Norway inyika inonakidza inozivikanwa nemisha yakavakirwa nzvimbo dzakawanda uye nharaunda dzesango. Isu takangofungidzira kuti zvaigona sei kupa SAR, kununurwa kwemvura uye kuchengetedzwa kwekupinda munyika yakadai. Ndosaka takabvunzana nezve Northern Norway Joint Rescue Coordination Center (JRCC) mutungamiriri.

Noweyi, iyo nyika inonakidza inozivikanwa nemisikanzwa yakagadzirirwa dzimba dzakasiyana-siyana, masango, mapfumo uye gungwa. Zvisikwa zvinotonga munyika muno. Iye ndiye sosi yehupenyu kuvanhu, asi, panguva imwechete, iye angave asisiri kunzwira tsitsi nesu. Kunyorera kutonhora, nzvimbo dzomusango uye chaizvo nzvimbo isina kusimba ndizvo zvikonzero zvikonzero nei vanhu vachida kudana iyo nyika yenyika inoshamwaridzana nhamba 112 kana 113 kukumbira SAR mishini, rubatsiro uye kutarisirwa. Wakambozvibvunza here kuti sekuno kwekununurwa kunoshanda sei? Kuti tizive zvakawanda ruzivo, isu takabvunzana Northern Norway Joint Rescue Coordination Center (JRCC) mutungamiri Bent-Ove Jamtli.

SAR muNorway uye JRCC - Zvese zvakatanga pakati pegungwa

Aya maviri Rescue Coordination Centers muNorway yakagadzwa mu1970. Pamberi pezvino kutarisirwa kwekukurumidza, SAR mashandiro akange asina kunyatsorongeka, nekuti paive nerudzi rwe “ad hoc” sangano. Pakanga pasina kununura helikopta muNorway, somuenzaniso, izvo zvino, ne Gungwa kununura, idzo mota dzinonyanya kukosha panguva yekutumira. Iyo yekutanga helikopta yakatengwa muna1967 mushure mechiitiko chikuru yakaitika mukati megungwa pakati peNorway neDenmark.

Ngarava yakanga yorema pakutambudzika. Vanhu vanenge 150 vakanga varipo bhodhi uye igwa rakanga roda kunyura. Neraki, munhu wese akanunurwa neDanish nekuda kwekushandiswa kweSAR helicopters. Denmark ndiyo yega yaive nemhando yakanaka ye kununura helikopta kuwanikwa, saka vakakwanisa kununura vanhu vari munjodzi mugungwa vasina nyaya. Norway yakanga ichiderera zvishoma mumunda uyo, saka iyo SAR huru sangano yakafunga kutora Gungwa kununura helikopta, zvakare, uye maviri kununura kubatanidza nzvimbo dzakasimbiswa: imwe muNorth Norway, iri muBodø, uye imwe iri kuSouth Norway, iri muSola. Sangano iri rakaumbwa kuti ripe basa rehunhu hwakanaka munyika yese. Mushure mechiitiko ichocho, zvese zvakagadziridzwa kuti zvipe kunyange iri nani basa rekukurumidzira.

SAR muNorway - Sei runhare rwekununura runofambiswa

An runhare rukuru inosvika munzira mbiri dzakasiyana: kuburikidza ne transmitting emergency, maritime VHF ch 16, MF redhiyo, DSC kana kuti vachishandisa 112 / 113. Pane zvazviri kudanidzira kwekukurumidzira, kubva mundege kana chikepe, tinoachigamuchira zvakananga. Kana kufona kuchisvika mapurisa kuburikidza 112 kana kuti amburenzi sevhisi kuburikidza 113, uye kana vasingakwanisi kuzvichengeta zvakananga, vachaisa foni mberi kune JRCC NN.

"Kwizhinji yekufona kwenhamo inogamuchirwa neredhiyo yedu yemahombekombe", anotsanangura Director Jamtli. "Kazhinji chikamu chekushungurudzika kufona chinosvika ikoko." Ruzivo rwunosvikawo kubva ku Mutemo Wekuchengetedza Kwemhepo nekuti vanogashira kushevedzera kwekutambudzika kana ndege kana helikopta ikashaikwa. "Runhare runogona kubva kumasangano akasiyana, chaiko."

Once the JRCC NN kuwana ruzha uye vasati vapindira, vangakumbira rubatsiro rwemamwe masimba.

Mr. Jamtli vakati, "Zvinoenderana nerudzi rweSAR emergency nekuti isu tinokwanisa munda, aeronautical uye kununurwa kwemvura. In case of nyika inunura, semuenzaniso, kana mumwe munhu akarasika muhuni kana akabatanidzwa neavalcheche, isu tinobatana isu kununura sub-nzvimbo mune imwe nzvimbo yemapurisa muNorway. Muzviitiko izvi tinopa rubatsiro kumasangano emunharaunda, kupa helicopter uye zvigadziro zvavanoda kuti zviitwe. "

Norway - Vashandi paJRCC NN yekupa SAR

At JRCC NN shandisa 2 SAR Mission Coordinators (SMC) per shift. Vanobatanidza pamusoro pezviitiko zvekuponesa zve 3.000 gore negore. Kunewo 2 vanoenda kumhenderekedzo yeredhiyo pabasa. Job Northern Norwegian JRCC yakarongedzwa mumabhuruku, uye vashandi vanosarudzwa kubva kune mamwe maitiro ekushanda: nepagungwa, aeronautical, mapurisa kana kuti chirwere chekukurumidzira.

"Vanofanira kuve neruzivo rwakanaka tisati tavashandisa.", Anovimbisa Jamtli. “Mushure mebasa, vanowana kudzidziswa kwegore nesu, ipapo vanozoongororwa uye vachiongororwa. Mushure mezvo, vanove vanobvumidzwa SAR Mission Coordinators. Isu tinofanirwa kudzidzisa vashandi vanobva kwakasiyana-siyana nekuti tinopa nyika, gungwa uye nyeredzi SAR, saka ivo vanodzidzirana panguva dzehumambo. Vanodzidza kubva kune mumwe nemumwe, vachipa timu timu basa rinoshanda. ”

SAR muNorway - Technologies yakakosha

"Tine satellites systems kuziva nzvimbo yakarurama yechikepe kana munhu akarasikirwa nekuda kwema polar orbit satellites ", anotsanangura Mutungamiri.

In case of a dhiyabhorosi mugungwa kana paine ndege, JRCC NN anowana chiratidzo kubva American GPS uye Galileo satellites. Kuwedzera kwekuvandudzwa kwetabhensi yakagamuchira uye kutumirwa kwe kutambudzika kunoratidza vanowanikwa zvinokonzera mabhiiyoni. Ivo zvakare vanorasa yakajairwa nzvimbo sisitimu, kunge mhenderekedzo redhiyo nhepfenyuro, HF radio. "Kazhinji chiteshi cheredhiyo chepamhenderekedzo chinotizivisa nezve zviitiko.", Vanotsanangura VaJamtli.

"Tiri kuwedzera zvimwe zvikamu uye chinangwa chedu ndechokushandisa zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvepa satelliti kuti kuvandudzire kubudiswa kwe zvinokonzera mabhiiyoni. Asi isu vachiri kuzviedza kuti zviite kuti hutapudzo huve hwakanyanya. Implementation kuNMCC yakatanga muna 2013 uye ichave nekuedzwa kwakanyanya kushanda kusvika kwanyatsoshanda zvakakwana, netariro muna 2017 "

Zvakadiniko nemotokari dzekununura muNorway SAR?

Iyo inonyanya kukosha kubatsira JRCC NN kurasikirwa kununura helikopta.

"Tine zvigadziko zvitanhatu zvine Gungwa-Kings kumahombekombe uye 2 Super-Puma inunura helicopter muSvalbard. Asi kumahombekombe kune mauto emuchadenga anoshanda nemaherikoputa. ”

Kunyanya, ivo vanorasa yakasarudzika SAR midziyo yeSAR, Mhepo Ambulance uye Mapurisa ekutsigira zvakakosha. yeizvi, vane Gungwa-King maherikoputa anowanikwa, zvisinei, ivo vachakurumidza kutsiviwa neAW-101 kubva 2017-2020.

Masangano ehurumende anosungirwa kutora chikamu nezvose zviripo uye zvigoneki zvigadziriswa mune a rescue operation kana yakabvunzwa nenyika uye nzvimbo JRCC-Masangano evanhu kuvhara zvavanobhadharira, izvo muhoro, manejimendi uye nemari yekutakura. Kune rimwe divi, tinofukidza mari yekuwedzera, sekudhara mari inoenderana nekushandiswa, kukuvara uye kurasikirwa kwe midziyo.

JRCC Norway - Nyika ine nekukurumidza inochinja mamiriro ekunze

Kazhinji, mhepo ndiyo chipingamupinyi chikuru Northern Norway JRCC, nokuti maredhiyo, zvinyorwa uye dzimwe nguva SAR maitiro ivo vamene, neherikoputa, kunyanya, inodziviswa. Kunyanya, apo nyanzvi dzinofanirwa kuwana mota yakarasikirwa, semuenzaniso, ngarava uye zvirongwa zve radar hazvishande, zvine dambudziko. Kunyanya mune nyika yakasarudzwa seNorway, mamiriro ekunze anochinja nekukurumidza. The kukurumidza kwekusunungura basa inokosha JRCC NN kunze mamiriro ekunze asati akonzeresa zvimwe nyaya. Matambudziko makuru mune artic:

• Makore marefu
• Vashoma vanunura pfuma
• Kunze kwakanyanya mamiriro ezvinhu
• Communications
• Kusana kwezuva

 

Director: “Zvakamboitika kuti chikepe chidiki chehove chine vakomana vaviri vari muchikepe chakange chiri mukutambudzika. Mamiriro ekunze akange aine dutu asi vakaedza kuseta zvakadaro. Pane imwe nguva chikepe chakapidiguka uye nerombo rakanaka kwavari, vaive vasiri kure nemahombekombe, saka vakakwanisa kusvika kumahombekombe, asi nzvimbo yacho yaive iri kure, padyo neNorth Cape. Takaedza kusvika kwavari negungwa, asi mamiriro ekunze haana kutitendera kusvika kunzvimbo iyoyo yemahombekombe zvakachengeteka. Saka takatumira helikopta, asi kwaive nemhirizhonga yakawandisa kuti tivimbise kuchengetedzeka kwevashandi vedu nevakomana pamahombekombe. Takaedza kutumira nyika kununura boka on snowmobiles kubva kumusha wepedyo kure 1:30 h kubva muchikepe, asi nekuda kwe blizzard, vakaisa panjodzi yekudonha kubva kumatombo. Saka vakomana vaifanira kugara pamhenderekedzo kwemaawa mashanu, vakamirira kuti mhepo itonhore. Saka iyo helikopta inogona kupedzisira yaburuka voinunura. ”

Neraki, izvi zvave zviitiko umo pasina akakuvara kana kurasikirwa nehupenyu. Iyo rombo ndeyekuti ava vakomana vaive pedyo nemahombekombe, zvikasadaro, hapana munhu angafungidzira zvingaitika kana vasipo. Nguva zhinji, nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze akashata, nyanzvi dzinogona kutumirwa. Izvo zvingave zvine njodzi kwazvo kwavari, zvakare.

Nhau nemapurojekiti eNorway JRCC NN

Takabvunza Mr. Jamtli kana ivo vari kufunga nezve imwe purojekiti yekuvandudza basa ravo uye kurerutsa basa ravo mukati SAR munda.

"Tine imwe chirongwa chekuvandudza basa redu. Kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzatinoda kuvandudza kuvapo kwedu. Takatenga 16 itsva helicopter kuti tive nekuvandudza basa redu, zvakadai AugustaWestland 101 uye vese vakavakirwa muUK. Parizvino isu tinongova ne6 helikopta chete uye isu tirivavarira kuisa chitsva chitsva munharaunda yekuNorway. Isu tinongova nemagadziko maviri ipapo uye tinoda kuvhara zvirinani nzvimbo iyoyo nekuti yakakura kwazvo. Isu tiri kutarisa mukuvandudza mataudziro eSatellite. Pano, kunyanya mune vete, uko kune isina kutaurwa satellite uye isina bhaidhi, isu hatigone kutaurirana zvakanaka pakati pevashandi vehelikoputa, zvakare nekuti maherikoputa matsva ane michina yekutaurirana satellite kuchinjana mepu, nzvimbo dzekununura uye zvimwe zvinhu nekukurumidza. Izvi zvinoreva kuti tinoda Broadbandband, saka tinofanirwa kuvandudza satellite kutaura kwepasirosi munzvimbo yepolar. "Asi zvakadhura, saka tiri kudzidza maitiro ekuzviita."

 

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