Ngoku ukuba i-COVID-19 ibuyela umva, umhlaba uzama kancinci ukubuyela kwimisebenzi yawo yesiqhelo, kwaye ungcoliseko luya kwandisa ubukho bakhe emoyeni kwakhona. Kweli nqaku sinqwenela ukuhlalutya inkalo malunga ne-EMS kunye nongcoliseko. Ngaba ungcoliseko lomoya lungawonyusa umngcipheko wokuvalelwa kwesibhedlele kwentliziyo (OHCA)? Makhe sijonge isifundo samazwe aphesheya!

Uphononongo lwamazwe jikelele lufumanisile ukuba, nokuba ikwenza ukuboniswa kwexeshana nje koqwalaselo oluphantsi lwento elungileyo ye-PM2.5, kukho umngcipheko wokuvalelwa kwesibhedlele sentliziyo (OHCA). Uphononongo luqaphele ukuba umbutho kunye nokungcola komoya (ukungcoliseka komoya) njengaleyo evela kutshiso lwamalahle / umgodi, imililo kunye nezithuthi, ngakumbi.

Ubudlelwane phakathi kongcoliseko lomoya kunye ne-OHCA -Umthombo

Inzululwazi Imihla ngemihla, eyenze ingxelo kolu phando, yazisa ukuba uphononongo lwedatha kwilizwe lonke luvela eJapan, lukhethwe ukuba lujongwe ngokugqwesileyo, ubuninzi babahlali kunye nomgangatho womoya, ekukholelwa ukuba ngowona mkhulu kunabo bonke. Inika ubungqina obugcweleyo bolwalamano phakathi kwe-PM2.5 kunye nokubanjwa kwentliziyo, ngakumbi ukubanjwa kwesibhedlele sentliziyo (OHCA).

 

Ubudlelwane phakathi kongcoliseko lomoya kunye ne-OHCA-Ukuqokelelwa kwedatha

IYunivesithi yaseSydney khokele esifundweni kunye Iziphumo zipapashwe kwiLancet yeMpilo yeplanethi. Olu phononongo lujolise ekumiseleni imibutho phakathi kokuchaphazeleka kukungcoliseka komoya okukhoyo kunye neziganeko ze-OHCA (ukubanjwa kwentliziyo ngaphandle kwesibhedlele).

UNjingalwazi Kazuaki Negishi, ugqirha wentliziyo kunye neNtloko yezoNyango kwiYunivesithi yaseSydney School of Medicine kunye nombhali omkhulu, uxele ukuba uphando oluxabisekileyo olwenziwe kunxibelelwano phakathi kongcoliseko lomoya kunye namatyala abukhali enhliziyo (njenge-OHCA), ebengaphelelanga kwaye engahambelani. Namhlanje singatsho ukuba ngaphezulu kwe-90% ye-OHCAs yenzeke kumanqanaba e-PM2.5 asezantsi kunesikhokelo se-WHO, umndilili wemihla ngemihla we-25 yeekhilogrem ngemitha nganye (? G / m3).

 

Umngcipheko wokubanjwa ngaphandle kwesibhedlele kwentliziyo (OHCA)

Unjingalwazi Negishi ucacisa ukuba ukubanjwa kwentliziyo ngaphandle kwesibhedlele (OHCA) sisifo esivela ngaphandle kwezonyango. Ngaphantsi ko umntu omnye kwabali-10 abasindileyo kwihlabathi liphela Iziganeko kwaye kwabakho ubungqina bokwanda kombutho kunye nongcoliseko lomoya oluninzi, okanye izinto ezintle ezinje ngePM2.5.

Olu phononongo luhlalutye malunga nekota yesigidi seminyaka yokuvalelwa kwesibhedlele sentliziyo (OHCA) kunye nekhonkco elicacileyo lokudibana komoya kuxelwa. Isibhengezo sibalulekile: uphononongo luxhasa ubungqina bamuva nje bokuba akukho nqanaba likhuselekileyo lokungcoliseka komoya, kuba iziphumo zabo zibonisa ukuba kukho umngcipheko okhulayo wokubanjwa kwentliziyo nangona umgangatho womoya udibana ngokubanzi nemigangatho.

Umba obalulekileyo kukuba ungcoliseko lomoya kwilizwe lonke luya lonyuka ngokunyuka kwenani leemoto kunye neentlekele ezinje ngemililo. Oko kuthetha ukuba iimpembelelo kwimicimbi yentliziyo, ukongeza kwizifo zokuphefumla kunye nomhlaza wemiphunga kufuneka uthathelwe ingqalelo kwi iimpendulo zokhathalelo lwempilo, nguNjingalwazi Negishi.

 

 

Ukuphucula ubulunga bomoya sisisombululo kwizikere eziphezulu ze-OHCA

Iphepha liphetha ukuba kukho isidingo "esingxamisekileyo" sokuphucula umoya. Ababhali bathi indlela yehlabathi yokuhlangabezana nale nto ibalulekileyo kwezempilo iyimfuneko kwiplanethi yethu.

 

Iziphumo eziphambili zophando kunye nokuba kuthetha ntoni

Idatha yeDyunivesithi yaseSydney:

Olu phononongo luthathe idatha evela eJapan kuba ilizwe ligcina ingxelo egcweleyo yenqanaba lokungcoliseka komoya kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu, kwilizwe lonke lokubanjwa kwentliziyo-esibhedlele ngenxa yentliziyo (OHCA).

Abaphandi bafumanise umngcipheko we-1- 4 weepesenti womngcipheko onxulunyaniswa nokwanda kwe-10 g g / m3 kwi-PM2.5.

Beka enye indlela, iSydney kutshanje ibikhe yabakho ukunyuka kongcoliseko lomoya ngenxa yomsi womlilo kwaye, ngemini yayo embi kakhulu i-PM2.5 yagqitha umgangatho we-25? G / m3 ukutsiba ngaphezulu kwe-500? G / m3 kwidolophana yaseRichmond, ngokuthelekiswa nenqanaba lokutshaya kwengcuba okuqhubekayo. Kukho malunga ne-15,000 ye-OHCA iimeko ngonyaka e-Australia ngoko ke kwimeko ye-hypothetical, ukuba ngaba kukho ukunyuka kwe-10-yunithi kwi-avareji yemihla ngemihla ye-PM2.5, kungakhokelela kwezinye iimeko ezingama-600 ze-OHCA ezikhokelela ekufeni kwe-540 (10% yokusinda kwihlabathi jikelele ).

Iphepha lezeMpilo leLancet Planetary lithelekise ukubanjwa kwentliziyo-esibhedlele (OHCA) okwenzeke ukuya kwiintsuku ezintathu emva kongcoliseko lomoya olubhaliweyo; nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zentliziyo zinokwenzeka ukuya kuthi ga kwiintsuku ezintlanu emva kokungcoliseka komoya komoya, uNjingalwazi Negishi uthi, ke zonke iimpembelelo zentliziyo zinokuba mbi kunokuba kubonisiwe.

Kwaye kwahlalutywa yayiyimpembelelo ngokubhekisele kwisini nakwiminyaka yobudala.

Nangona iimpembelelo azange zahlukane ngokwemigca yesini, kubantu abaneminyaka yobudala engaphezulu kwengama-65, ukubonakaliswa kwe-PM2.5 kwakuhambelana kakhulu neziganeko zezinto zonke ezibangela i-OHCA.

Olu lwazi luveze umanyano phakathi kokuchazwa kwe-carbon monoxide okwethutyana, i-patochemical oxidants kunye nesalfure dioksijini kunye nazo zonke izinto ezibangela i-OHCA (ngaphandle kwesibhedlele ukubanjwa kwentliziyo) kodwa hayi nge-nitrogen dioxide. Unjingalwazi Negishi ucacisa ukuba kungenzeka ukuba amanqanaba e-nitrogen dioxide, umzekelo, ekukhutshweni kweemoto, ebengaphakamanga ngokwaneleyo ukuba angaphumela kwi-OHCA.

Yongeza kwiimpembelelo ezaziwayo zongcoliseko lomoya ekufeni kwesifo sentliziyo ngokubanzi, olu phononongo luxhoma izikhewu kulwazi malunga neziphumo zokuvezwa komoya okwethutyana kukubanjwa komoya okhohlakeleyo kwesibhedlele sentliziyo (OHCA).

Ababhali bathi: "Zihlanganiswe noqikelelo lomgangatho womoya, iziphumo zethu zinokusetyenziselwa ukuxela le meko yongxamiseko kwaye sabele izixhobo zethu ngokufanelekileyo."

Ukungcoliswa komoya okukhawulezayo kwezibakala

Kukho imithombo emibini ephambili ye-PM2.5 kwihlabathi liphela:

1. Izithuthi zendlela / izithuthi

2. Iindawo zokugcina izilwanyana (ezenzeka ezinkulu ngonyaka eCalifornia naseAmazon naseOstreliya)

Zombini ii-PM2.5 kunye ne-PM10 azinakubonwa ngamehlo omuntu kwaye zandisa amathuba okubanjwa kwentliziyo, okuthetha ukuba intliziyo iyayeka, ethi ukuba ingafundiswanga ivele ikhokelela ekufeni kwimizuzu nje.
Umba wokudalwa kwezinto PM10 luthuli njengothuli, lwenziwe umzekelo kwimisebenzi yokugaya kwaye yaphakanyiswa ezindleleni; xa kuthelekiswa, i-PM2.5 ilungile le nto, enokuhamba ukuya emzimbeni kwaye ihlale ixesha elide.
Ungcoliseko lomoya oluyingozi kakhulu yi-PM2.5 - into efanelekileyo yokwenza izinto emalunga neepesenti ezi-3 zobubanzi beenwele zomntu.

Olu phando kukudibana phakathi kweDyunivesithi yaseSydney, iYunivesithi yaseTasmania / Menzies Institute for Medical Medical, iMonash University, iZiko leYunivesithi yase-Rural Health e-Australia kunye neYunithi yaseGunma eJapan.

FUNDA KUNYE

I-OHCA phakathi kwababukele amanxila- Imeko yongxamiseko iphantse yaphenduka ubundlobongela

Ukuhlaziywa kwe-iPhone entsha: ngaba iimvume zendawo ziya kuchaphazela iziphumo ze-OHCA?

Ukusinda kwi-OHCA-Umbutho weNtliziyo yaseMelika utyhile ukuba i-CPR kuphela eyonyusa izinga lokusinda

I-OHCA njengesizathu sokuqala sesithathu seMpilo-ukulahleka kwezifo eMelika

Ityala elingenakwenzeka lwe-OHCA (Ngaphandle kweSibhedlele i-Cardiac Arrest)

Isiqinisekiso esivela ku-WHO ukuba ukungcola kubangela umdlavuza

 

SOURCE