Ukulungiswa okungxamisekileyo kwiihotele kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko nangaliphi na ixesha xa kukho imfuneko. I-Jordan ithatha amanyathelo okuthatha amanyathelo okhuseleko nokulawula iimeko zikaxakeka kwiihotele xa zenzekile.

Apha ngezantsi siza kuthetha ngokuchongwa kweengxaki eziphambili ezinokubakho kwaye zibeke iihotele zaseJordani kwiimeko zongxamiseko kunye nezeentlekele. Lo mbandela uphanda ngokulungiswa okungxamisekileyo kweehotele, ukuba bazilawula njani kwaye bazoyisile njani iimeko zikaxakeka, kunye nokusikelwa umda okanye izinto ezinefuthe ekucwangcisweni okuphuthumayo.

Kweli nqaku, siza kunika ingxelo ngabaphathi abavela kwiihotele ezintathu-, ezine- kunye neenkwenkwezi ezintlanu eAmman nasePetra malunga nezicwangciso zokulungiselela okungxamisekileyo kwizakhiwo zabo. Iziphumo zatyhila oko Iihotele zaseJordaniya ziveliswa ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo zentlekele yendalo neyabantu. Kwimeko yokulungiselela ngexesha likaxakeka, iihotele zaseJordanian Ukunqongophala kokucwangcisa okusebenzayo kunye neseti yezithintelo ezithintela ucwangciso lwexesha likaxakeka ngenxa yentlekele. Oku kugxininisa kwindima efanele abasemagunyeni yokuseka ulawulo lwexesha likaxakeka kwiihotele ukuba bazenze ezi zinto, ukuze babe nako ukwenza ngokukhawuleza iimeko zongxamiseko.

Ukulungiselela imeko kaxakeka kunye nolawulo lwentlekele e-Yordane: ukuthintela ukubulawa kwabantu abaninzi

Ulawulo lweNtlekele Ibe ngumcimbi obalulekileyo njengabadlali ababalulekileyo abafuna iindlela zokujongana nezi ziganeko zingalindelekanga, eziqinisekisa ukoyikiswa kokusebenza kwemibutho yokungenisa izihambi (Ref. Mitroff, 2004), kwaye kudala imiceli mngeni emininzi kumacandelo abucala nawoluntu (Ref. Prideaux, 2004).

UKash noDarling (Ref. 1998) bakhankanya ukuba Eyona nto iphambili ekusombululeni intlekele kukuvavanya inqanaba langoku lokucwangciswa kwentlekele kunye nokulungela kweshishini lokubonisa iindwendwe, kunye nokuvavanya unxibelelwano phakathi kwezinto zombutho (uhlobo, ubungakanani, kunye nobudala), imisebenzi yokucwangcisa kwentlekele kunye nokulungela imeko kaxakeka.

Iihotele zaseJordanibe zinamava a Amaza eentlekele kunye nexesha likaxakeka kule minyaka mashumi mabini idlulileyo. Lilonke, ixesha elisusela kwi-2000 ukuza kuthi ga ngoku liye lachaphazeleka intlekele yendalo kunye neyabantu, Ukungazinzi kwezopolitiko ku-Mbindi Mpuma onefuthe elibi kwiihotele zaseJordanian (Ref. Ali & Ali, 2011). Ukusukela nge-11 kaSeptemba, 2001, ubuncinci izehlo ezinkulu zobunqolobi ezijolise kushishino lokubuka iindwendwe kwihlabathi liphela, kubandakanya ezimbini ezenziwa eJordani (eRif. Paraskevas naseArendell, 18).

Olu phando lujolise kwi chonga iimeko ezingxamisekileyo eziphambili okwenzeke kumzi-mveliso wehotele eJordani ukuphanda ngolungiselelo lwehotele ngexesha likaxakeka, nokuphonononga indlela iihotele ezilawula ngayo kunye nezoyisayo nezithintelo eziye zahlangana nazo iihotele; Indawo yokufunda kusetyenzwa kakhulu kwiMiddle East imeko ngokubanzi nakwiihotele zaseJordane.

 

Ukulungela imeko kaxakeka: ukucwangcisa kuthetha ukungalawulwa kweentlekele!

Ulawulo olungxamisekileyo Ungangumceli mngeni omkhulu kulo naliphi na ishishini, ngakumbi ishishini lokubuka iindwendwe malunga nemeko embi yokufumana imeko kaxakeka kude nekhaya (Ref. Stahura okqhubekayo., 2012). Abaphengululi bagqibe ngelithi abaphathi bexesha likaxakeka kufuneka bemisele eyona modeli okanye eyona ndlela ilungileyo xa belungiselela, bephendula, kwaye bephinda behle kwimeko kaxakeka.

UQuarantelli (Ref. 1970) okhankanywe kuphando lokuqhubeka kwakhe ukucwangciswa akulawulwa yintlekele, yaye Iintlekele zekamva azizuphinda-phindo zexesha elidlulileyo. UDrabek (Ref. 1995) uphonononge inqanaba lokulungiselela likaxakeka kunye nocwangciso lokufuduka ukuze amashishini abakhenkethi abonwe njengefuthe lokucwangciswa kokulungela, amandla, kunye nesifundo afundwe njengezicwangciso zomsebenzi, ophetheyo, nonxibelelwano.

Umgangatho wesicwangciso sexesha likaxakeka kufuneka ubekwe esweni, uvandlakanywe, kwaye uphuculwe ngezizathu ezininzi. Okokuqala, ulawulo lwexesha likaxakeka alukabi bungcali obupheleleyo (Ref. Crews, 2001), ngokusilela koqeqesho olwaneleyo kunye nolwazi lweengcali kubacwangcisi bexesha likaxakeka. Okwesibini, ukungasebenzi kwesicwangciso sexesha likaxakeka kuphakamisa ukungangqinelani phakathi kweenkqubo kunye nezixhobo ezikhoyo ngokuhambelana neemfuno ezingxamisekileyo ezingxamisekileyo. Okwesithathu, ukucwangciswa okungxamisekileyo kufanele ukuba kube yinto eqhubekayo eqhubekayo, kuba iya kuba yinto emileyo iya kuguqulwa ukuze ingasebenzi (Ref. RW Perry kunye noLindell, 2003).

Izicwangciso ezilungileyo kunye namaqela ziyimfuneko eziyimfuneko zokusinda kwiintlekele. Umsebenzi onzima kunye nezigqibo ezininzi ezinzima zibaluleke kakhulu kwimeko yokufumana imeko kaxakeka. Ukusuka esiphelweni emva kwexesha likaxakeka de kube kugqityiwe ukwenziwa kwakhona kwimeko yokubuyela kwimeko kaxakeka kubandakanya wonke umzamo wokujongana, nokulawula kunye nokuchaphazeleka kwimeko embi.

Ukufuduka ngokukhawuleza inyathelo eliyimfuneko lomxokelelwane. Abantu abakhubazekileyo okanye abantu abonzakeleyo banokuba nobunzima ekubalekeni kwesakhiwo. Yiyo loo nto iihotele, njengezinye izakhiwo zikawonke-wonke, kufuneka zihlala zixhotyisiwe izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kwimeko yexesha likaxakeka.

 

Izicwangciso zokulawulwa kwentlekele

Ngenxa yeentlekele, ulawulo lwezixhobo nolwabiwo lubalulekile malunga nemiceli mingeni ejongene nehotele ngaphambi-, ngexesha- nasemva kwexesha likaxakeka ngokusekwe kulwakhiwo lombutho, Iqela elijongene nemeko kaxakeka (Ref. Burritt, 2002).

Kwigama likaFink (Ref. 1986) imodeli yolawulo lwentlekele, ulawulo lwexesha likaxakeka kufuneka luqale ngaphambi kokuba intlekele yenzeke nangaphambi kokuba ilume kwimveliso yehotele. Ulawulo olungxamisekileyo lunokwahlulwa lube ngamanqanaba amane: Prodromal, Acute, esingapheliyo kunye nesiGqibo. Uqinisekisile ukuba imiqondiso yokulumkisa kwangoko ngenxa yeentlekele eziphindaphindiweyo kunzima ukuyazi. Ukuhamba ukusuka kwinqanaba lokunyusa ukuya kwinqanaba elinamandla, ukuqala kwentlekele ukubangela umonakalo kunye nelahleko, inqanaba lokulungela okungxamisekileyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle ekujonganeni neemeko zongxamiseko kunokuba negalelo kwiqondo lokulahleka. Ngokwahlukileyo, inqanaba elingapheliyo livumela umbutho ukuba uphinde kwakhona kwintlekele kwaye ufunde kumandla kunye nobuthathaka kwisicwangciso sokuphendula ngokukhawuleza.

Kwimodeli yakhe, uRoberts (Ref. 1994) wacacisa amanqanaba amane olawulo lwentlekele. The Inqanaba lomnyhadala apho iinzame zokunciphisa ifuthe kwaye zilungele intlekele enokubakho. In Inqanaba likaxakeka, intlekele yenzeka kwaye amanyathelo aya kuthathwa ukuhlangula kunye nokusindisa abantu kunye nepropathi. Kwi inqanaba eliphakathi, iihotele zibonelela ngezicwangciso zexesha elifutshane zokubuyisa iinkonzo ezibalulekileyo kwaye zizohlule ngokukhawuleza. Ekugqibeleni, i Inqanaba elide kulapho ukulungiswa kweziseko zophuhliso kusetyenziswa ubuchule bexesha elide, kunye nokonyusa izicwangciso zikaxakeka kulungiselelo olungxamisekileyo olulandelayo.

 

Zithini izizathu zonxunguphalo kwiihotele zaseJordaniani?

Abaphenduli baceliwe ukuba bacacisa iintlobo kunye nobungakanani bexesha likaxakeka olwenzeke kwiihotele zabo kwakwilanga lexesha.

Iziphumo zaveza oko Ihotele zaseJordania basongelwa ngexesha likaxakeka kunye nokungazinzi kwezopolitiko kuMbindi Mpuma. Iziphumo ziye zabonisa ukuba ubugrogrisi, i-Amman ibhombu ye-2005, iprofayili yesigulana saseLibya, iingxaki zemali, irhafu, ubhubhane, ukuvela kwabasebenzi, kunye nezongelo zendalo zichongiwe njengezongxamiseko ezinkulu ezijamelene neehotele zaseJordanian.

Iziphumo zifumene kwakhona Imililo, ukuphathwa gwenxa kolondolozo, oomatshini abakumgangatho ophantsi, kunye namalungiselelo obuthathaka babephakathi kwezinto zikaxakeka ejongene neshishini lehotele e-Jordan enefuthe elibi kwishishini lokubuka iindwendwe, imizi-mveliso enxulumeneyo, kunye noqoqosho lwelizwe. Abaphenduli nabo baye baphoxeka malunga nezivumelwano ezenziwe kunye norhulumente waseLibya ukusingatha kunye nokufumana isigulana esipheleleyo. ibhodi kwiihotele zaseJordani ezithembisa ukuhlawula ii-invoyisi zingaphelanga iintsuku ezili-14; bagqiba ekubeni kude kube ngoku abafumani kuphela ngaphezu kwe-50% kwimali yabo emva kochungechunge lophicotho kunye nezaphulelo kwiikomiti zaseLibya. Ngaphezu koko, ixabiso eliphezulu lamandla, irhafu ephezulu kunye noxinzelelo kwiinkonzo.

 

Ekugqibeleni, ulungiselelo olungxamisekileyo kunye nolawulo lwentlekele zizitshixo

I-Jordan iye emva koko yabethwa luluhlu lweentlekele kunye nexesha likaxakeka. Ukubonakalisa imveliso yehotele ukuba sesichengeni kwisehlo esinobungozi kwangaphakathi nangaphandle. Oku kubangele ukuhla okungathethekiyo ekufikeni kwabakhenkethi kunye nengeniso. Iziganeko ekuthethwe ngazo kolu phando ziveza intlekele enkulu echaphazela imveliso yehotele eJordani kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, ethi ichaphazele igalelo lomzi-mveliso kwiJordanian GDP kwaye iveze ifuthe eliphindaphindayo kuqoqosho.

Iziphumo zifumana ukugxininisa ukuba uhlobo lombutho, ubudala, kunye nobukhulu bawo baba negalelo elikhulu kucwangciso olusebenzayo ngaphandle kokungathi umbutho wajongana nentlekele ngaphambili okanye hayi. Ukulungela imeko kaxakeka kunye Isicwangciso sexesha likaxakeka esihlaziyiweyo ngokuqonda kwabaphathi kuya kunceda ishishini lokubuka iindwendwe ukubonelela ngezinto eziyimfuneko, kunye noqeqesho olusebenzayo ukunqanda okanye ukunciphisa umngcipheko. Inkqubo yokujonga ukhuseleko kunye neenkqubo zokhuseleko ziintsholongwane ukuze kusindiswe ubomi babandwendwe kunye nepropathi yokwamkela iindwendwe. Ezi zinto zinokusetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokuthengisa kwiindwendwe kunye nokucwangcisa iintlanganiso. Okokugqibela, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda imigaqo-nkqubo evelayo yokunciphisa iziphumo kwaye uzilungiselele kakuhle ngaphambi kwengxwabangxwaba engachazwanga.

Ngaphezu koko, ukunciphisa ilahleko ngexesha ukukhutshwa xa kusenzeka intlekele. Ucwangciso olusebenzayo olusebenzayo kufuneka lubekho kwinqanaba likarhulumente kunye nokufunda okwedlule ukuyoyisa ifuthe leziganeko ezinjalo. Ngelishwa, olu phando lufumene ukungahambelani kucwangciso olukhawulezileyo lokucwangciswa kwabadlali abaphambili kwimveliso.

 

FUNDA IPHEPHA LESIQINISEKILEYO I-ACADEMIA.EDU

 

IGOSA LOMNYE

UGqr Ahmad Rasmi Albattat-Unjingalwazi oNcedisayo kwiZiko leMfundo latata, uLawulo kunye neSayensi.

UGqr Ahmad R. Albattat, nguNjingalwazi oNcedisayo kwiZiko leMfundo ePhambili, uLawulo kunye neDyunivesithi yezeNzululwazi, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. UnguNjingalwazi otyeleleyo kunye nomvavanyi wangaphandle kwiMedan Academy yezoKhenketho (Akpar Medan). Uphethe isidanga sobugqirha kuLawulo lweNdwendwe kwiDyunivesithi iSain Malaysia (USM). Usebenze njengoNjingalwazi oNcedisayo, kwiKholeji yase-Amon Applied University, eAmman, eJordani. Umfundisi-ntsapho oPhezulu kunye nomququzeleli wophando kwiSikolo seZibhedlele kunye nezoBugcisa boBugcisa, uLawulo kunye neDyunivesithi yezeNzululwazi, iShah Alam, iSelangor, iMalaysia, kunye noMphandi kwiQela loPhando loKhenketho oluZinzileyo (STRC), ePulau Pinang, eMalaysia. Wayesebenza kumzi-mveliso wokubuka iindwendwe waseJordani kangangeminyaka eli-17. Uthathe inxaxheba kwaye wazisa amaphepha ophando kwiinkomfa ezininzi zemfundo ezazibanjelwe eMalaysia, eTaiwan, eThailand, eIndonesia, eSri Lanka naseJordani. Ulilungu elisebenzayo leBhodi yoPhononongo lwezeNzululwazi kunye noHlelo kwiNdwendwe ulawulo, ihotele, ukhenketho, iminyhadala, ucwangciso olungxamisekileyo, ulawulo lweentlekele, izibonelelo zabasebenzi kwiJenali yoLawulo lwezoKhenketho, Ijenali yoKwazisa ngokuBuka iiNdwendwe kunye noLawulo (JHMM), Imiba yaNgoku kwezokhenketho (CIT), Ijenali yaseAsia-Pacific yoLungiso kwiNdwendwe kunye noKhenketho (APJIHT), Ijenali yeLizwe yezoQoqosho noLawulo (IJEAM), AlmaTourism, Ijenali yezoKhenketho, iNkcubeko kunye noPhuhliso lweMimandla, Ijenali yaMazwe ngaMazwe yoKhenketho noPhuhliso loLuntu oluZinzileyo. Imisebenzi yakhe yamva nje ipapashiwe kwiijenali zamanye amazwe, iinkqubo zenkomfa, iincwadi kunye nezahluko zeencwadi.

 

 

 

_________________________________________________________________

IZALATHISO

• IAl-dalahmeh, M., Aloudat, A., Al-Hujran, O., kunye neMigdadi, M. (2014). Ukuqonda iiNkqubo zikaRhulumente zokuLumkisa kwangoko kumazwe aKhulayo: Imeko yaseJordani. Ijenali yeSayensi yoBomi, i-11(3), 263-270.
• I-al-Rasheed, AM (2001). Amanqaku oLawulo lweMveli yama-Arabhu kunye noMbutho kwiNdawo yoShishino yeJordani. Ijenali yokuPhuhliswa koLawulo lweTransational, 6(1-2), 27-53.
• UAlexander, D. (2002). Imigaqo yokucwangciswa nokulawulwa okungxamisekileyo: I-Oxford University Press, eNew York, e-USA.
• UAlexander, D. (2005). Ukujonga ukuphuculwa komgangatho ekucwangcisweni okungxamisekileyo. Uthintelo lweNtlekele kunye noLawulo, i-14(2), 158-175.
• UAli, SH, kunye no-Ali, AF (2011). Isakhelo esiliQili soCwangciso lweNtlekele kunye noLawulo kwiJordanian yezoKhenketho kwiShishini. Inkqubela phambili kulawulo.
• Burritt, MC (2002). Indlela yokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo: jonga kwishishini lokuhlala, emva koSeptemba 11. Imicimbi yeNdawo yeZindlu, i-26(4), 15-18.
• UCashman, A., uCumberbatch, uJ., Kunye noMoore, W. (2012). Iziphumo zotshintsho lwemozulu kukhenketho kumazwe amancinci: ubungqina kwityala leBarbados. Uphononongo lwezoKhenketho, i67(3), 17-29.
• I-Chaudhary, C. (1991). yophando Ulwazi. IJaipur: SK Parnami, Abapapashi beRBSA.
• UCohen, uE. (2008). Ukuphononongwa kukhenketho lwaseThai: Izifundo eziqokelelweyo zamatyala (Umqu. 11): Ukupapashwa kweQela le-Emerald.
• I-Coppola, DP (2010). Ukwaziswa kuLawulo lweNtlekele lwaMazwe ngaMazwe: Isayensi ye-Elsevier.
• I-Crews, DT (2001). Ityala lolawulo olungxamisekileyo njengomsebenzi. Ijenali yaseAustralia yoLawulo lweNtlekele, i-16(2), 2-3.
• UDe Holan, PM, kunye noPhillips, N. (2004). Ukulibala kombutho njengeqhinga. Umbutho weqhinga, i-2(4), 423-433.
• IDrabek, T. (1995). Iimpendulo zeNtlekele kumashishini abakhenkethi. Ijenali yeHlabathi yeZimo eziNgxamisekileyo kunye neNtlekele, i-13(1), 7-23.
• I-Dynes, R. (1998). "Ukuza kwimeko yentlekele yasekuhlaleni", eQuarantelli, EL (Ed.), Yeyiphi iNtlekele? Iingcinga ngalo mbuzo, Indlela, eLondon, Pp. I-109-126.
• U-Evans, N., kunye no-Elphick, S. (2005). Iimodeli zoLawulo lweNtlekele: uVavanyo lweXabiso lazo lokuCwangciswa kweQhinga kuShishino lokuHamba lwaMazwe ngaMazwe. Ijenali yamazwe oPhando lwezoKhenketho, i-7, 135-150. doi: 10.1002 / jtr.527
• I-Faulkner, B. (2001). Ukufikelela kwisakhelo solawulo lweentlekele kwezokhenketho. Ulawulo lwezoKhenketho, i-22(2), 135-147. doi: 10.1016/s0261-5177(00)00048-0
• Fink, S. (1986). Ulawulo lweNtlekele: Ukucwangcisela abo bangafikeleleki. INew York, NY: UMbutho woLawulo lwaseMelika.
• IGheytanchi, A., Joseph, L., Gierlach, E., Kimpara, S., & Housley, JF (2007). Ishumi elinambini elimdaka: Ukusilela ezilishumi elinambini kwempendulo yeNkanyamba uKatrina kunye nendlela isayikholojisti enokunceda ngayo. I-Psychologist yaseMerika, i-62, 118-130.
• IHelsloot, mna, kunye noRuitenberg, A. (2004). Ukuphendula kwabemi kwiintlekele: kuvavanyo loncwadi kunye nefuthe elithile. Ijenali yeContingencies kunye noLawulo lweNtlekele, i-12(3), 98-111.
• IHystad, PW, kunye neKeller, PC (2008). Ukujongana nesakhelo solawulo lwentlekele yokhenketho: Izifundo zexesha elide ezivela kwintlekele yomlilo wehlathi. Ulawulo lwezoKhenketho, i-29(1), 151-162.
• Ichinosawa, J. (2006). Intlekele ephindaphindekayo ePhuket: ifuthe lesibini le-tsunami kukhenketho olungena ngaphakathi. Uthintelo lweNtlekele kunye noLawulo, i-15(1), 111-123.
• UJohnston, D., Becker, J., Gregg, C., Houghton, B., Paton, D., Leonard, G., kunye noGarside, R. (2007). Ukuphuhlisa isilumkiso kunye namandla okuphendula kwintlekele kwicandelo lezokhenketho eWashington, e-USA. Uthintelo lweNtlekele kunye noLawulo, i-16(2), 210-216.
• IKash, TJ, kunye noDarling, JR (1998). Ulawulo lwentlekele: uthintelo, isifo kunye nongenelelo. Ubunkokeli kunye neJenali yoPhuhliso loMbutho, 19(4), 179-186.
• Phantsi, SP, Liu, J., & Sio, S. (2010). Ulawulo lokuqhubeka kweshishini kwiinkampani ezinkulu zokwakha eSingapore. Uthintelo lweNtlekele kunye noLawulo, i-19(2), 219-232.
• Mansfeld, Y. (2006). Indima yolwazi ngokhuseleko kulawulo lweentlekele ezokhenketho: ikhonkco elilahlekileyo. Ezokhenketho, uKhuseleko noKhuseleko: Ukusuka kwithiyori ukuya ekuziqheliseni, eGcuwa-Heinemann, eOxford, 271-290.
• I-Mitroff, II (2004). Ubunkokeli obungenaxinzelelo: Ukucwangcisela abangakholelekiyo: UJohn Wiley kunye noonyana Inc.
• IParaskevas, A., kunye neArendell, B. (2007). Isakhelo esiliqili sothintelo lobunqolobi kunye nokunciphisa kwiindawo zokhenketho. Ulawulo lwezoKhenketho, i-28(6), 1560-1573. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2007.02.012
• UParker, D. (1992). Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweengozi. ILondon: Abapapashi bakaJames noJames Science.
• Paton, D. (2003). Ukulungela kwentlekele: umbono wentlalo-wengqondo. Uthintelo lweNtlekele kunye noLawulo, i-12(3), 210-216.
• I-Patten, ML (2007). Ukuqonda iindlela zophando: Ushwankathelo lwezinto eziphambili: I-Pyrczak Pub.
• UPerry, R., kunye noQinisekiso, E. (2004). yintoni intlekele? Iimpendulo ezintsha kwimibuzo yakudala. Xlibris Press, Philadelphia, PA.
• I-Perry, i-RW, kunye neLindell, MK (2003). Ukulungela impendulo engxamisekileyo: izikhokelo zenkqubo yocwangciso olungxamisekileyo. Iintlekele, i-27(4), 336-350.
• Pforr, C. (2006). Ezokhenketho kwi-post-kwintlekele kukhenketho kwi-pre-kwintlekele: Uphengululo lweNcwadi yoLawulo lweNtlekele kuKhenketho: Isikolo soLawulo, iYunivesithi yeTekhnoloji yeTekhnoloji.
• UPforr, C., kunye noHosie, PJ (2008). Ulawulo lweNtlekele kuKhenketho. Ijenali yokuThengisa noKhenketho, 23(2-4), 249-264. doi: 10.1300/J073v23n02_19
• Prideaux, B. (2004). Isidingo sokuSebenzisa iiNkqubo zoCwangciso lweNtlekele ukuPhendula kwiNtlekele zoKhenketho eziNkulu. Ijenali yokuThengisa noKhenketho, 15(4), 281-298. doi: 10.1300/J073v15n04_04
• IQuarantelli, i-EL (1970). I-Bibliografi ekhethiweyo yezifundo zeSayensi yoLuntu kwiNtlekele. Isazinzulu sase-America sokuziphatha kakuhle, i-13(3), 452-456.
• IRichardson, B. (1994). Intlekele yezobuchwephesha kwezentlalo: iprofayili kunye nokwanda. Uthintelo lweNtlekele kunye noLawulo, i-3(4), 41-69. doi: doi: 10.1108 / 09653569410076766
• Riley, RW, kunye nothando, LL (2000). Imeko yophando lokhenketho olusemgangathweni. Ii-Annals zoPhando lwezoKhenketho, i-27(1), 164-187.
• URitchie, B. (2004). Isiphithiphithi, iintlekele kunye neentlekele: indlela yobuchule kulawulo lweentlekele kwicandelo lezokhenketho. Ulawulo lwezoKhenketho, i-25(6), 669-683. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2003.09.004
• URittichainuwat, B. (2005). Ukuqonda ukuqonda umngcipheko wetheko phakathi kokuqala nokuphindaphinda abahambi. Iphepha elinikezelwe kwingqungquthela yesithathu yomhlaba yoxolo ngokusebenzisa iforum yezemfundo yezokhenketho: usapho olunye usapho olunye: Ukuhamba kunye noKhenketho-ukukhonza injongo ephezulu, Pattaya, Thailand.
• Rob Robes, V. (1994). Ulawulo loNogumbe: Iphepha laseBradford. Uthintelo lweNtlekele kunye noLawulo, i-3(2), 44 - 60. doi: 10.1108 / 09653569410053932
• Sabri, HM (2004). Iimpawu zentsulungeko yenkcubeko kunye nenkcubeko yombutho. Ijenali yokuPhuhliswa koLawulo lweTransational, 9(2-3), 123-145.
• I-Sandelowski, M. (1995). Ubungakanani besampulu kuphando olusemgangathweni. Uphando kubuhlengikazi kunye nempilo, 18(2), 179-183.
• ISawalha, mna, uJraisat, L., kunye no-Al-Qudah, K. (2013). Intlekele kunye nolawulo lwentlekele kwiihotele zaseJordanian: iinkqubo kunye nokuqwalaselwa kwenkcubeko. Uthintelo lweNtlekele kunye noLawulo, i-22(3), 210-228.
• ISawalha, mna, kunye neMeaton, J. (2012). Inkcubeko yama-Arabhu yaseJordani kunye neempembelelo zayo ekwamkelweni ngokubanzi kweJordanian kolawulo lokuqhubeka kweshishini. Ijenali yokuqhubeka kweshishini kunye nokucwangciswa okungxamisekileyo, 6(1), 84-95.
• IStahura, KA, Henthorne, TL, George, BP, &, kunye neSoraghan, E. (2012). Ukucwangciswa okungxamisekileyo kunye nokubuyiselwa kwimeko yezoyiko: Uhlalutyo ngokubhekisa ngokukodwa kukhenketho. Izibuko zeHlabathi liphela kunye neMidlalo yoKhenketho, i-4(1), 48-58.
• IOfisi yeSizwe yeZizwe eziManyeneyo yokuLungelelanisa iMicimbi yoLuntu. (2012). Ishidi leNqaku leLizwe-iJordani. ICairo, i-Egypt.
• Inkqubo yeZizwe eziManyeneyo yoPhuculo. (2010). Inkxaso yoKwakha iSakhono seSizwe ukulungiselela Ukuzamazama komhlaba Ukunciphisa umngcipheko kwi-ASEZA eJordani. IAqaba, eJordani.
• Walle, AH (1997). Uphando olungelolwakho xa kuthelekiswa nomgangatho. Ii-Annals zoPhando lwezoKhenketho, i-24(3), 524-536.