Kubva pakurwadziwa muchipfuva uye ruoko rworuboshwe kusvika pakunzwa rufu: izvi zviratidzo zvemyocardial infarction

By Cristiano Antonino On Oct 25, 2022

Kana vanhu vachitaura nezve infarction, ivo vanowanzoreva myocardial infarction, asi infarction inogona kuitika mumitezo yakati wandei.

'Infarction' ishoko rinowanzoreva kufa (necrosis) kwemamwe maseru munyama yakapihwa nekuti haagamuchire ropa rakakwana uye okisijeni kubva muhurongwa hwekutenderera kweropa.

Semuenzaniso, cerebral stroke, inonziwo 'stroke', infarction yechikamu cheuropi.

Myocardial infarction, naizvozvo, ndiyo necrosis yechikamu chemyocardium, inova tsandanyama yemoyo.

Zvinoitika kana kuvharika mutsinga dzemwoyo, tsinga dzinotakura ropa kuenda kumoyo, kunodzivirira kubuda kweropa nguva dzose'.

SEI tsinga dzeCoronary dzichiva DZIDZISO

Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda nei coronary artery ichivharika.

Chikonzero chikuru pasina mubvunzo chakabatana neatherosclerosis, chirwere chemudziyo pachayo chinotungamirira kukuunganidza kwecholesterol, zvino pakuumbwa kweplaque.

Iri dombo rinogona kutetepa zvishoma nezvishoma tsinga, nokudaro zvichikonzera yatinoti ischaemia, chiitiko chakasiyana neinfarction.

Tinotaura nezve infarct, chaizvoizvo, munyaya yekukanganiswa zvachose kwekuyerera kweropa, asi ischaemia inoitika kana pane 'kuderera' kwekuyerera, kunokonzerwa ne stenosis, kureva kuderera kwe lumen yemudziyo zvakanyatsonaka. nekuda kwe atherosclerotic plaque.

Zvinogonawo kuitika kuti plaque inogona 'kuputika' mukati memudziyo.

Muchiitiko ichi, muviri unopindura nekuzvidzivirira sezvaunoita, kurerutsa, munyaya yeronda, zvichikonzera simba rinogona kuenda kusvika kune infarction.

The reparative process set in motion in response kune kuputika kweplaque inosanganisira kugadzira clot, thrombus, iyo inotyisidzira kuunza thrombosis yemudziyo, kureva kuvhara kwetsinga inovhara zvachose kubuda kweropa.

Zvipingamupinyi hazviwanzokonzerwa nematombo asiwo nematambudziko ekushanda, zvakadai sevasoconstriction yeiyi tsinga.

Plaques handizvo chete zvinokonzeresa coronary blocks dzimwe nguva matambudziko anoshanda, senge vasospasm, anoburitsa kukanganiswa kwekuyerera kweropa.

Tora, somuenzaniso, kushandiswa zvisina kufanira kwezvinodhaka zvakadai se<em>cocaine: zvakanaka, izvi zvinogona kuparira icho chinozivikanwa se<em>coronary spasm, icho, kana chikaramba chiripo kwenguva yakareba, ndicho chimwe chisakiso chehosha yemwoyo.

Chiremba wemwoyo anotiyeuchidza kuti isu tese tinowanzo kurwara neatherosclerosis, asi isu tinofanira kuedza kuifambisa zvishoma sezvinobvira uye nekudaro tishande panjodzi dzemoyo.

MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, DIABETES UYE HYPERTENSION Vavengi Vemoyo.

Pakati pezvipingamupinyi zviri zvechokwadi chirwere cheshuga, hypertension, high blood pressure, high cholesterol values, kunyange triglycerides, kusakanganwa kufutisa, kupfutidza, kusvuta uye nhoroondo yemhuri.

Muchokwadi, kunyangwe rudzi rwe genetic predisposition inogona kukurumidza uye kuwedzera maitiro echisikigo eatherosclerosis.

Zvimwe zvinokonzeresa njodzi izera uye murume kana murume.

ANO NDIWO ALARM MABELLO EMYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

Asi ndezvipi zviratidzo zvinoita kuti tifungidzire myocardial infarction?

Mu infarction, nguva inokosha zvikuru.

Nguva ndiyo inosarudza, pasina kupokana.

Nekukurumidza patinoziva chirwere chemoyo, nekukurumidza kwatinosvika pakuongororwa, uye nekukasira kwatinogona kuchirapa, uye nekudaro chengetedza matishu akawanda: nekukasira isu, muchidimbu, ndipo patinowedzera kukuvara kwechirwere chemoyo.

Zviratidzo ndezviya zvekufungidzira kwakajairika, kureva kurwadziwa muchipfuva uye ruoko rworuboshwe, asi tichipiwa kukosha kwekuzviongorora nekukurumidza, ngativei nemazvo pakutsanangura zviratidzo zvakajairika uye zvisinganyanyozivikanwa zvinofanirwa kutivhundutsa.

Myocardial infarction inowanzoratidzwa nekurwadziwa muchipfuva, pakati pechipfuva, ine maitiro chaiwo: varwere vakawanda vanotsanangura rudzi rwehuipi, kunzwa kwekudzvinyirirwa kwakasimba muchipfuva.

Kupfuura kurwadziwa kwetsandanyama, iko kufinyamisa, kudzvinyirira kurwadziwa pamwero wechipfuva, pasi pe sternum, bhonzo riri pakati pechipfuva.

Marwadzo echipfuva, ayo anodzvanyirira uye anoenderera, anowanzo kuperekedzwa nemarwadzo anowanzo penya pabendekete neruoko rweruboshwe, kunyanya chikamu chekunze, panowanikwa kagunwe.

Aya ndiwo maitiro akajairika ekurwadziwa kwechipfuva izvo zvinogona kuva chiratidzo cheyambiro yekuenderera mberi kwechirwere chemoyo.

Marwadzo emuchipfuva anowanzo kuperekedzwa nekufemeruka kunoshamisa, nzara chaiyo yemhepo.

KUDIKIDZIRWA RUOKO UYE KURURAMA PACHIFUVA

Mushonga, kunyangwe pachinhu ichi chakapfava, haisi sainzi chaiyo.

Marwadzo anogona zvakare kupenya nenzira yehunhu kumashure, pakati pemapendekete, kana kusvika kumusoro mutsipa, ichisvika pasi peshaya.

Kwete izvozvo chete: dzimwe nguva ruoko rwerudyi runogonawo kukanganiswa nemwaranzi yekurwadziwa kwemoyo.

Saka, kupfupisa: kurwadziwa kwakanyanya muchipfuva chemhando inodzvinyirira, inopenya kuruoko rworuboshwe, kusvika kushaya, zvichida kunyange shure, uye yakabatana nekufema kwekushanda, aya ose mabhero anokosha anofanira kuita kuti tizvidye mwoyo uye titsvake rubatsiro. .

Sokunge izvo zvakanga zvisina kukwana, izvi zviri pachena zvakabatana nokushayiwa kukuru.

Kune vanhu vanotaura kunzwa kunzwa kwerufu, zvino kufunganya, kudikitira, uye dzimwe nguva izvi zvinogona kutoguma nekufenda.

Zvisinei, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti pane zviitiko apo kurwisa kwemoyo kunopfuurira hakuiti zviratidzo, chero kurwadziwa.

Kune varwere vanotaura kuti havana kana kurwadziwa, kana kungonzwa kurwadza kweruoko, shaya kana mudumbu.

CHENJERA KUISA KUPANGANISA NEGASTRIC PAIN

Zvinowanzoitika kuvhiringa infarction ne epigrastralgia, kureva kurwadziwa mudumbu.

Uku kurwadziwa kwepazasi kwechipfuva, panzvimbo yatinowana dumbu.

Izvo, zvakare, zvinogona kuve chaizvo nzvimbo yekurwadziwa kwemoyo.

Saka zvinoratidzika kuti vanhu vanorerutsa zvavanofunga kuti kurwadziwa kwegastric, kurwadziwa kubva kune gastritis, nezvinozopedzisira zvave dambudziko remoyo panzvimbo.

Nzira yekusiyanisa sei dumbu rinowanzorwadza kubva pakurwadziwa kwemoyo?

Munhu anofanira kubhadhara kune rudzi rwemarwadzo.

Kana epigastralgia ikazviratidza nemaradiation atakatsanangura pakutanga, kana akabatana nekudikitira kana kufema, saka kungave kusiri kurwadziwa kwemudumbu asi kurwadziwa kwechipfuva kwekukosha kwemoyo.

YAmbiro KUVAdzimai: DZIMWE NGUVA ZVIRATIDZO ZVAKASIYANA

Zvadaro yambiro inokosha kuvakadzi.

Zvinogona kuitika kuti vakadzi vane chirwere chemoyo, panzvimbo yekurwadziwa kwechipfuva chaiko, vanonzwa kusvotwa, kurutsa, kana kungodikitira, kana kunzwa kurwadziwa kwakangoperera kumusana kwemuviri.

Nekuda kweizvi zvisinganyanyi kuzivikanwa, zvakanyanya nuanced uye zvisinganzwisisiki zviratidzo, zvinowanzoitika kuti vakadzi, vanotambura nechirwere chemoyo sevarume, kunyanya mushure mezera rakati, havakurumidzi kununurwa, nemigumisiro yakakomba zvikuru.

CHII CHAUNOITA MUCHIITIKO CHEMYOCARDIAL INFARCTION?

Chii chaunofanira kuita kana chimwe chezviratidzo izvi chikaonekwa?

Chekutanga, munhu anofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti chiitiko chemoyo nekuti, sezvatataura, zviratidzo hazvisi nyore kududzira.

Vanachiremba chete ndivo vanogona kuita izvi, uye saka zvakakosha kuenda kune iyo chipinda chekukurumidzira nekukurumidza sezvinobvira.

Marwadzo atakatsanangura dzimwe nguva anoitika nguva nenguva: matwinji anochinjana nenguva dzekuzorora.

Kana zviratidzo izvi zvikaramba zviripo kwemaminetsi gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi maviri, zano nderekuti usanonoke uye ubate ve emergency emergency service nekufona 15 kana 20.

Chete muimba yekukurumidzira, chaizvoizvo, kana chimiro chemwoyo chezviratidzo chave chichizivikanwa - munyaya iyi, kunyange kungoita electrocardiogram kana mamwe marudzi ekuongorora zvakakwana - vanachiremba vanogona kuita nokukurumidza pane myocardial infarction.

Panyaya iyi, tine network yehemodynamics laboratories apo kurapa kwakanakisisa kwekukurumidzira kwemoyo infarction kunoitwa: kushandisa anesthesia yemunharaunda uye kuiswa kwekateti maduku mukati mehutachiwana, tsinga dzemwoyo dzinoonekwa uye kuvhara kunorapwa nenzira ye inonzi 'primary angioplasty', iyo inosanganisira kuvhurazve mudziyo uye kuisa stent diki mukati mechirwere checoronary artery.

Kuwedzera, zvinokwanisika kuita electrocardiograms mu amburenzi pakadaidzwa rubatsiro rwechimbichimbi.

Izvi zvinobvumira kukurumidza kuongororwa uye kutumirwa kwemurwere kunzvimbo yakashongedzerwa zvakanyanya yerudzi urwu rwekununura.

Saka, iyo meseji yandinoda kudzokorora ndeyekuti: kusarerutsa zviratidzo zvinokubvumira kupindira nekukurumidza uye kudzikisira zvakanyanya kukuvadzwa kwechirwere chemoyo '.

'KUNYARARA' KWEMOYO

Zvinogonawo kuitika, zvisinei, kuti chirwere chemoyo chinoenda zvachose chisingaoneki.

Kune vanhu vasingazive kuti vane chirwere chemoyo, uye zvinoitika kuti kune varwere vasingazvizivi.

Muchiitiko ichi tiri kubata nezvinonzi 'silent heart attack', iyo inonyanya kuwanikwa muvarwere vane chirwere cheshuga. Kana kuti zviratidzo zvaivepo asi hazvina kurondwa kumashure kwechirwere chemoyo.

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Somuenzaniso, murwere, achikurudzirwa navanachiremba, anoyeuka kuva nemarwadzo akakomba omudumbu munguva yakapfuura.

Ikoko, panguva iyoyo, tinogona kuvakazve kuti kurwadziwa mudumbu kwakanga kusiri chiratidzo chegastritis, asi ye infarction, zvino nerufaro yakashanduka zvakanaka, yakagadzikana kwemakore, nokuti nzvimbo duku chete yemoyo yakanga yakuvadzwa, pasina kukonzera. kukanganisa zvachose kwenhengo.

MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION UYE KUSUNGWA KWEMWOYO, ZVIVIRI ZVINHU ZVIviri ZVAKASIYANA ASI ZVAKASIYANA

Musiyano unowanzosanyanya kujeka ndewekuti pakati pemyocardial infarction uye kusungwa kwemoyo.

Izvo zvinhu zviviri zvakasiyana, kunyange zvine hukama, zvinhu.

Isu tinotaura nezvekusungwa kwemoyo kana moyo usingachashande, usingachaiti basa repombi uye, nokudaro, unomira kupa ropa kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Kana ropa rikasasvika kunhengo, masero anofa. Nhengo yekutanga kukanganiswa iuropi, nekuti inoramba ichida oxygen (uye nokudaro kuyerera kusingapindiki kweropa) kushanda.

Uku kusungwa kwemoyo.

Kazhinji kusungwa kunogadzirwa nedambudziko remagetsi.

Rega ndiedze kujekesa: moyo imhasuru inoshanda nekuda kwemukati memagetsi kukurudzira.

Zvinogona kuitika kuti, nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana zvandisingazonyora pano, rudzi rwe 'short circuit' runoitika, kusarongeka kwekuita kwemagetsi kunotungamirira kune zvisingawanzoitiki kana kuti zvakanyanya kukurumidza kupera kwemoyo, izvo zvinozopedzisira zvakanganisa. basa repombi.

Cardiac infarction, kune rumwe rutivi, ndiyo, sezvatataura, kuvharidzirwa kwemakumbo emwoyo: chipingamupinyi chemagetsi chinodzivisa kufamba kwenguva dzose kweropa kumwoyo.

Kusungwa kwemoyo uye myocardial infarction naizvozvo hazvina kufanana.

Zvisinei, infarction chimwe chezvikonzero zvekusungwa kwemwoyo.

Avo vane chirwere chemwoyo vanogona kunge vane kusungwa kwemwoyo, kunyange zvisingaiti hazvo: kurwiswa kwemoyo kwakawanda hakusanganisi kusungwa kwemwoyo.

Sezvineiwo, hazvisi zvese kusungwa kwemoyo kunokonzerwa nekurwiswa kwemoyo.

Sezvatotsanangurwa kare, kusungwa kwemwoyo kunobva kune dambudziko remagetsi, arrhythmia, iyo inokonzera kusarongeka kwebasa rose remagetsi uye nokudaro, mumatambudziko akaoma, inotungamirira kusungwa kwemwoyo.

Muzvikamu izvi zvearrhythmia yakaoma, kune zvinosuruvarisa zvakasiyana-siyana pathologies uye zvirwere zvisingaperi izvo zvinotungamirira kune arrhythmias yakadaro, uropi ndiyo nhengo yekutanga kutambura uye, nekuda kweizvi, murwere anorasikirwa nekuziva uye anofenda.

Kana isu tikasaita nekukurumidza nekumanikidza kwechipfuva uye nekukurumidza defibrillation, kufa kweuropi kana kufa kwemuviri wese kunogona kuitika.

Kunyange mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, naizvozvo, kupindira nokukurumidza kwakakosha zvikuru: 'massage emwoyo', kana kuti kumanikidzika kwechipfuva, kunotibvumira kuwana nguva inokosha uye kuchengetedza uropi neimwe nzira, asi ndiyo defibrillator, inozivikanwa nemashoko ayo egirini 'AED. ' kana 'EAD', izvo zvinogara zvichifunga.

Iyo defibrillator inokwanisa, yakazvimiririra, yekuziva yakanyanya arrhythmia uye 'kuikanganisa' nekuvhunduka kwemagetsi.

Sezvingango fungirwa zviri nyore, kushanda kwacho ndiko kwakanyanya kukurumidza kushandiswa kwe defibrillator: zvakare, iyo nguva yakakosha.

KUDPURERA NJODZI

Chiremba anobva atanga shoko kuvagari kuti vachengetedze moyo yavo.

Kudzivirira kunokosha zvechokwadi, kuputsa zvinhu zvose zvine ngozi zvakanyanya sezvinobvira.

Nokudaro, dzidzo pamusoro pemararamiro ane hutano, kureva kudya kwakakwana, kurega kusvuta, kurovedza muviri uye kuderedza kushungurudzika, pamwe chete nekuongorora nguva dzose kutarisa ropa uye cholesterol tsika uye kurapwa kwechirwere cheshuga.

Munhu anogona kunzwa akakodzera zvakakwana, asi kana akasayera BP, haazombozvioni kuti ane high blood pressure, nokuti izvi zvinogona kuva asymptomatic.

Chinhu chimwe chete chinoshanda pakuongororwa kweropa, nokuti high cholesterol hainzwisisiki kumurwere, inogona kungoonekwa nekuongorora ropa.

Sezvandaedza kutsanangura, zvakakosha kudzivirira kunonoka zvakanyanya sezvinobvira. Muchiitiko chezviratidzo zvemyocardial infarction, isu hatimiriri, hatinonoke: tinofonera emergency emergency service nekukurumidza.

Kuzengurira kupi zvako kunogona kuuraya.

Munguva yedenda, vanhu vazhinji, zvinonzwisisika kutya nenjodzi yekutapukirwa nehutachiona hweSars-CoV-2, vakarerutsa zviratidzo zvavo uye kunonoka kufona kuti vabatsirwe, dzimwe nguva vachinonoka kusvika.

DZIDZO MUMUNHU WECARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation maneuvers inofanira kunge iri chikamu chedzidzo yeruzhinji yemunhu wese: kukwanisa kuziva kusungwa kwemoyo, kuita kunyangwe kumanikidzwa kwechipfuva, pakudzika kwakapihwa uye mutinhimira, kudana rubatsiro uye kuwana defibrillator kwakakosha zvakanyanya kupindira kwekutanga muchiitiko chemoyo. kusungwa uye kutibvumira chaizvo kuponesa hupenyu hwevanhu.

KUDIWA KWEDEFIBRILLATORS

Ndicho chikonzero nei zvakakosha kusimbirira pakuda kwekugovera defibrillator mundima yose.

Zvakakwana kutaura kuti defibrillators muzvivako zvehurumende uye mahofisi zvakakosha sezvakangoita zvekudzimisa moto: kuva nemagetsi akawanda, uye mamwe makosi pamusoro pekushandiswa kwakarurama kwemichina iyi iri nyore, zvinoreva kuva nemukana uri nani wekuponesa hupenyu hwevanhu vanobatwa nekusungwa kwemwoyo. .

Sezvinowanzoitika, ruzivo rwakapararira uye kupindirana kwevanhu nenharaunda ndivo vabatsiri vehupenyu uye hutano, kusanganisira iyo yemoyo.

Kubatanidza zvidziviriro zvemunhu, kureva kudzivirira uye kuongorora, kuzivikanwa kwezviratidzo zvinotyisa uye kupindira nekukurumidza muchiitiko chekusungwa kwemoyo ndizvo zvinhu zvitatu zvakakosha kudzivirira kukanganisa kusingagadzirike.