Ukraine: 'iyi ndiyo nzira yekupa rubatsiro rwekutanga kumunhu akakuvadzwa nepfuti'

By Cristiano Antonino On February 3, 2023

Rubatsiro rwekutanga kune vanhu vakakuvadzwa nepfuti: iyo Security Service yeUkraine yakaburitsa nhevedzano yezvidzidzo zvedzidzo nezvekurapa kwehunyanzvi - pre-chipatara rubatsiro rwekutanga.

Iyi ruzivo mumamiriro ehondo inogona kubatsira kuchengetedza hupenyu hwemunhu kumberi.

Vhidhiyo iyi, kudzidziswa kwevashandi vemauto vanobatanidzwa mukurwisana, yakabudiswa nepepanhau Pravda, sezvo chaizvoizvo moto wemoto uri kunyanya kusanganisira vanhuwo zvavo.

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Vhidhiyo Tutorial 1. Kubatsira munhu akuvara pamoto

Muvhidhiyo iyi, mauto akasarudzika kubva kuSecurity Service's Special Operations Center 'A' anotsanangura nzira yekubatsira munhu akuvara pamoto uye kuratidza nzira yekudzivirira imwe kukuvara panguva yehondo.

Kune marudzi maviri erubatsiro kumunhu akuvara ari pamoto: kuzvibatsira uye kubatsirana.

Kuti upe rubatsiro rwekubatana kune vakakuvadzwa, zvakakosha kuita sezvinotevera

nzvenga moto
tsvaga pokuvanda.

Izvo zvino zvakakosha kuongorora kuoma kwekukuvara uye mamiriro emunhu akabatwa, wozomupa mirairo, zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu:

dzosera moto
tsvaga pekugara pakachengeteka uye uende kwairi,
tanga kuzvibatsira kana munhu akabatwa achikwanisa kuzviita ega.

Kana munhu akuvara asingakwanisi kufamba kana kuti afenda, chirongwa chinofanira kugadzirwa kuti chisvike kwaari.

Chinhu chega chinogona kuitwa muchikamu chekubatsira che'pasi pemoto', kana mamiriro ehunyanzvi achibvumidza, kumisa kubuda ropa kukuru nekushandisa mushonga. tourniquet.

Iwe unogona kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pezviratidzo zvekubuda ropa kukuru, kuzvibatsira, mitemo yekushandisa tourniquet muchikamu che 'pasi pemoto', kuve nechokwadi chekufamba kwemhepo, kufambisa munhu akuvara kubva munhandare yehondo kuenda kune pekugara muvhidhiyo yekutanga yeSBU.

Vhidhiyo Tutorial 2. Kubatsira munhu akakuvadzwa pfuti mumamiriro ezvinhu ehungwaru uye kuongorora kiti yerubatsiro rwekutanga

Mushure mokunge vakuvadzwa vatamiswa kubva munzvimbo yemoto kuenda kune imwe nzvimbo yakachengeteka, rubatsiro pasi pemaitiro eunyanzvi hunodiwa.

Security Service yeUkraine yataura izvo zvinofanirwa kunge zviri muuto rega rega rubatsiro rwekutanga kit uye kuti mununuri wemunhu akuvara anofanira kuita sei asati atanga kupa rubatsiro zvinoenderana neiyo MARCH algorithm.

Iyo MARCH algorithm inosarudza zvinokosheswa uye kurongeka kwezviito mukupa rubatsiro kune vakakuvadzwa.

Inoshandiswa kana varwi vasisina moto uye vanogona kutarisisa kuponesa shamwari dzavo.

Chii chinofanira kunge chiri mubhokisi rerubatsiro rwekutanga remurwi:

paramedic chigero,
magirovhosi ekurapa,
tourniquet,
swabs - gauze ine uye isina haemostat;
bhandeji kumisa kubuda ropa,
nasopharyngeal cannula yekufema turakiti,
occlusive adhesive kumaronda akavhara,
thermal blanket,
bhandeji reziso
Pill-pack, ine antibiotic uye anti-inflammatory drugs,
zvigamba zvetishu,
'kadhi remaronda' uye chiratidzo chekusingaperi.

Muvhidhiyo iwe unogona zvakare kudzidza zvakawanda nezve:

kurongeka uye kutonga kweiyo kuchengetedza perimeter,
kubvisa vakakuvara zvombo,
mamiriro ekumisikidza kubuda,
kuisa first aid kit neturnstile pa midziyo.
kusarudzwa kwekuumbwa kwekiti yekutanga yekubatsira.

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Chidzidzo 3. The MARCH algorithm. M - Kudzima moto uye kubuda ropa kukuru

Muvhidhiyo iyi, SBU inotsanangura nzira yekudzora kubuda ropa kukuru mumunhu akuvara, nekuti munhu anogona kufa mukati memaminitsi kubva pakurasikirwa kweropa nekukurumidza.

SBU yakatsanangura kuti zviito zvemurwi zvinofanirwa kunge zvakaita sei pakununura shamwari.

Zvikuru sei:

maitiro ekuita nemazvo bvunzo yekuona uye tactile yemunhu akuvara,
sei uye riini yekushandisa tourniquet,
nguva yekushandisa tamponade,
pakuisa bhandeji,
sei kuongorora kuvhunduka

Chidzidzo 4. The MARCH algorithm. A - Airway patency

Mushure mekumisa kubuda kukuru kweropa, danho rinotevera rekutarisira nderokutarisa kuziva kwemunhu akuvara, kuita kune izwi, kuita kumarwadzo.

Kana akasapindura kune chimwe chezvinokurudzira, zvakakosha kutarisa kana munhu akuvara ari kufema.

Kuti uite izvi, tambo yengowani inofanira kusunungurwa uye muromo wemuromo unoongororwa kune dzimwe nyika.

Kana paine, dzinofanira kutorwa nekutenderedza musoro wemunhu akuvara parutivi, sezvinoratidzwa muvhidhiyo yemanikin.

Mamwe mashoko pamusoro pezviito zvakazotevera zvemuponesi - kuvhura nzira yemhepo, kuisa nasopharyngeal airway uye kuendesa munhu akuvara kunzvimbo yakagadzikana - muhurukuro yeSBU.

Chidzidzo 5: MARCH. R – Kufema

Mushure mekuona patency yemhepo yemunhu akakuvara, zvinodikanwa kutarisa zviratidzo zvekufema uye kupa rubatsiro kana paine kukuvara kwechipfuva.

Chekutanga, muponesi anofanira kuongorora kufema kwemunhu anenge akuvadzwa:

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sarudza kufema kwemasekonzi gumi (chinyakare kumunhu akuvara kufema 10-10 paminiti),
sarudza kudzika kwekufema nekuisa ruoko pazasi pechipfuva,
sarudza kuenzana kwekufema nekuisa zvanza zvese pazasi pechipfuva kumativi ese.

Zvadaro, murwi anofanira kuongorora chipfuva uye kumashure kwevakakuvara.

Nzira yekuzviita nayo nemazvo, uye nguva yekushandisa adhesive occlusive, ndeupi rubatsiro rwekupa panguva yepneumothorax (kuunganidza gasi (kazhinji, mhepo) mu pleural cavity pamwe nekuwedzera kwekumanikidza mairi) uye maitiro ekuita kudzivirira hypothermia (kuderera kwekushisa kwemuviri) - muhurukuro yeSBU.

Chidzidzo chechitanhatu: The MARCH algorithm. C - Kutenderera kweropa

Muchikamu ichi, zvinodikanwa kuita kuratidzwa kunorwadza uye kutarisa kusabuda ropa kusiri kwakakosha mumunhu akuvara uye kumisa.

Zvakakoshawo kuona kushanda kwenzira dzekare dzekudzora kubuda ropa kukuru kwakashandiswa muchikamu che'M - Kubuda ropa kwakanyanya' kweiyo MARCH algorithm.

Chimwe chinhu chakakosha chechikamu ichi kuongororwa kwepelvis yekuvapo kwekuputsika uye kugadzirisa kwayo.

SBU yakatsanangura maitiro ekutarisa zviratidzo zvekuvhunduka mumunhu anenge akuvadzwa mushure mekukuvara, rubatsiro kana akatyoka pelvic, uye kuisa mabhandeji nemazvo kumaronda.

Pfuti, chidzidzo 7. MARCH Algorithm: H - Kukuvadzwa kwemusoro, hypothermia uye kugadzirira munhu anenge akuvara kuti abude.

Nhanho yekupedzisira mukutarisira munhu akuvara maererano ne MARCH algorithm ndeyekutarisa kuvapo kwekukuvara kwecraniocerebral uye zviito zvekutanga kana zvichionekwa.

Tevere, isu tinofanirwa kugadzirira munhu akuvara kuti abviswe uye omisa iyo PAWS algorithm.

Kuti uone zviratidzo zvekukuvara kwehuropi, zvinodikanwa kutarisa

musoro nokuda kwemavanga, mavanga nokutyoka;
mavanga akapoteredza maziso - kana aripo pasina zviratidzo zvekushungurudzika kumhino, izvi zvinoratidza kukuvara kwemusoro kwakanyanya,
symmetry yevadzidzi (asymmetry chiratidzo cheTBI),
kuita kwemwana kuchiedza nekuvhara nekuvhura maziso emunhu akuvara nemaoko – vana vavo vanofanira kuunyana kana pasina kukuvadzwa musoro. Kana pasina chiedza, unogona kushandisa tochi, asi usainongedzera zvakananga mumaziso emunhu akuvara: fambisa danda kune chimwe chinhu chiri pedyo.

Iyo SBU zvakare yakataura nezve:

kupedza rubatsiro kudzivirira hypothermia,
kuzadza kadhi rekukuvadzwa,
PAWS algorithm: analgesia, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, maronda uye kuputsika.