Melanoma: a silent threat to the skin
Understanding the Signs of Melanoma for Early Diagnosis
What is Melanoma?
Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that originates in melanocytic cells, responsible for producing melanin, the pigment that gives color to the skin. This form of cancer can manifest with changes in the size, shape, or color of an existing mole, or as a new, unusually pigmented growth on the skin. While melanoma often starts as a mole, it can also develop on apparently healthy skin and in areas not exposed to the sun, such as the palms of the hands, the soles of the feet, and under the nails.
Recognition and Warning Signs
Warning signs of melanoma include changes in an existing mole or the development of new skin lesions. It’s important to pay attention to moles with asymmetrical shapes, irregular borders, color variations, or changes in size, as well as symptoms like itching or bleeding. Hidden melanomas, which develop in less sun-exposed areas, can be challenging to detect and require special attention.
Risk Factors and Prevention
Risk factors for melanoma include a family history of melanoma, exposure to UV rays from the sun or tanning beds, having many moles or atypical moles, living in areas near the equator or at high altitudes, having easily sunburned skin, and a weakened immune system. Prevention involves avoiding excessive sun exposure, using sunscreen, and regularly checking the skin for any changes in moles or the appearance of new lesions.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Early diagnosis is crucial for effective melanoma treatment. If changes in a mole or the appearance of a new skin lesion are detected, it’s important to consult a doctor immediately. The treatment of melanoma varies depending on the stage and may include surgical removal, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy.
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