Ukukhumbula uMkhukula we-1994: Umzuzu waManzi kwiMpendulo eNgxamisekileyo
Ukujonga ngasemva kwiNgxamiseko ye-Hydrological Eye yavavanya uKhuseleko loLuntu lwase-Italiya olusandula ukuSekwa kunye nendima yamavolontiya ekuphenduleni kwiNtlekele.
Umhla we-6 kaNovemba ka-1994, uhlala uhleli kwinkumbulo edibeneyo yase-Italiya, ubungqina bokuqina kunye nomanyano lwelizwe. Ngolu suku, ummandla wasePiemonte ujongene nenye yezona zikhukula ziyintlekele kwimbali yawo, isiganeko esaphawula uvavanyo lokuqala olubalulekileyo kule mihla. Khuselo loLuntu, yasekwa kwiminyaka emibini nje ngaphambili. UNogumbe ka-94 wawungeyontlekele nje yemvelo; kwakuyinto yokuguqula indlela i-Italiya isondela ngayo kulawulo oluphuthumayo kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwamavolontiya.
Imvula engayekiyo yaqalisa ukugalela ummandla okumntla-ntshona weItali, yazalisa imilambo yatsho yaphumela kwiindawo eziqhekezayo, igqabhuka imisinga yaza yatshona needolophu. Imifanekiso yamakhaya atshone ngaphantsi kwamanzi, iindlela ezijike zaba yimilambo, yaye abantu bekhweliswa ngenqwelo-moya besiwa kwindawo ekhuselekileyo yaba ngumqondiso wommandla ongqingiweyo ngamandla endalo. Umonakalo awuzange ube kwiziseko ezingundoqo kuphela kodwa kwintliziyo yoluntu olushiyekeleyo ukucholachola amaqhekeza obomi babo obubi.
UKhuseleko loLuntu, ngoko kwisigaba salo esaqalayo, lwaqhubela phambili kwi-limelight, lunikwe umsebenzi wokulungelelanisa ukusabela kwimeko engxamisekileyo yezinga elingazange lilawulwe yi-arhente entsha. I-arhente, eyakhiwe kwi-1992 emva kwentlekele ye-Vajont Dam ye-1963 kunye nesomiso esibi kakhulu se-1988-1990, yenzelwe ukuba ibe ngumbutho olungelelanisayo ukulawula iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zongxamiseko, ukusuka kuqikelelo kunye nokuthintela ukuya ekuncedeni kunye nokubuyisela.
Njengoko imilambo yayigxalathelana phezu kweendonga zabo, ukhuseleko loluntu lwavavanywa. Impendulo yayikhawuleza kwaye inamacala amaninzi. Amavolontiya avela kulo lonke ilizwe agalela kulo mmandla, esenza umqolo wempendulo kaxakeka. Basebenze ngesandla kunye nabaqhubi abasemthethweni beenkonzo zokuhlangula, banikezela ngenkxaso ebalulekileyo ekuphumeni, Uncedo yokuqala, kunye nemisebenzi yolungiselelo. Umoya wokuzithandela, osekelwe ngokunzulu kwinkcubeko yaseNtaliyane, wakhanya ngokuqaqambileyo njengoko abantu abavela kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi baba negalelo kwimigudu yokunceda, isithethe esiqhubekayo nanamhlanje, njengoko sibonwa kwiimpuphuma zamva nje eToscana.
Umphumo wezikhukula uze nokuhlolwa okunzulu kulawulo lomhlaba, imigaqo-nkqubo yokusingqongileyo, kunye nendima yeenkqubo zokulumkisa kwangethuba ekuthomalaliseni iintlekele. Izifundo zifundiwe malunga nesidingo seziseko ezingundoqo ezixhathisayo, amanyathelo okulungela ngcono, kunye nendima ebalulekileyo yokwazisa uluntu ekunciphiseni umngcipheko onxulumene neentlekele ezinjalo.
Phantse amashumi amathathu eminyaka sele idlulile ukusukela ngala mini iyingozi kaNovemba, kwaye izivubeko zonogumbe sele zipholile, kodwa iinkumbulo zihleli. Zisebenza njengesikhumbuzo samandla endalo kunye nomoya ongenakoyiswa woluntu oluphakamayo, amaxesha ngamaxesha, ukwakha nokubuyisela. I<em>alluvione ePiemonte yayingaphezu kwentlekele yemvelo; yayingamava okwakhayo kuKhuseleko loLuntu lwase-Italiya kunye nokubizelwa kwizixhobo zamagorha angaqatshelwanga: amavolontiya.
Namhlanje, uKhuseleko loLuntu lwangoku lume njengenye yeendlela zehlabathi zokusabela kwingxakeko engxamisekileyo, ineengcambu zayo ezisukela emva kweentsuku ezicela umngeni kodwa eziguqulayo zesikhukula sika-1994. Yinkqubo eyakhiwe phezu kwesiseko sobumbano kunye noxanduva lokwabelana, imilinganiselo eyabonakaliswa ngeyona yure imnyama yesikhukula kwaye iqhubekeka ukuba yimigaqo ekhokelayo ebusweni bobunzima.
Ibali lesikhukula se-Piemonte ka-1994 alikho nje ngelahleko kunye nentshabalalo. Ibali lokunyamezela komntu, amandla oluntu, kunye nokuzalwa kwendlela eyinkimbinkimbi yolawulo olungxamisekileyo e-Italy-indlela eqhubekayo yokusindisa ubomi kunye nokukhusela uluntu kulo lonke uhlanga nangaphaya.