Medevac wa Asitikali aku Italiya: momwe kuthawira kwachipatala kumagwirira ntchito m'malo ochitira zisudzo

Mosiyana ndi nkhondo zanthawi yankhondo, zomwe takhala tikuphunzira m'mabuku azakale, zochitika masiku ano zimakhala zosagwirizana, ngakhale zokwawa komanso zobisika.

Mosiyana ndi Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, lero palibe lingaliro lakutsogolo ndi kumbuyo, koma pali chikhalidwe chotchedwa Three Block War, mwachitsanzo momwe zochitika zankhondo, ntchito za apolisi ndi ntchito zothandiza anthu zitha kuchitika munthawi yomweyo.

Zotsatira za mikangano yotchedwa asymmetrical, yomwe imaperekedwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka pakati pa omwe akupikisana nawo, ndikubalalika kwa magulu ankhondo kudera lonselo.

Dera logwirira ntchito komwe asitikali aku 4,000 aku Italiya komanso ena 2,000 omwe tikulamulidwa ndi mayiko osiyanasiyana akugwira ntchito ndi akulu ngati kumpoto kwa Italy, komwe kuli apolisi osachepera 100,000.

Asitikali athu omwazika mdera la Afghanistan amatanthauza unyolo wopulumutsira azachipatala makamaka pamakina a helikopita ndi ndege, zomwe zimafuna kuchepetsa zovuta zomwe zimadza chifukwa chotalikirana pakati pa malo ovulala ndi malo othandizira.

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Asitikali aku Italiya, MEDEVAC (Kuchotsa Zachipatala)

Awa ndi mawu ankhondo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutanthauzira zochitika zingapo zomwe cholinga chake ndikutulutsa ovulala kunkhondo kapena, kuti akhale okhulupirika pazowona zenizeni, kuchokera kudera la ntchito.

Mawuwa nthawi zambiri amalakwitsa kuti CASEVAC (Casualties Evacuation), mwachitsanzo, kusamutsa anthu ovulala pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosakonzekera.

Pankhani yaku Afghanistan, unyolo wopulumutsira anthu azachipatala ayenera, makamaka milandu yayikulu kwambiri, yolumikizidwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto oyenda mozungulira, chifukwa ndizosatheka kuyendetsa mayendedwe wamba a anthu opwetekedwa m'misewu yaku Afghanistan yosadutsa.

M'malo mwake, kuphatikiza pakusokonekera kwa misewu, mtunda pakati pa Medical Treatment Facilities (MTF) womwe umabalalika kudera lonse la ntchito uyeneranso kuganiziridwa.

Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakati pa chithandizo chamankhwala chomwe chimachitika kudera lonselo ndi zomwe zimachitika m'malo owonetsera.

M'madera amtunduwu, munthu amatha kuyeretsedwa kuchipatala chofotokozedwera ngati mphindi, ali ku Operational Theatre ulendo wosavuta, ngakhale umachitika ndi helikopita, ukhoza kutenga maola.

Pofuna kuthana ndi zosowazi, njira yothandizira zaumoyo imakhazikitsidwa pazinthu ziwiri, imodzi 'lay' ndipo imodzi 'yachipatala'.

Anthu wamba amaphunzitsidwa kudzera mu Combat Life Saver, Military Rescuer ndi Combat Medics maphunziro, awiri oyambirira omwe ali ofanana ndi zosavuta. BLS ndi maphunziro a BTLS, pamene lachitatu, lotha milungu itatu, likuchitikira ku Special Forces School ku Pfullendorf, Germany, kumene akatswiri a zachipatala zadzidzidzi zankhondo amaphunzitsa zozama mozama.

Ndi mphamvu zowonjezeka, maphunzirowa amapatsa mfuti, otsogolera, omenyera zida zankhondo ndi asitikali ena chidziwitso chofunikira kuti athe kulowererapo pothandizira asirikali anzawo, monga chofunikira chothandizira aluso; cholinga ndikuti alowerere, ngakhale mwachidule, mkati mwa ola lagolide.

Cholinga ndikuti alowerere, ngakhale mwachidule, mkati mwa ola lagolide. Mwachizolowezi, kugwiritsa ntchito ziwerengerozi kwatsimikizira kukhala kwakukulu kuposa momwe amayembekezera, ndipo kwatsimikizira kukhala kofunikira m'magawo awiri otsimikizika mzaka ziwiri zapitazi.

Makina otulutsira azachipatala atayambitsidwa, pomwe munthu wamba akugwira ntchito zoyeserera zopulumutsa moyo, ogwira ntchito zankhondo kapena, magulu ena azachipatala ochokera kumayiko ogwirizana amalowererapo.

Makamaka, ntchito ya MEDEVAC yochitidwa ndi mapiko oyenda mozungulira imayendetsedwa mosinthasintha ndi mayiko osiyanasiyana omwe, pogawana ntchito ndi magulu ankhondo, apatsidwa ntchitoyi.

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ZOCHITIKA ZA MEDEVAC NDI HELICOPTER WAKU Italy

Ntchito yothandiza kwambiri pamamishoni a MEDEVAC ndiyomwe imachitika mothandizidwa ndi ndege zodzipereka, kuti athe kuchotsedwa mwachangu; mwachidziwikire, kuti athe kuchitapo kanthu moyenera, ndikofunikira kuti azachipatala alandila maphunziro apadera pakulowererapo kwa mlengalenga ndikuti azachipatala zida imagwirizana ndimayendedwe ndikugwiritsanso ntchito ndege.

Army Aviation (AVES) ili ndi ntchito yolumikizitsa zida zonse zankhondo zomwe cholinga chake ndikuphunzitsa oyendetsa ndege malinga ndi Mgwirizano wa NATO (STANAG) komanso malinga ndi malamulo adziko lonse.

M'malo mwake, asitikali anali ndi zofunikira zonse, koma analibe amalgam oyenera kutanthauziridwa mosapita m'mbali ngati ntchito ya MEDEVAC malinga ndi miyezo ya NATO.

Ntchito yolumikizira Gulu Lankhondo Lankhondo sikuti idangopanga gulu lokhazikika pazofunikira ku Afghanistan kapena ku Lebanoni, komanso pakupanga njira yokhazikika yophunzitsira ndikuwongolera ogwira ntchito zandege zodziwika bwino mu "MEDEVAC Pole of Excellence" yopangidwa ku Lamulo la AVES ku Viterbo.

OYIMBIRA PADZIKO LA MEDEVAC

Ogwira ntchito omwe asankhidwa kuti akhale mgulu la MEDEVAC la Gulu Lankhondo Laku Italiya ayenera, koyambirira, kukhala olimba pantchito zandege, zomwe zimadziwika ndi Air Force Medical Legal Institute, chifukwa ngati mamembala ayenera kugwira ntchito ndikuyanjana ndi aliyense nthawi paulendo wandege wokhala ndi maudindo enieni.

Gawo lophunzitsira kuthawa likuchitika ku Centro Addrativo Aviazione dell'Esercito (CAAE) ku Viterbo, komwe maphunziro a "Forward MEDEVAC" akhazikitsidwa, omwe cholinga chake ndikupangitsa ogwira ntchito zamankhwala kukhala oyendetsa ndege.

Nkhani zomwe zafotokozedwazo ndizongogwiritsa ntchito ndege zokha, ndipo gawo lokhalo lazachipatala ndi cholinga chodziwitsa ophunzira za njira zamankhwala zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ndege za Army Aviation, komanso malangizo oyang'anira odwala potengera zomwe zilipo komanso zochitika zomwe zingachitike.

Ophunzirawo ndi oyenerera kwambiri, olimbikitsidwa ndipo, monga nthawi zonse zikafika pagulu lantchito zandege, ogwira ntchito zachipatala mwaufulu ndi anamwino, ochokera madera atatu: "malo ovuta" a Policlinico Militare Celio, ogwira ntchito zamankhwala ku mabungwe a AVES komanso wamba komanso osankhidwa sungani anthu ogwira ntchito munthawi yazadzidzidzi.

Kufunika kwa ogwira ntchito a MEDEVAC ndikuti akhale ndi azachipatala odziwika bwino pantchito yolowererapo chisanachitike, zomwe akatswiri azachipatala omwe ali pantchito ku maziko a AVES ayenera kukwaniritsa kudzera pamaphunziro omwe ali pantchito omwe akuphatikizapo Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) ndi Pre-Hospital Trauma Life Support (PHTLS) maphunziro, komanso ma internship kuzipatala zoyenera.

Ogwira ntchito / osungira malo osungira malowa ndiwofunika kwambiri chifukwa, ochokera kudziko lankhondo, amaphunzitsidwa bwino ntchito zadzidzidzi kuposa asitikali ankhondo.

Kuphatikiza pa ogwira ndege, palinso omaliza maphunziro ankhondo omwe atumizidwa ndi Health Assistant (ASA), wogwira ntchito zankhondo yemwe wapatsidwa mwayi wowonjezera ukadaulo, wofanana ndi wodzipereka wopulumutsa koma atha kusintha pakapita nthawi.

Mitu yomwe yaphunziridwa m'maphunzirowa ikuphatikiza mfundo zoyambira kuwuluka kwa helikopita ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito kake, mawu ofotokozera zamlengalenga, kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyambira ndi zadzidzidzi pa-bolodi machitidwe a intercom, kukweza mphamvu za ma helikopita a Army Aviation, njira zoyambira ndi zotsika, chitetezo cha ndege ndi kupewa ngozi, meteorology, kupulumuka ndi kuthawa ndi kuthawa pakagwa ngozi m'madera ovuta, njira zadzidzidzi, kudziwana ndi machitidwe a NVG ndi electro-medical. zida za STARMED® PTS (Portable Trauma and Support System).

Ntchitoyi imadzazidwa kwambiri m'masabata awiri, chifukwa chake maphunzirowo nthawi zina amapitilira mpaka usiku, makamaka kukwera usiku ndikutsika kapena kupulumuka.

Masabatawa agawika sabata yophunzitsira komanso sabata lothandiza, ndipo kumapeto kwake ndi kumene ophunzira amachita maulendo ambiri apaulendo, akuguba pambuyo poti 'awomberapo' ndi zina zomwe ayenera 'kuyika manja awo' m'malo mophunzira .

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ANTHU, ZOTHANDIZA NDI Zida mu MEDEVAC

Ogwira ntchitowo akangophunzitsidwa, amapanga magulu a MEDEVAC a amuna 6, ogawidwa m'magulu awiri a amuna atatu, omwe atha kusinthanso pakafunika kutero.

M'mikhalidwe yanthawi zonse, ogwira ntchito amagwira ntchito mpaka pomwe ndege imalola kulandila, ndi dokotala m'modzi, namwino m'modzi, m'modzi mwa iwo ali mdera lovuta, komanso ASA yothandizira.

Pakakhala kofunikira kwambiri kapena pakawonongeka anthu ambiri (MASSCAL) ogwira ntchito atha kulowererapo ngakhale atagawika kapena kugawidwa kuti awonjezere kuchuluka kwa ndege za MEDEVAC.

Ogwira ntchito aliwonse amakhala ndi zida ziwiri, chikwama chokwanira komanso chosasunthika potengera dongosolo la STARMED PTS, komanso mitundu ingapo ya ziwirizi kutengera mbiri yamishoni.

Ndege Zaku Italiya Zoyendetsa Ndege za Helikopita

Army Aviation ili ndi gulu lalikulu kwambiri la ma helikopita amtundu wankhondo, chifukwa chake, gulu la MEDEVAC liyenera kuphunzitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito makina onse omwe akupezeka pakuthandizira nkhondo.

Makina ovuta kwambiri, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa malo omwe alipo, ndi ma helikopita angapo a AB-205 ndi B-12, momwe ogwira ntchito ndi PTS STARMED machira amapeza malo, koma opanda zinthu zambiri zapamwamba; Komano, mkati mwa NH-90 ndi CH-47 pali kuthekera koyambitsa anthu opitilira umodzi / PTS.

Dongosolo la PTS STARMED ndi njira yodziyimira yonyamula zida zamankhwala ndi zovulala, zopangidwa m'malo mwa Gulu Lankhondo Laku Germany, zosinthika pamtunda, pagalimoto ndi mlengalenga, ndikusinthira dongosolo / galimoto iliyonse yomwe ikukwaniritsa miyezo ya NATO.

Makamaka, PTS imatha kusinthidwa / kusinthidwa ndi akatswiri azachipatala okhala ndi zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, imatha kunyamulidwa ndikutsitsidwa limodzi ndi machira ndi wodwalayo.

Kukhoza kukhala ndi zida zachipatala ergonomically kupezeka pama helikopita ndikofunikira kwambiri mgulu lankhondo.

Ma helikopita wamba omwe amaperekedwa kupulumutsa ma helikopita ali ndi zida zina zomwe zimapangitsa makinawo kuti agwire ntchitoyo.

Tsoka ilo, m'magulu ankhondo sizotheka kuperekera makina ku ntchito yokhayo pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana; Choyamba, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti makina ankhondo amatumizidwa kumalo ochitira masewera molingana ndi mbiri yaumishonale yomwe akuyenera kuchita ndipo malinga ndi chithandizo chomwe chilipo, chachiwiri, malinga ndi kupezeka kwa nthawi yandege, pakufunika kusuntha makina kuchokera pa mbiri yakumishoni kupita kwina, ndipo pamapeto pake, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa nthawi zonse kuti helikopita ya MEDEVAC ikhoza kuwonongeka.

Mwachitsanzo, ndizodziwika bwino kuti zisudzo zaku Lebanoni zogwirira ntchito zili ndi makina a B-12; kukhala ndi MEDEVAC yokhazikitsidwa pamakina amtundu wina kungatanthauze mizere iwiri yoyendera.

Kufunika kwa zida zomwe zitha kusamutsidwa msanga kuchokera ku helikopita imodzi kupita ku ina zidatsogolera a SME IV department Mobility Office kuti izindikire machira a PTS opangidwa ndi kampani yaku Germany STARMED ndikugulitsidwa ndi SAGOMEDICA, yomwe inali itathana kale ndi vutoli m'malo mwa Bundeswehr, Gulu Lankhondo Laku Germany.

PTS idawonedwa kuti ndi yoyenera zosowa za Army Aviation kuti ikonzekeretsere ma helikopita ake operekedwa kuti achoke kuchipatala; M'malo mwake, mawonekedwe owonekera kwambiri a PTS ndikuti imagwirizana ndi zothandizira za NATO pazotambasula.

PTS ili ndi zigawo zazikulu 5:

• chidebe chachikulu;
• thireyi yazida;
• machira ochiritsira;
• bolodi la msana / toboga;
• zamagetsi zamagetsi.

Machitidwe akulu omwe amaperekedwa ku PTS osankhidwa ndi ogwira ntchito zachipatala ndikugulidwa ndi Asitikali akuphatikizapo, Argus multi-parameter. defibrillator zowunikira, mapampu a Perfusor, ma laryngoscopes a kanema, makina apamwamba kwambiri koma osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito a Medumat, ndi masilinda a okosijeni a 6-lita.

Kapenanso, pali zida zingapo zonyamula thumba (kuphatikiza pulogalamu yaying'ono ya Propaq yama parameter, makina opumira mpweya mwadzidzidzi, ndi zida zonse zoyendetsera ndege ndi zida zolowetsera) za kukula kwakukulu komwe kungagwiritsidwe ntchito pomwe ogwira ntchito amafunika kukhala anatsika ndikudzipatula ku dongosolo la PTS.

Dongosolo la PTS limapangitsa kuti zithandizire wodwalayo munthawi yonse yololedwa; makamaka, chifukwa cha kusasinthasintha kwake, dongosololi likhoza kupangidwanso kuti lizitha kuyendetsa bwino, monga maulendo ataliatali.

Ngakhale zida zamankhwala zomwe zidasankhidwa zidatsimikizika kuti zizigwiritsidwa ntchito paulendo wapaulendo, a Army Aviation amayenera kuchita kampeni yayitali yoyesa, kuti apeze chizindikiritso cha ntchito, mwachitsanzo, zida zonse zamankhwala zomwe zili ndi zida zapa board kuti zisasokoneze, zonse zamagetsi zamagetsi komanso zamagetsi.

Izi zimaphatikizaponso mayeso owunikira / kuwonongera kwa ndege pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ndege zogwiritsa ntchito Argus Pro Monitor / Defibrillator, yomwe tsopano ndi chitsanzo chokwanira kwambiri mgulu lake, yolimba komanso chitetezo chomwe chimayenererana ndi ndege zankhondo, kwinaku zikusunga zofunikira zonse zaluso.

Mayeso omwe atchulidwawa aphatikizaponso ntchito ina yamaukadaulo oyendetsa ndege zankhondo, komanso chifukwa cha zida zodzitetezera zokhazokha pakusaka kwamphamvu ndi mivi yoyendetsedwa ndi radar.

NJIRA ZOLowererapo

Njira yochotsera ovulala pankhondoyi imakonzedwa ndi ma MTF angapo omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito m'derali, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu pamene munthu akuchoka kumalo omenyera nkhondo. M'malo mwake, monga njira zambiri za NATO, MEDEVAC idapangidwa kuti izigwira ntchito m'malo ochitira zisudzo ku Europe ndi zipani zotsutsana, zomwe sizoyenera kwenikweni zisudzo zaku Afghanistan.

Oyang'anira pansi akawotchedwa ndikuvulala, uthenga wa mizere 9 umatumizidwa, ndikulemba zidziwitso zisanu ndi zinayi zofunika pakukonza zopulumutsa.

Nthawi yomweyo, a Combat Lifesavers ayamba njira zopulumutsa moyo pa msirikali wogwidwa ndikumukonzekera kuti apulumutsidwe ndi gulu la Forward MEDEVAC.

Ku heliport, ma helikopita operekeza okhala ndi zida komanso ma helikopita awiri onyamula akukonzekera kuchitapo kanthu.

Ma helikopita a A-129 ndi oyamba kufika pamalowa, kuyesera kuthana ndi gwero la adani ndi 20mm mfuti yamoto; Malowa atangotetezedwa, ma helikopita a MEDEVAC alowererapo, imodzi mwayo ndiye nsanja yayikulu ndipo inayo imakhala ngati malo osungira kapena kuchotsa ovulala poyenda, omwe pakati pawo atha kukhala asirikali omwe ali ndi nkhawa pambuyo povulala.

Ngati mdani akutsutsana naye, chimphona CH-47 chonyamula chimalowereranso, aliyense atanyamula asirikali 30 omwe amatha kutsika kuti akalimbikitse nthaka.

Zingamveke zachilendo kuti ma helikopita asanu ndi m'modzi ndi oyendetsa ndege 80 ndi asitikali akugwira nawo ntchito zachipatala, koma izi ndi zomwe zikuchitika ku Afghanistan.

Pakadali pano, munthu wovulalayo amayenda chammbuyo kupita kumalo osonkhanitsira anthu ophedwa, ROLE 1, yomwe ndi yolumikizira koyamba pamalondawo ndipo, ngati akuwona kuti siabwino kuchitira wovulalayo, amasamukira ku MTF, ROLE yotsatira 2, yomwe imatsitsimutsa komanso kuthekera kwa opareshoni, ndipo pomaliza ku ROLE 3, komwe kumachitika zovuta zina zomwe zimafunikira zipatala zenizeni.

Tsoka ilo, zenizeni za malo ochitira zisudzo masiku ano sizikuphatikizira kutumizidwa kofanana ndi kuyenda kwa makina kuchokera kutsogolo kupita kumbuyo, koma, komano, zigamba zomwazikana za FOBs, malo owunikira ndi ma patrol omwe amayenda mosadutsa kudera losavomerezeka, lomwe mbali imodzi imasokoneza lingaliro LABWINO.

Dongosolo la US Forward Surgical Team likufuna kusunthira ukadaulo wobwezeretsanso ndi opaleshoni kuchokera ku ROLE 2 kupita ku ROLE 1 kuti mufupikitse njira yolandirira ndikulowererapo koposa mkati mwa ola lagolide.

Gulu Lankhondo Lotsogola la MEDEVAC lankhondo laku Italiya limakhala ndi zida zoyikiratu m'malo omwe amakhulupirira kuti magulu ankhondo atha kukumana ndi mdaniyo kapena komwe akukayikira omwe akutsutsana nawo akukayikira.

Kuyika koyambirira kwamagalimoto opulumutsa kumapangitsa kuti athe kusamutsa odwala kupita ku MTF woyenera kwambiri kuti akachiritse mabala omwe adalandira.

Sizikudziwika kuti gawo lalikulu laudindo, maulendo ataliatali kuti afike pachiwopsezo, zovuta za zochitikazo (zomwe sizingalole kukhazikika m'malo otetezeka kwanthawi yayitali komanso m'malo otakata), mtunda wopita ku kuphimbidwa kuti akafikire MTF woyenera kwambiri kuchiritsira wodwala komanso ukadaulo wapamwamba wazida zomwe zilipo, zimafunikira luso losazolowereka kwa gulu lazachipatala lomwe likugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa Forward MEDEVAC ya Gulu Lankhondo Laku Italy.

Ntchito zina za ma helikopita a MEDEVAC atha kuphatikizira ma barycentric poyimilira kuti athandizire m'malo osewerera, koma ndi nthawi yayitali, yomwe imadziwika kuti Tactical MEDEVAC, potumiza wodwalayo kunyumba ndi ndege zamapiko okhazikika amatchedwa STRATEVAC (Strategic Evacuation), monga Falcon kapena Airbus.

ITALIAN ARMY MEDEVAC, MAFUNSO

Asitikali ndi Asitikali ankhondo omwe, pantchito zakunja, adalipira, ndipo akulipira, kulipira kwakukulu pokhudzana ndi miyoyo ya anthu ndi kuvulala kwawo; M'malo mwake, zochitika zapadera zotsutsana ndi zigawenga ndi zina zonse zofananira, monga chilolezo cha mgodi ndi ntchito za CIMIC, zimapereka kuwonekera kwakukulu kwa ogwira ntchito pachiwopsezo chovulala.

Mwanjira imeneyi, Asitikali aku Italiya amafuna kukhazikitsa gulu la MEDEVAC m'njira zomaliza komanso zotsogola, pankhani yazida komanso maluso ndi njira.

Kuti izi zitheke, gulu la Forward MEDEVAC la Gulu Lankhondo Laku Italiya, lotengera ndege za AVES, ndiye gawo labwino kwambiri lomwe likupezeka, osati m'magulu ankhondo okha, komanso mdziko lonse.

Zipangizo zamankhwala zophatikizika ndimapulatifomu oyenda bwino kwambiri amapereka ogwira ntchito kuchipatala omwe ali ndi chida chovuta kupeza m'maiko ena.

Magalimoto oyenda mozungulira awoneka kuti ndi ofunikira muntchito zamtundu uliwonse za ISAF, kaya ndi yankhondo kapena kuthandizira anthu, chifukwa zinali zosatheka kuyeretsa zida, amuna, njira ndi njira kuti akwaniritse Zabwino kwambiri pantchito yothandizidwa ndi asitikali ankhondo.

Pakadali pano, gulu la MEDEVAC likugwira ntchito ndi ndege ya Italy Aviation Battalion ngati chothandizira kuchipatala chaku Spain chonyamula ndege kuthandizira ntchito za Regional Command West (RC-W) ku Herat.

WERENGANI ZAMBIRI:

COVID-19 Mzimayi Wosunthika Wosamuka Amabereka Pa Helikopita Pa Nthawi Ya Ntchito ya MEDEVAC

SOURCE:

Gulu lankhondo laku Italiya