I-psychological and physiological stressors ye-flight ineempembelelo ezininzi kwizigulane zombini kunye nababoneleli. Eli candelo liza kuphonononga eyona nto iphambili yengqondo kunye noxinzelelo lomzimba oluqhelekileyo lokubhabha kwaye libonelele ngezicwangciso eziliqili zokusebenza ngokujikeleza nangokuzisebenzisa

I-Environmental Stressors kwinqwelomoya

Ukuncipha koxinzelelo lweoksijini, utshintsho loxinzelelo lwebarometric, utshintsho lobushushu, ukungcangcazela, kunye nengxolo zimbalwa zoxinzelelo olusuka kwinqwelomoya.

Isiphumo sixhaphake kakhulu ngenqwelomoya ye-rotor-wing kune-fixed-wing aircraft. Ukususela ngaphambi kokunduluka ukuya kuthi ga emva kokufika, imizimba yethu iphantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu kunokuba sicinga.

Ewe, uziva eso siphithiphithi njengoko unyuka phezu komqolo okanye unqumla umlambo.

Sekunjalo, zizinto ezicinezelayo ukuba singacingi kakhulu ukuba, zongezwa kunye, zingenza impembelelo ebalulekileyo kungekhona nje emzimbeni wakho kodwa kubuchule bakho bokuqonda kunye nokucinga okubalulekileyo.

Esona sixhobo sigqibeleleyo SEZOTHUTHO NDWENDWELA EMANYAKATHA EMI NGAMAQONQOSHO

Oku kulandelayo ziziNxinzezelelo eziphambili zeFlight:

• Utshintsho lobushushu lwenzeka rhoqo kwiyeza lokubhabha. Ubushushu obuqhaqhazelisa amazinyo kunye nobushushu obubonakalayo bunokurhafisa umzimba kwaye kwandise imfuno yeoksijini. Rhoqo kwi-100 leemitha (330ft) ukunyuka komphakamo, kukho ukuhla kweqondo lobushushu eli-1.
• I-Vibrations ibeka uxinzelelo olongezelelweyo kumzimba, onokubangela ukwanda kobushushu bomzimba kunye nokukhathala.
• Ukufuma okucuthekileyo kukho njengoko usuka kumphezulu womhlaba. Okukhona uphezulu ukuphakama, kokukhona ukufuma okuncinci emoyeni, okuthi, ekuhambeni kwexesha, kubangele ukuqhekeka kwenwebu, imilebe ekrazukileyo, kunye nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni. Olu xinzelelo lunokudityaniswa kwizigulane ezifumana unyango lwe-oxygen okanye umoya ococekileyo womoya.
• Ingxolo evela kwinqwelomoya, i izixhobo, kwaye umguli unokubaluleka. Umgangatho wengxolo ye-helicopter ujikeleze i-105 decibels kodwa unokuba mkhulu ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwenqwelomoya. Amanqanaba omsindo angaphezu kwe-140 decibels angakhokelela ekulahlekelweni kokuva kwangoko. Amanqanaba engxolo azinzileyo ngaphezulu kwe-120 decibels nawo aya kukhokelela ekuphulukaneni neendlebe.
• Ukudinwa kuya kuba mandundu ngenxa yokungalali ngokwaneleyo, ukungcangcazela kwenqwelo-moya, ukutya okungafanelekanga, kunye nokuhamba ngenqwelomoya ixesha elide: iyure enye okanye ngaphezulu kwinqwelo-moya ejikelezayo okanye iiyure ezi-1 okanye ngaphezulu kwinqwelo-moya enamaphiko asisigxina.
• I-Gravitational Forces, zombini ezimbi kunye ezintle, zibangela uxinzelelo emzimbeni. Olu xinzelelo luyinto nje encinci ecaphukisayo kwabaninzi. Nangona kunjalo, iimeko ezinzima ziba nzima ngakumbi kwizigulane ezigula kakhulu ezinokunciphisa umsebenzi wentliziyo kunye nokunyusa uxinzelelo lwe-intracranial kunye nemiphumo ye-gravitational yokuthatha kunye nokuhla kunye nokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza kwinqwelomoya njengokulahleka kokuphakama ngenxa yesiphithiphithi okanye ukujika kwebhanki ngokukhawuleza.
• I-Flicker Vertigo. I-Flight Safety Foundation ichaza i-Flicker vertigo “njengokungalingani kumsebenzi weeseli zengqondo okubangelwa kukuvezwa kokudanyaza okuphantsi okanye ukudanyaza kokukhanya okuqaqambileyo.” Oku kudla ngokuba ngumphumo wokukhanya kwelanga kunye ne-rotor-blades kwi-helicopter kwaye inokuchaphazela yonke into kwinqwelomoya. Iimpawu zinokuqala ukusuka ekuxhuzuleni ukuya kwisicaphucaphu kunye neentloko. Abantu abanembali yokuxhuzula kufuneka balumke ngakumbi ukuba basebenza i-rotor-wing.
• Umphunga wamafutha unokubangela isicaphucaphu, isiyezi, kunye neentloko ezibuhlungu ngokutyhileka okubalulekileyo. Yilumkele indawo okuyo kwi-tarmac okanye i-helipad ngexesha lokwengeza inqwelomoya.
• Imozulu ibangela ikakhulu imiba yokucwangcisa inqwelomoya kodwa inokukhokelela kwimicimbi yezempilo. Imvula, ikhephu, kunye nombane kunokubangela iingozi xa ukwindawo okanye ulungiselela ukubhabha. Ukugqithiswa kwamaqondo obushushu kunye nokugcwala kwamanzi kwempahla nako kunokubangela uxinzelelo.
• Ukuxhalaba komnxeba, ixesha lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya ngelixa unyamekela isigulane esigulayo, kwaye nokuba indiza ngokwayo ingabangela uxinzelelo olungafanelekanga.
• Ukubhabha ebusuku kuyingozi ngakumbi ngenxa yokungabonakali kakuhle nangoncedo lwezibuko zokubona ebusuku (NVGs). Oku kufuna ulwazi lwemeko olungaguquguqukiyo, olunokongeza ekudinweni nakuxinzelelo, ngakumbi kwindawo engaqhelekanga.

Iingxaki zoMntu kunye nezeNgqondo: Imiba yoLuntu ichaphazela ukunyamezelwa kwee-Flight Stressors

I-IM SAFE ye-mnemonic isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ukukhumbula isiphumo esibi sokubhabha kwizigulane kunye nababoneleli.

• Isigulo sinento yokwenza nokuba sempilweni kwakho. Ukuya emsebenzini ugula kuya kongeza kakhulu uxinzelelo kutshintsho lwakho emoyeni kwaye kubeke esichengeni umgangatho wokhathalelo olunikezelayo kunye nokhuseleko lweqela. Ugqirha kufuneka akucacisele ukuba ubuyele ukubhabha.
• Amayeza anokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezithile. Ukwazi ukuba amayeza akho amiselweyo aya kusebenzisana njani neemeko zokubhabha kubalulekile kwaye kunokwenza umahluko omkhulu xa ulwa noxinzelelo lwenqwelomoya.
• Iziganeko zobomi ezicinezelayo ezifana noqhawulo-mtshato lwamva nje okanye ilungu losapho esibhedlele linokwandisa uxinzelelo lwakho emsebenzini. Ukuzikhathalela kubalulekile ngaphambi kokuba ukhathalele abanye kulo msebenzi unoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Ukuba intloko yakho ayikho kwindawo efanelekileyo, indawo efanelekileyo kuwe ayikho emoyeni.
• Utywala bunokuba yinto yokurhoxa kwabanye njengoko befumana uxinzelelo emsebenzini. Lulungiso lwexeshana lwengxaki yexesha elide. Iziphumo zokunxila emva kotywala zisenokuthi zinciphise ukusebenza kwaye zikhokelele kwiinkxalabo zokhuseleko nokuba awunxilanga ngokweklinikhi. Ikwachaphazela amandla omzimba wakho okulwa usulelo kunye nokugula.
• Ukukhathala kuphumela kwiinguqu ze-back-to-back kunye nokuvezwa kwezi zixinzelelo zikhankanywe ngasentla. Yazi imida yakho kwaye ungaze ufune okungaphezulu kunokuba uyazi ukuba unokuhlangabezana nazo.
• Imvakalelo yinto wonke umntu ayiphatha ngokwahlukileyo. Sonke sineemvakalelo, kwaye zonke sizivakalisa ngokwahlukileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko. Ukwazi indlela yokusabela ngokweemvakalelo kunokuyandisa imeko esele ixinezelekile okanye kumenza ubani akhululeke ekubeni nomsindo ukusa kwintlungu. Ukugcina iimvakalelo zakho kwinqwelomoya akubalulekanga nje kuphela kodwa kulindeleke. Uyingcali kwaye kufuneka uziphathe ngolo hlobo, ubeka abasebenzi bakho kunye nesigulana sakho ngaphezu kweemvakalelo zakho.

Indawo kunye nezibonelelo

Ngokungafaniyo nomhlaba iigulane, iyunithi yenkonzo yonyango olungxamisekileyo yehelikopta inegumbi elincinane kakhulu xa bonke abasebenzi besebenza ibhodi kwaye isigulane silayishwe ngokuchanekileyo.

Oku kukodwa kunokuzisa ukuxhalaba kwimeko esele inoxinzelelo.

Ukuqonda imida yesithuba senqwelomoya kubalulekile.

Uninzi lweenkonzo zinokuthwala ezinye zezona zixhobo ziphezulu zikhoyo kwi-prehospital setting, ezinje ngoomatshini beelebhu yokhathalelo, i-ventilator yezothutho, kunye ne-ultrasound.

Abanye banokuhambisa izigulana ze-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)!

Ezi zinto zizinto zexabiso ezimangalisayo, kodwa ukuzisebenzisa kunye nokuzibeka esweni kunokongeza uxinzelelo kuyo yonke iequation.

Funda kwakhona:

Ubomi obuNgxamisekileyo ngakumbi…Bukhoma: Khuphela i-App eNtsha yaSimahla kwiphephandaba lakho le-IOS kunye ne-Android

Ukuhlangulwa kweHelikopta kunye neNgxakeko: I-EASA Vade Mecum yoLawulo ngokuKhuselekileyo kwiMishini yeHelikopta

I-MEDEVAC Ngama-Helicopter ase-Italiya oMkhosi wase-Itali

I-HEMS kunye ne-Bird Strike, i-Helicopter ehlaselwa yi-Crow e-UK. Ukufika ngokungxamisekileyo: Ifestile kunye neRotor Blade yonakele

Xa uhlangulo lusiza Phezulu: Uyintoni umahluko phakathi kweHEMS kunye neMEDEVAC?

I-HEMS, Zeziphi iintlobo zehelikopta ezisetyenziselwa ukuhlangula iihelikopta e-Itali?

Ungxamiseko lwase-Ukraine: Ukusuka e-USA, Inkqubo yokuHlangula ye-HEMS Vita eNtsha yokuPhuma ngokuKhawuleza kwabantu abonzakeleyo.

I-HEMS, Indlela yokuHlangula i-Helicopter eSebenza ngayo eRashiya: Uhlalutyo lweminyaka emihlanu emva kokudalwa kwe-All-Russian Medical Aviation Squadron

umthombo:

Iimvavanyo zoNyango