Ubisi noma ukuhlanza kungabangela ubunzima bokuphefumula bese befuna ingane encane. Noma kunjalo, ingabe kunanoma yikuphi lapho kunqunyelwe inqubo yokukhishwa kwe-airway obstruction?

Kukhona abanye abathi "abazami ukuqhubeka nezinqubo zokususwa kwe-airway obstruction uma kwenzeka uketshezi noma amakhemikhali amancane", nalabo abathi "balandele imihlahlandlela, benze inqubo ngisho nalapho kwenzeka uketshezi noma iziphuzo ezincane ".

Njengoba sonke sazi, ukususwa kwe-airway yokuvimbela ukuvimbela umoya yindlela yokwelapha eye eyenze ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kulondolozwe impilo yezizukulwane eziningi, uma kungenamakhulu, eziye zavinjwa yizidumbu zangaphandle kule minyaka.

Kodwa nini ukususwa kwe-airway yokuvinjelwa kwe-airway kuyonqunywa?

Impendulo yalo mbuzo ibonakala ilula ngokucacile ngoba yile ndlela okufanele ibe ngayo: iqondakala yinoma ubani. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumama-housekazi, abalimi, abameli noma abadibanisisi, iziqondiso zilotshwe ukuthi ziqondwe, noma ngabe ufunde imithi noma awukwazi yini ukukhathazeka ngokufunda incwadi ye-360 amakhasi mayelana nokususwa kwe-airway obstruction ukuvuselelwa kwe-cardiopulmonary. Impendulo yalo mbuzo yilezi: ukususwa kwe-airway obstruction kufanele kwenziwe lapho izindiza zezindiza zivinjelwe.

Kodwa ubani ongasho ukuthi imimoya yomoya ivinjelwe ngempela?

Nginquma nini ukuthi izindiza zomoya zivinjelwe? Ngidinga nini ukuqala ukucabanga ngakho izindlela zokuvimbela umoya? Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona labo abacabanga kanjalo yomoya ukuvinjelwa kuphela uma umzimba wangaphandle ugonywa noma uphazamisekile. Ngakho-ke, Ukuvuselelwa akukwazi ukuvimbela umoya ohamba emoyeni ngoba akuyona umzimba wangaphandle futhi akusiyo eqinile, kodwa i-semi-liquid. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona nalabo abathi ama-semiliquids nawo angakwazi ukuvimbela umoya omoya ngendlela ebulalayo nokuthi kufanele uyenze noma kunjalo. Umzimba ophakeme kakhulu wesayense ku ukuvuselelwa kwe-cardiopulmonary futhi insimu engavinjelwe, ILCOR, bathi kukhona okuhlukile kakhulu nokuningi, okuphumelela kakhulu, lokho kuhambisana nomjikelezo ohlukile ngokuphelele: ukukhwehlela.

Futhi kungenxa yokuthi ukukhwehlela kuyinto reflex okuzenzakalelayo emzimbeni wethu lapho into engaphandle ivimba imimoya yethu. Futhi kuthiwani? Udinga nje ukukhwehlela? Ngezinye izikhathi yebo, futhi kulezi zimo, sikhuluma ngokukhwehlela okuphumelelayo. Kwezinye izimo, ngeshwa, akwanele. Bangu izifundo zesayensi owazama ukuqonda ukuthi kungani ukukhwehlela - ngezinye izikhathi - akuphumelelanga. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi lapho Izimo zokukhishwa kwezindiza ezindiza emoyeni kubanjwe kukhona okuningi okukhuluma ngakho SIDS, a i-syndrome exhunywe ekwenzeni ubisi futhi lokho kungaholela ukuphefumula. Ngaphandle kokuthola ubuchwepheshe obuningi, ukugcina kugxile esihlokweni esithi "ukukhishwa kwe-airway ukuvinjelwa yebo / cha", ake sibone okulotshwe kule Umkhandlu Wokuvuselela IYurophu imihlahlandlela:

• Hlola ubukhulu besimo (ingane ivinjelwe isikhathi esingakanani? Ube ekhwehlela isikhathi eside kangakanani? Ingabe iphenduke i-cyanotic / i-blue?)
• Uma ukukhwehlela kungasebenzi futhi ingane iyazipha iziphazamiso ze-5 ze-dorsal nezingxube ze-5 thorax.
• Uma ukukhwehlela kungasebenzi futhi ingane ingakwazi futhi ingaphefumuli, vula imimoya yomoya, uqhubeke ne-5 ventilations bese uqala i-CPR
• Uma umntwana eqhubeka ekhwehlela futhi ubona ukuthi angakwazi ukuphefumula phakathi kokukhwehlela, umkhuthaze ukuba aqhubeke ekhwehlela futhi aqhubeke ehlola uma kukhona uphawu lokubanjwa okungabonakali okubonakalayo, nokuthi ngabe ukukhwehlela kuphumelela yini noma uma ukuvimbela kuzinquma.

Ngakho, ingabe kukhona ukucaca?

Yebo, i izinqubo kufanele zenziwe ngokuvimbela ngokuphelele lapho umntwana engakwazi ukukhwehlela, ngikhala noma ukhulume, kodwa usazi. Uma engenazi lutho, qhubeka ne- ukuvuselelwa kwe-cardiopulmonary. Akukho bufakazi obwenziwe ngenye indlela.

Inkinga yangempela iyethusa kumuntu omelayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyisiphenduli sokuqala noma umsindisi. Kungani?

Ukuxazulula kangcono le mpikiswano, sacela abaningi abantwana, ngakho-ke singakwazi ukunikeza isithombe esiphelele futhi esiphezulu salesi simo. Kulolu suku, kuyiqiniso ukuthi ukusungulwa okubhekele ukusindisa ukuphila uye wenza ukugwema izinhlekelele eziningi ezingenzeka, kodwa kwezinye izimo - uma amasu afundiswa kabi noma indlela yokuvimbela ukwesaba akuchaziwe - kuye kwenzeka okweqile okwenzekile kwangempela inkinga yezokwelapha. Eqinisweni, idatha ehlinzekwa uMnyango ingeza ekufeni okubangelwa ukuvinjelwa kwamanzi, nakho okubangelwa yi-asphyxiation, i-meconium ukungenisa or amajezi okugaya ukudlala. Lokhu kuwedlulisa inani lokukhishwa kwengxabano - ngaphandle kokunaka nokubheka okufanayo - nokwesaba kakhulu, izikhathi eziningi ngenxa yolwazi olungalungile. Idatha kuphela etholakalayo ekuvimbeleni komzimba wangaphandle - e-Italy - yiyona ehlinzekwe yi-ISTAT, futhi kubikwa ematafuleni angezansi.

Ubani olungile, ke?

Ukulandela imihlahlandlela ye-ILCOR, ayikho indlela yokutshela ukuthi ngubani olungile nokuthi ngubani ongalungile umahluko phakathi kwe-liquid / eqinile, ngoba iziqondiso zihlukanisa phakathi kokuvimbela kanye nokungavimbeli. Noma yimuphi udokotela (futhi sasixoxisana no-5 kubo ngaphambi kokubhala lesi sihloko) uzokutshela ukuthi bNgaphambi kokuqhubeka nenqubo yokukhishwa kwesithiyo, kuyadingeka ukuhlola kahle isimo, ngoba iphesenti yetshezi noma ukuphindaphindiwe kubangele ukuvimbela ukuziphendulela ngenxa yezizindla ezizenzekelayo ukuthi imizimba yethu ishukunywe kakhulu. Ngokuhlukile, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuvimbela umzimba wangaphandle (buka amabhethri, iminqumo, njll). Noma kunjalo, iziqondiso, ekhasini 117, zisho ukuthi izimbangela zokuvinjelwa kwamanzi yizi:

“Ukuvinjwa kwendlela yomoya kungase kube ingxenye noma okuphelele. Kungenzeka kunoma yiliphi izinga, kusukela ekhaleni kuye emlonyeni, kuqhoqhoqho. Esigulini esiqulekile, izindawo ezivame kakhulu ukuvinjwa kwendlela yokuphefumula ulwanga oluthambile kanye ne-epiglottis. Ukuvinjelwa kungabangelwa futhi hlanza noma igazi (ukugeleza kwesisu noma ukuhlukumezeka) noma imizimba yangaphandle. Ukuvinjelwa komphimbo kungase kube okwesibili ekushiseni i-edema, ukuvuvukala noma i-anaphylaxis. Ukugqugquzelwa kwemigudu yomoya engenhla kungabangela i-spasm ye-laryngeal. Ukuvinjwa kwemigudu yokuphefumula engaphansi kwe-larynx akuvamile, kodwa kungase kuvele uma kuphuma uketshezi okweqile kwe-bronchial, i-mucosal edema, i-bronchospasm, i-pulmonary edema noma ukumuncwa okuphakathi kwesisu.”

Ngakho-ke, kufanele ngizame noma iyiphi indlela yokuvimbela umoya noma cha?

Yebo, ukuvimbela umoya ukuhamba kufanele wenziwe uma uqiniseka ukuthi ingane ayiphefumuli futhi ingakhononi ngendlela ephumelelayo yokuqeda ukuvimbela kwakhe, ukunikeza izibonakaliso ezicacile zokuphefumula. Futhi kufanele kwenziwe ngaphandle kokungena ukwesaba, okuyinto isitha sangempela sazo zonke izimpendulo zokuqala. Uma usebenzisana nengane enokuvinjelwa okuyingxenye noma ephelele, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala uzolile, ulindele izimpawu ezicacile zokuvimbela okuvumela ukuqala kwezinqubo zokungavumeli ezisemthethweni, futhi okwamanje kukhuthaze ukuthi isisulu sikhophe. Ukukhathazeka nokungenelela ukukhathazeka yiwona owenza izinto ezingadingeki zokususa izithiyo. Futhi zingasenza sinikeze izinhlungu ezingadingekile ezingenasidingo ngemuva, ezingaphazamisa ukukhwehlela noma kubangele ukuhlukunyezwa kwengane, kubangele esinye isimo kakhulu, esiyingozi kakhulu; okuthiwa i-shaken baby syndrome. Njalo qaphela futhi ungadideki: landela imihlahlandlela futhi ungalokothi ulahlekelwe intukuthelo yakho.