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Rubatsiro rwekutanga: tsananguro, zvinoreva, zviratidzo, zvinangwa, pasi rose protocol

By Cristiano Antonino On Jun 18, 2022

Izwi rekuti 'rubatsiro rwekutanga' rinoreva seti yezviito zvinoita kuti muponesi mumwe kana vanopfuura vabatsire munhu mumwe kana vanopfuura vari munjodzi munjodzi yekurapa.

'Muponesi' haasi zvake chiremba kana a paramedic, asi anogona kunge ari chero munhu, kunyangwe vasina kudzidziswa zvekurapa: chero mugari wemo anova 'muponesi' paanopindira kubatsira mumwe munhu pakutambudzika, vachimirira kusvika kweimwe betsero yakakwaniriswa, yakadai sachiremba.

'Munhu ari mukutambudzika' ndechero munhu ari kusangana nedambudziko rekukurumidzira uyo, kana akasabatsirwa, angave nemukana wavo wekupona kana kuti wekubuda muchiitiko pasina kukuvara.

Vanowanzova vanhu vanobatwa nekukuvara kwepanyama uye / kana kwepfungwa, kurwara kamwe kamwe kana mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu anokanganisa utano, akadai semoto, kudengenyeka kwenyika, kunyura, pfuti kana maronda ekubaya, kuparara kwendege, tsaona dzechitima kana kuputika.

Mafungiro ekubatsira kwekutanga uye mushonga wekukurumidzira ave aripo kwemireniyumu mune zvese zvakabudirira zvepasirese, zvisinei, ivo vakamboitika zviitiko zvakasimba kuti zvienderane nezviitiko zvikuru zvehondo (kunyanya Hondo Yenyika I neHondo Yenyika II) uye zvichiri kukosha kwazvo nhasi. , kunyanya munzvimbo dziya dzine hondo dziri kuitika.

Mutsika, kufambira mberi kwakawanda mumunda werubatsiro rwekutanga kwakaitwa panguva ye Hondo Yenyika yeAmerica, izvo zvakakurudzira mudzidzisi weAmerica Clarissa 'Clara' Harlowe Barton (Oxford, 25 Zvita 1821 - Glen Echo, 12 Kubvumbi 1912) kuwana uye kuve mutungamiri wekutanga weAmerican Red Cross.

KUKOSHA KWEKUDZIDZERA PAKUNUNUNURA: SHANYIRA BHUKU REKUPULUMURA SQUICCIARINI UYE UZIVE KUGADZIRIRWA NOKUGADZIRIRA.

First Aid Symbols

Chiratidzo chepasi rose cherubatsiro rwekutanga muchinjiko muchena pane yakasvibira kumashure, wakapihwa neInternational Organisation for Standardization (ISO).

Chiratidzo chinozivisa mota dzekununura nevashandi, kune rumwe rutivi, iNyeredzi yeHupenyu, inoumbwa nebhuruu, muchinjikwa-wakashonga nhanhatu, mukati umo mune 'tsvimbo yeAsclepius': tsvimbo inomonererwa nyoka.

Ichi chiratidzo chinowanikwa pamotokari dzese dzechimbichimbi: semuenzaniso, chiratidzo chinoonekwa pairi ambulances.

Asclepius (chiLatin chinoreva 'Aesculapius') aive mwari wengano wechiGiriki wemishonga akadzidziswa unyanzvi hwekurapa na centaur Chiron.

Chiratidzo chemuchinjikwa mutsvuku pamusana pechena dzimwe nguva chinoshandiswa; zvisinei, kushandiswa kweizvi uye zviratidzo zvakafanana zvakachengeterwa nzanga dzinoumba International Red Cross neRed Crescent uye kuti ishandiswe mumamiriro ehondo, sechiratidzo chekuziva vashandi vezvokurapa uye mabasa (avo chiratidzo chinopa kudzivirirwa pasi peGeneva. Zvibvumirano nezvimwe zvibvumirano zvepasi rose), uye naizvozvo kumwe kushandiswa hakuna kunaka uye kunorangwa nemutemo.

Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinoshandiswa zvinosanganisira Maltese Cross.

RESCUE WORKERS' RADIO MUNYIKA? SHANYIRA EMS RADIO BOOTH PAEMERGENCY EXPO

Zvinangwa zverubatsiro rwekutanga zvinogona kupfupikiswa muzvikamu zvitatu zviri nyore

kuchengeta munhu akuvara ari mupenyu; kutaura zvazviri, ichi ndicho chinangwa chezvose zvekurapa;
kudzivirira kumwe kukuvadza kune akakuvadzwa; izvi zvinoreva zvose kumudzivirira kubva kuzvinhu zvokunze (somuenzaniso nokumubvisa panzvimbo dzine ngozi) uye kushandisa dzimwe nzira dzokununura nadzo dzinoderedza mukana wekuti mamiriro ake ezvinhu awedzere kuipa (somuenzaniso kudzvanya paronda kuderedza kubuda ropa);
kukurudzira kugadzirisa, kunotanga kare apo kununura kuri kuitwa.

Kudzidzira rubatsiro rwekutanga kunosanganisirawo kudzidzisa mitemo kudzivirira mamiriro ane ngozi kubva pakutanga uye inodzidzisa zvikamu zvakasiyana zvekununura.

Maitiro akakosha, maturusi uye pfungwa mukurapa kwekukurumidzira uye rubatsiro rwekutanga mune zvese ndezvi:

triage;
BLS (Basic Life Support);
Nguva yegoridhe;
ABC rule;
GAS maneuvre;
AMPLE maneuvre;
SAMPLE maneuvre;
OPCS maneuvre;
AVPU scale;
Glasgow Coma Scale;
KED extrication device;
cervical collar;
defibrillator;
tsigiro yehupenyu hwekutanga (BTLS);
kutsigira hupenyu hwepamusoro (ALS);
kufema-muromo-ku-muromo;
cardiac massage;
oxygen therapy;
mechanical ventilation;
Ambu balloon;
tracheotomy; tracheostomy
cricothyroidotomy;
kusungwa kwemoyo.

First Aid Protocols

Kune akawanda ekutanga rubatsiro maprotocol uye matekiniki mumunda wekurapa.

Imwe yemitemo yerubatsiro rwekutanga inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pasi rose ndeyekutanga trauma life support (saka iri acronym SVT) muChirungu basic trauma life support (saka iri acronym BTLF).

Tsigiro yehupenyu hwekutanga ndeyekutevedzana kwezviito kudzivirira kana kudzikamisa kukuvadzwa muchiitiko chekusungwa kwemoyo. Maprotocol erubatsiro rwekutanga aripowo mumunda wepfungwa.

Basic Psychological Support (BPS), semuenzaniso, iprotocol yekupindira yevanonunura vakasununguka yakanangana nekutungamira kwekutanga kwekunetseka kwakanyanya uye kutya kwekutya, vachimirira kupindira kwehunyanzvi uye nyanzvi dzekununura vangave vakanyeverwa.

Trauma kupona chain

Kana pakaitika njodzi, pane nzira yekubatanidza zviito zvekununura, inodaidzwa kuti cheni yemupukunyuki, iyo yakakamurwa kuita nhanho huru shanu.

runhare rwechimbichimbi: yambiro yekukurumidza kuburikidza nenhamba yechimbichimbi;
triage inoitwa kuti iongorore kuoma kwechiitiko uye nhamba yevanhu vanobatanidzwa;
tsigiro yehupenyu hwepakutanga;
kutanga centralization paTrauma Center (mukati meawa yegoridhe);
kutanga kwekusimudzira hupenyu hwekutsigira activation.