengo, dzakadai seitsvo, dzinotsanangurwa se 'primarily retroperitoneal', nepo dzimwe nhengo, dzakadai sechikamu chikuru cheduodenum uye pancreas (kunze kwemuswe, iyo intraperitoneal), inoonekwa se'secondarily retroperitoneal' , zvichireva kuti nhengo idzi dzakakura dziri intraperitoneal uye gare gare, nekurasikirwa nemeso avo, dzakava retroperitoneal.

Zvirwere

Kufanana nedzimwe nhengo, iyo peritoneum zvakare iri pasi pema pathologies, ayo anosanganisira acute kana asingaperi, anopararira kana circumscribed kuzvimba maitiro (peritonitis, perivisceritis, abscesses), asiri chaiwo kana chaiwo hunhu.

Kashoma kwazvo mamota ekutanga, akadai sefibromas, lipomas, myxomas, mesotheliomas, sarcomas, uye yechipiri semhedzisiro yemametastases kubva kune dzimwe nhengo.

Pneumoperitoneum, kufanana nepneumothorax mu thoracic cavity, kuvapo kwegesi mukati me peritoneal cavity, iyo inogona kuitika muchiitiko chekuputika kwedumbu kana mudumbu; izvi zvinogadzira mamiriro ane njodzi zvakanyanya, sekuperekedzwa nekuboora kazhinji kunobuda kwemvura kubva mudumbu kana mudumbu, izvo zvinogona kukonzera yakaipisisa fomu ye peritonitis.

Peritonitisi inzvimbo yekuzvimba ye membrane uye/kana peritoneal cavity inoitika muzviitiko zvekupwanya kana kuputika kwehutachiona hwemudumbu viscera, kana zvese pamwe chete.

Icho chirwere chinotungamirira kumufananidzo wakaoma wekliniki uye kazhinji inoda kupindira kwekukurumidzira.

Ascites ndiko kuwanda kwekuunganidza kwemvura mu peritoneal cavity.

Adherent mabhiriji ane reactive fibrotic zvimiro zvinotungamira kune shanduko mune yakajairwa anatomy uye physiology yemudumbu mudiki.

Peritoneal dialysis

Mune imwe mhando ye dialysis, inonzi peritoneal dialysis, mhinduro inounzwa kuburikidza nekatheta mu peritoneal cavity.

Iyi mvura inosara mukati medumbu kweimwe nguva yenguva kuitira kuti inotora uremic toxins, iyo inobva yabviswa pamwe chete nemhinduro kuburikidza ne catheter yakashandiswa kare.

Uku 'kucheneswa' kunoitika nekuda kwehuwandu hukuru hwema capillaries mu peritoneal membrane kuburikidza nemagadzirirwo emamolecular diffusion yezvinhu.

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