I-HEMS, indlela ukuhlangula i-helicopter isebenza ngayo eRashiya: uhlalutyo kwiminyaka emihlanu emva kokudalwa kwe-All-Russian Medical Aviation Squadron
Imisebenzi ye-HEMS iyimfuneko kwaye ibalulekile kuzo zonke iimbombo zehlabathi, kubandakanywa neRashiya, apho i-centralization yeenkonzo ze-aviation yonyango yagqitywa kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo.
Ngo-2021, iinqwelomoya zoMoya weSizwe Ambulance Inkonzo (NSSA), eyenziwe yimizamo ye-Rostec State Corporation, emva kokugqiba imisebenzi engaphezu kwe-5,000, yanceda ukusindisa ubomi kunye nempilo yezigulane ezingaphezu kwe-6,000.
Kwiminyaka emithathu edlulileyo, imarike ye-helicopter iphindaphinda ixabiso layo ngokuphindwe kahlanu, ukusuka kwi-3,886 yeebhiliyoni zee-ruble kwi-2018 ukuya kwirekhodi ye-16,672 yezigidigidi kwi-2021.
I-euro enye ixabisa njengoko sibhala eli nqaku malunga nee-ruble ezingama-60.
Kodwa yinkqubo engahambi kakuhle, kwaye iprojekthi yokubeka kwindawo enye inkonzo ye-ambulensi yomoya ihlangabezana nokuchasana kwendawo.
I-HEMS eRashiya, ukudalwa kwe-All-Russian Medical Aviation Squadron
Ukuqala kweprojekthi yokudala i-All-Russian Medical Aviation Squadron inokulinganiswa malunga ne-2011-2012, xa iqela elisebenzayo elikhethekileyo lahlelwa phantsi koMphathiswa wezeMpilo weRussian Federation.
Injongo echaziweyo ibikukuphumeza kunye nokusebenza ngobungcali kwenkonzo yenqwelo-ntaka.
Ngo-Oktobha 2013, uVeronika Skvortsova, ngoko intloko yeSebe lezeMpilo, ubonise iprojekthi yokulinga i-thematic kunye notyalo-mali lwe-2.2 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi.
Kwakucingelwa ukuba kwiminyaka emibini indlela yokusebenza kwenkonzo yenqwelomoya yonyango iya kwenziwa kwaye isiseko somthetho simiselwe ngokusesikweni, kwaye ukuba i-pogetto ihlile emhlabeni, ukubekwa kwindawo ephakathi kwezothutho lomoya wezonyango ukuya phezulu nokuhla kweli lizwe kuya kuqalisa ngo. 2016.
Ngenxa yobukhulu besizwe, iprojekthi elungelelanise i-HEMS kunye ne-MEDEVAC: IRashiya inee-oblasts ezinkulu kakhulu.
Kwiinqwelomoya zasekhaya, iprojekthi yayizakusebenzisa iinqwelo-ntaka kunye neenqwelomoya ezincinci, kunye neenqwelomoya zemimandla kunye nezamazwe ngamazwe - iinqwelo-moya ezihamba ixesha eliphakathi nelide.
Kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba ngokobungakanani, i-Italiya inamaxesha angama-57 ubukhulu beRashiya.
Ngelo xesha, umthombo u-Zashchita VTSMK, i-aviation yonyango yayisebenza ngokusisigxina kwimimandla ye-40, nangona kunjalo, kwisithathu kubo, kuphela ngezicelo zodwa.
Kwimimandla esixhenxe, indima ye-ambulensi yomoya idlalwe ngeehelikopta zeSebe leeMeko eziNgxamisekileyo zaseRussia, kwisithandathu ngokuthuthwa kwenqwelomoya rhoqo.
Izinto zihambe ngcono noko ngeendawo zokunduluka: kwiiyunithi ezingama-234 zizonke, i-118 inokuchazwa njengexhotyisiweyo, kuzo ezili-19 kuphela ezazibekwe kufutshane neekliniki.
Imimandla yokulinga yeprojekthi ye-centralization yayiyi-Khabarovsk Territory, iRiphabhliki yaseSakha (Yakutia), i-Arkhangelsk kunye nemimandla yase-Amur.
Ngo-2016, uMphathiswa wezeMpilo we-Russian Federation wamkela inkqubo yeprofayili ephambili, ngokubhekiselele kuyo imimandla ye-34 enemimandla enzima ukufikelela kuyo inokufumana inkxaso ye-federal yokuthengwa kweenkonzo ze-aviation zonyango.
Ngenxa yale njongo, umlawuli ubeke bucala ngaphezu kwe-10 yeebhiliyoni zeeruble kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kude kube yi-2020.
NgoJulayi 2017, kumboniso womoya we-MAKS eZhukovsky (kufuphi neMoscow), iqela lezonyango le-Heli-Drive lanikezela uMongameli uPutin nge-Ansat entsha kunye nemodyuli yonyango njengeprototype yeyona nto iphambili. ibhodi yeNSSA yexesha elizayo.
IRashiya, ingcamango yokubeka i-HEMS kunye ne-MEDEVAC iinkonzo zonyango ekugqibeleni ifumene i-contours yayo yokusebenza ekwindla ye-2017.
UAnatoly Serdyukov, intloko yeqela leenqwelomoya zeRostec State Corporation, waba ngunozakuzaku wayo.
Iiparamitha zeprojekthi zicingelwa ukulungelelaniswa komqhubi omnye we-federal weenkonzo zeenqwelo moya zonyango - kunye neenqwelo zayo, ezibandakanya ubukhulu becala ii-helicopter zasekhaya ezineemodyuli zonyango, iziko eliqhelekileyo lokuthunyelwa kunye neseti yemigangatho esekelwe kwiindlela ezilungileyo zehlabathi.
Indlela yokuphunyezwa kweprojekthi ekuqaleni yayicingelwa 'njengeziseko ezingundoqo': ukubonelela ngenqwelomoya kwimimandla ngembuyekezo yokufakwa okuqinisekisiweyo komrhumo wokufuduka kwezonyango kwinkqubo yesinyanzelo ye-inshorensi yonyango.
Ngelo xesha, i-JSC National Air Ambulance Service yasungulwa, i-25% efunyenwe kwi-JSC Rychag, ephethwe nguRostec, kunye ne-75% eseleyo kwiNgxowa-mali yoPhuhliso lwe-Ambulance yomoya.
Yaziswa ngokuvunywa kukaVladimir Putin ngoJanuwari 2018, i-NSSA kwiinyanga ezintandathu kamva yafumana iwonga lomboneleli omnye kurhulumente, eyivumela ukuba yenze isivumelwano kunye nemimandla ukuba inqwenela njalo.
Umqhubi uphinde wafumana ireyithi yendiza yeyure yonke yaseRashiya edibeneyo: i-295,000 ruble kwi-Mi-8s ehamba ixesha elide kunye ne-195,000 ye-ruble ye-Ansats ekhanyayo.
Kwakukho ingxaki enye: ukuxhobisa iinqwelo ze-HEMS eRashiya
NgoSeptemba 2018, i-subsidiaries ye-Rostec Group of Companies - i-Russian Helicopters JSC, i-NSSA JSC kunye ne-Aviacapital-Service LLC - isayine isivumelwano sokubonelela nge-104 Ansats kunye ne-46 Mi-8AMT i-helicopter kunye neemodyuli zonyango.
Iindleko zesivumelwano ziqikelelwa kwi-40 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi.
Ngaphantsi kwesiqinisekiso sekhontrakthi, i-Rostec icwangcise ukunyusa i-30 yeebhiliyoni zee-ruble ngokusebenzisa i-subsidiary yayo yonke i-JSC RT-Finance ngokukhupha iibhondi ezithengiswa ngokutshintshiselana kunye nokuvuthwa ukuya kwi-15 iminyaka.
Iihelikopta ezisibhozo zokuqala - ezine ze-Ansats kunye ne-Mi-8AMTs ezine kwi-livery ekhethekileyo ebomvu netyheli - zathunyelwa kumqhubi ngoFebruwari 2019.
Kwakubonakala ngathi akukho nto inokuphazamisana nendlela yokubhabha ye-NSSA de kucuthwe okucwangcisiweyo, ngakumbi njengoko iprojekthi ephambili yophuhliso lwezohambo lwezococeko yayintywiliselwe kwiprojekthi yokhathalelo lwempilo yeSizwe, kwaye ubume bomboneleli oyedwa bomsebenzi wandiswa ngu urhulumente kude kube ngu-2021.
Ukongeza, i-NCSA inokuzikhethela ngokukhetha ilungelo lekontraka jikelele-i-aggregator: inkampani kwafuneka izalisekise ubuncinci i-30 yepesenti yomyalelo wombuso iyodwa, kwaye izalisekise ukuphumla komyalelo, iqeshe iikontraka ezingaphantsi.
I-HEMS eRashiya, uhlalutyo lwenkqubela phambili kwixesha le-2017 - 2021
Ukufumana indlela imarike ye-ambulensi yomoya iguqulwe ngayo ngokufika kwe-HCSA, iZiko lokuHlalutya lihlalutye izivumelwano zokuthengwa kwe-EIS zeenkonzo zokukhutshwa kwezonyango ezigqityiweyo kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo.
Ukwenza oku, usebenzisa inkonzo zakupki360.ru, izivumelwano zokuthengwa kwempahla zibhengezwe ukusuka kwi-1 kaJanuwari 2017 ukuya kwi-31 kaDisemba ka-2021 kunye ne-OKPD 62.20.10.111 (iinkonzo zokuthutha abakhweli ngeenqwelo-moya kwiinqwelo-moya ze-charter) kunye ne-51.10.20. I-000 (iinkonzo zokubhatalwa kweenqwelo-moya kunye nabasebenzi), ezikhankanye amagama angundoqo 'ukhathalelo lwezonyango' okanye 'i-aero-ambulance' kuzo naziphi na izinto ezahlukeneyo, kunye noluhlu oluphambili - 86.90.14.000 (iinkonzo ze-ambulance) kunye ne-52.23.19.115 (imisebenzi ukubonelela ngokhathalelo lwezonyango), kwiikontraki eziqulathe igama elingundoqo elithi 'aviation'.
Iimarike ezikhethekileyo zee-odolo zombuso zaxhaswa ngemali ngamashaneli amabini: ukusuka kwi-budget ye-federal (ngo-2021, i-ruble ye-5.2 yezigidigidi yayigcinelwe ezi njongo, ngo-2022, enye i-5.4 yeebhiliyoni zeebhiliyoni icwangciswe ukuba yabiwe) kunye nakwiindawo.
I-HEMS, ixabiso leenkonzo ze-helicopter eRashiya liye lakhula kwi-43.641 yeebhiliyoni zeeruble kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo.
Ukusukela ngo-2018, ukonyuka bekuphindaphindeka: ukusuka kwi-3,886 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2018 ukuya kwi-7,552 yeebhiliyoni ngo-2019, kwaye ukusuka kwi-11,657 yeebhiliyoni ngo-2020 ukuya kwirekhodi le-16,672 yezigidigidi ngo-2021.
Kuphela ngababoneleli abangama-74 baye bavela kwimarike kule minyaka idlulileyo, ngelixa iinkampani ze-TOP25 zibonelela nge-92% yeenkonzo zekhontrakthi.
Umthamo wokuthengwa phantsi koMthetho we-Federal 223, ongaboneleli ngokupapashwa okunyanzelekileyo kwesivumelwano kunye neekontraka kwaye ngoko ke akavumeli ukuba ubunini babo busungulwe, yayiyi-2.554 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi.
Inkokeli ye-TOP25 kuthiwa yi-NSSA JSC (imarike nayo ine-eponymous NSSA LLC, ebizwa ngokuba yi-Heli-Drive Medspas LLC), eyandisa ngokuthe ngcembe umthamo wayo wekhontrakthi ukusuka kwi-10.7 yezigidi zeeruble ngo-2018 ukuya kwi-4.342 yeebhiliyoni zee-ruble ngo-2021.
Nangona kunjalo, ukwanda kwe-NSSA, ephuhlayo phantsi kwenkxaso yeqabane elomeleleyo kulawulo lokunikezelwa kuzwelonke, akunakude kuthiwe ngumdlalo wabantwana.
Nantsi imizekelo embalwa.
NgoJanuwari ka-2021, i-NSSA yaphumelela ikhontrakthi kunye neSibhedlele seSithili saseNenets esathiywa ngo-NI RI Batmanova, kwaye ngokoqobo ngosuku olulandelayo, ekuqukunjelweni kwesivumelwano, kwafunyaniswa ukuba i-NSSA ayinako ukubonelela ngeenqwelomoya.
Ube yintoni umphumo? "Umqhubi omtsha akazange avunyelwe ukuba ahlale ngeenqwelo-moya kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya. Ngoko ke, oyena mntu uphumelele ukhuphiswano wayehluthwa ithuba lokusebenza,' ucacise watsho umthombo ovela kwiRostec Group of Companies.
Ungquzulwano lwasonjululwa ngokuyekiswa kwesivumelwano ngenyathelo lokuqala le-NSSA.
Ibali elifanayo, nangona linesiphumo esahlukileyo, lenzekile eTyumen: apho, ngoNovemba ka-2021, i-NSCA yaphumelela ithenda kunye nomthengisi wemveli wengingqi, i-JSC UTair - Iinkonzo zeHelikopta, ngexabiso lebhidi le-139.9 yezigidi zeerandi.
Nangona kunjalo, i-Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1, esebenza njengomthengi, isayine isivumelwano kunye ne-UTair, iqinisekisa isigqibo esinobungqina bokuba i-NCSA ayiyi kukwazi ukuzalisekisa isivumelwano njengoko ingenakho ukufikelela kwiindawo zokumisa.
I-NCSA, nangona kunjalo, iveze ukuba ngokombono wayo ingxaki yahlukile, eyile yokuba iipokotho zokuchasa ukufakwa kwindawo enye yenkonzo ngenxa yesikhundla sezo nkampani zeenqwelomoya zasekuhlaleni ezingazange zikhetheke kwiinqwelomoya, kodwa zonwabele inkxaso. yabathengi bakarhulumente abathi bangumgaqo othi 'imali kufuneka ihlale kwingingqi'.
I-NCSA izama ukuchasana nemiqathango ethintelayo yokhuphiswano lwengingqi ngokukodwa ngeendlela ezisemthethweni, inkampani iyaqinisekisa.
Ngo-Aprili 2019, ngokomyalelo weNombolo ye-236n, iSebe lezeMpilo le-Russian Federation lazisa umgangatho we-ambulensi yomoya. izixhobo kwiNkqubo yokubonelelwa ngoNyango lwezoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo: uluhlu olufunekayo lubandakanya ii-ventilators, izixhobo zokuphefumla kunye nokuvuselela, ukupakishwa kunye nemodyuli yonyango ene-stretcher.
Ummiselo uvumele amagcisa anamalungu angaxhotyiswanga ukuba akhutshelwe ngaphandle kumyalelo karhulumente.
Kwaye ngoSeptemba 2019, abalawuli bavuma isivumelwano esiqhelekileyo sokusebenza komsebenzi wasemoyeni wokubonelela ngokhathalelo lwezonyango, oluye lwaba yifomu enyanzelekileyo ukususela ngoFebruwari 2022, oku kuthetha ukulungiswa kwemimiselo yereferensi yokuthengwa koluntu.
Nangona kunjalo, iminyaka emihlanu kwindlela ye-NSSA yoloyiso lulonke lwemalike, iingxaki ezimandundu ziye zavela kunokruthakruthwano nomntu okhuphisana naye okanye abathengi abanengqondo egxekayo.
Ngumbuzo wokuzakhela iinqwelo zomntu. Isicwangciso sokuqala sokuthenga ii-helicopter ze-150, eziza kuguqula ngokukhawuleza i-HCSA ibe ngumnye wabathengisi abakhulu belizwe lonke lothutho lwe-helicopter, yamisa ngokukhawuleza: amaziko emali ayengakulungele ukuboleka inkampani entsha ngaphandle kweziqinisekiso kunye neziqinisekiso.
Ngenxa yoko, endaweni yeenqwelomoya ezingama-50 ezicwangciselwe u-2019, umqhubi womanyano wafumana ezisibhozo kuphela.
Imeko yaba ngcono kuphela ekuqaleni kuka-2021.
Emva kokufumana iziqinisekiso ezivela kuRhulumente weRussian Federation kunye neRostec State Corporation, i-NSSA isayine izivumelwano ezimbini kunye ne-JSC PSB Avialeasing yokubonelela ngee-helicopter ze-66 - i-29 Mi-8MTV-1 kunye ne-37 Ansats - i-21.4 yeebhiliyoni zeerabhi.
Kwakukho ukungaphumeleli kumenzi-KVZ, apho umyalelo we-NSCA wawungowona mkhulu kwiminyaka engama-30.
Ukuhanjiswa kuphuculwe kuphela phakathi kwe-2021, xa ii-helicopter ze-14 ezintsha zithunyelwa kwinkampani.
Ukusukela nge-1 kaFebruwari 2022, izithuthi ze-NSSA sele zinezithuthi ezingama-22: ii-Ansats ezili-11 kunye neeMi-11 eziyi-8 inye.
I-HEMS eRashiya, ukunqongophala kwee-helicopter zayo kwanyanzela i-NSSA ukuba yandise isabelo se-subcontracts
Kwi-2020-2021, inkampani isayine izivumelwano ezixabisa i-2.2-2.7 yeebhiliyoni zee-ruble ngonyaka.
Ukukhula okuthe kratya kwengeniso yomthombo omnye ngo-2021 kwaphunyezwa ikakhulu ngokutsala iinqwelomoya ezazisebenza kwimimandla ngaphambi kokufika kwe-NCSA njengeqabane.
Kwingingqi Novgorod, umzekelo, RVS JSC usayine ikontrakthi, kwi Altai - Altai Avia kummandla (indawo 22, 0.323 billion iirubhi), kunye neendleko iyure flight kwiikontraki yesibini kaninzi 10-20 amawaka eeruble ngaphantsi kwe main. ixabiso.
I-NCSA ichaza umahluko, nangona ungabalulekanga, ngeendleko zabo zeziseko ezingundoqo kunye nokuqaliswa kwemigangatho ye-ambulensi yomoya kwimimandla, ngelixa ii-subcontractors zihamba nje kwaye zikhululekile kwiindleko ezinjalo.
Abadlali abanamava bahlawulela ukucutheka komda kwimarike yomyalelo worhulumente ngokuphuhlisa i-niches entsha.
Umzekelo, i-RVS JSC, omnye wabakhuphisana abaphambili be-NSSA kuphapho lwezonyango, isebenzisana neQela le-Medsi ngoMeyi ka-2021 ukwenza inkonzo yokukhutshwa kwezonyango kwizigulana kwiikliniki zenethiwekhi yaseMoscow.
Isivumelwano sibandakanya ukulungelelanisa ukuthuthwa kweenqwelo moya ukusuka kwingingqi yaseMoscow nakweminye imimandla ukuya kwindawo yesibhedlele sekliniki yase-Otradnoye okanye isiseko seRVS e-Odintsovo, ukusuka apho izigulane ziya kuthunyelwa nge-ambulensi kwizibhedlele zeqela.
Kucingelwa ukuba iindleko zenkonzo ziya kuqala ukusuka kwi-ruble eyi-15 lamawaka, kuxhomekeke kwindawo kunye nexesha lokuhamba.
Ngokutsho kukaSergey Khomyakov, usekela-mlawuli jikelele we-RVS, intsebenziswano iya kuthatha iinkonzo ze-ambulensi zomoya eRashiya 'kwizinga elitsha lomgangatho'.
Isidingo sokuphuhlisa iqonga elilodwa, eliphakathi kwe-IT ukulungelelanisa imisebenzi ye-HEMS eRashiya
Phakathi kwemisebenzi esetyenzisiweyo ye-NSSA luphuhliso lweqonga le-IT apho kubekwe kwindawo enye HEMS inkqubo yokuthumela ngenqwelomoya iya kwakhiwa.
NgoFebruwari 2019, kwintlanganiso yoMphathiswa wezeMpilo weRussian Federation, kwaqulunqwa umyalelo wokudibanisa inkqubo engaphantsi kwe 'Emergency and Emergency Medical Care Management' kwiNkqubo yoLwazi lwezeMpilo yeSizwe, kuquka imodyuli ye-ambulensi yomoya ngaphakathi kuyo.
Ikontraki yokuphuhliswa kweNkqubo yoLwazi lwezeMpilo ye-Uniform State kude kube yi-2021 yahlala i-Rostec efanayo.
Ngaphaya koko, ehlotyeni lika-2019, ngokwemithombo yenqwelomoya ye-Kommersant, iRostec idibanise indima elawulayo kwi-NCSA.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ubume bomboneleli oyedwa abukanatyiselwa kwi-NSSA.
Ngokutsho kwe-arhente, akusekho zicwangciso zokuyeka inkxaso-mali ye-federal ye-aviation yonyango: ukuphuhliswa kwenkonzo kufakwe kuluhlu lweenjongo zelizwe kude kube yi-2030, nangona kunjalo, umthwalo wenkcitho ekwakhiweni kwee-heliports usaza kuthwala. ummandla.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba nokwenzeka kokuxhasa ngemali ezi zibonelelo phantsi kwenye iprojekthi yomanyano - 'IiNdlela eziKhuselekileyo nezisemgangathweni oPhezulu' - kuthathelwa ingqalelo.
Iimeko ezitsha zokohlwaywa zinyuse imingcipheko ye-NSSA kumgca wokwenziwa kwezithuthi: ngoMatshi ka-2022, kwafunyaniswa ukuba icandelo laseKhanada le-American Pratt & Whitney liye lanqumamisa unikezelo lweenjini ze-PW207K kwi-KVZ, apho i-Ansat ibhabha khona.
I-analogue yasekhaya - 'injini' ye-VK-650V ephuhliswe ngu-ODK-Klimov - ikhona kuphela kwinguqulo yovavanyo, kwaye ukuqinisekiswa kwayo kwakungalindelwanga kude kube yi-2023.
Enye yeendlela ezicatshangelwayo kwishishini, ngaphezu kokukhawuleza kweenkqubo ze-VK-650V, kukubambisana kwesixhobo sombane se-VK-800V kwiimfuno ze-Ansat.
Nangona kunjalo, isityalo se-helicopter saseKazan sinenjongo yokuvelisa ii-helicopter ze-44 ze-Ansat kwi-2022 - mhlawumbi, ezinye zazo ziya kuhlanganiswa kwi-stock.
Funda kwakhona:
Xa uhlangulo lusiza Phezulu: Uyintoni umahluko phakathi kweHEMS kunye neMEDEVAC?
I-MEDEVAC Ngama-Helicopter ase-Italiya oMkhosi wase-Itali
I-HEMS eRashiya, iNkonzo yeSizwe ye-Ambulensi yoMoya ithatha i-Ansat
I-HEMS: Uhlaselo lweLaser kwi-Ambulance yoMoya yaseWiltshire