Ukufumanisa ukuba kutshintshe unyango lwesifo seswekile

Insulin, enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwezonyango ezifunyenweyo I20 yekhulu leminyaka, ifanekisela impumelelo kumlo ochaseneyo iswekile. Ngaphambi kokufika kwayo, ukuxilongwa kwesifo seswekile kwakudla ngokuba sisigwebo sokufa, kunye nethemba elincinci kwizigulana. Eli nqaku lilanda imbali ye-insulin, ukusuka ekufumaneni kwayo ukuya kuphuhliso lwangoku oluqhubeka nokuphucula ubomi babantu abanesifo seswekile.

Iintsuku zokuqala zophando

Ibali le-insulin liqala ngophando lwezazinzulu ezimbini zaseJamani, Oskar Minkowski kwaye UJoseph von Mering, owathi ngo-1889 wafumanisa indima ye-pancreas kwisifo seswekile. Oku kufunyaniswe kwakhokelela ekuqondeni ukuba i-pancreas ivelisa into, kamva echongiweyo njenge-insulin, eyimfuneko ekulawuleni amanqanaba eswekile yegazi. Ngowe-1921, UFrederick Banting kwaye UCharles Best, esebenza kwiYunivesithi yaseToronto, yahlula ngempumelelo i-insulin kwaye yabonisa umphumo wayo wokusindisa ubomi kwizinja zesifo seswekile. Esi siganeko sibalulekileyo savula indlela yokuveliswa kwe-insulin ukuze isetyenziswe ngabantu, iguqula kakhulu unyango lweswekile.

Imveliso kunye nendaleko

Intsebenziswano phakathi kweYunivesithi yaseToronto kunye Eli Lilly kunye neNkampani yanceda ukunqoba imingeni enxulumene nokuveliswa kwe-insulin enkulu, eyenza ukuba ifumaneke kwizigulane zesifo sikashukela ekupheleni kwe-1922. Le nkqubela yabonisa ukuqala kwexesha elitsha kunyango lwesifo sikashukela, evumela izigulane ukuba ziphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Ukutyhubela iminyaka, uphando luye lwaqhubeka nokuguquka, olukhokelela ekuphuhlisweni kwe-recombinant i-insulin yabantu kwi-1970s kunye ne-insulin analogues, ngakumbi ukomeleza ulawulo lweswekile.

Ngokubhekiselele kwikamva lonyango lweswekile

Namhlanje, uphando lwe-insulin luyaqhubeka nokuqhubela phambili, kunye nophuhliso lwe ngokukhawuleza okukhulu kunye ne-insulin egxininiswe kakhulu ethembisa ukuphucula ngakumbi ulawulo lweswekile. Itekhnoloji efana nale i-pancreas eyenziweyo, edibanisa ukujongwa kwe-glucose eqhubekayo kunye neepompo ze-insulin, ziba yinyani, zinika ithemba elitsha lokulawula isifo sikashukela esilula kunye nesisebenzayo. Ezi nkqubela phambili, zixhaswa luphando oluxhaswa ngemali yi Isizwe seSizwe soSifo sikashukela kunye neeNtsholongwane zeNtsholongwane (i-NIDDK), ijolise ekwenzeni unyango lwesifo seswekile lungabi ngumthwalo kwaye lube lolwabantu ngakumbi, luphucula umgangatho wobomi babantu abaphila nale meko.

imithombo

• https://diabetes.org
• https://it.wikipedia.org
• https://www.fda.gov
• https://www.niddk.nih.gov