Insulin: an ceci rayuka dari
Binciken da ya kawo juyin juya halin ciwon sukari
insulin, daya daga cikin mahimman binciken likita na 20th karni, wakiltar ci gaba a cikin yaƙi da ciwon sukari. Kafin zuwansa, gano cutar ciwon sukari sau da yawa hukuncin kisa ne, tare da ƙarancin bege ga marasa lafiya. Wannan labarin ya binciki tarihin insulin, tun daga gano shi zuwa abubuwan da suka faru na zamani waɗanda ke ci gaba da inganta rayuwar masu ciwon sukari.
Kwanakin farko na bincike
Labarin insulin ya fara ne da binciken wasu masana kimiyyar Jamus guda biyu, Oskar Minkowski da kuma Joseph von Mering asalin, wanda a cikin 1889 ya gano rawar da pancreas ke takawa a cikin ciwon sukari. Wannan binciken ya haifar da fahimtar cewa pancreas ya samar da wani abu, wanda aka gano a matsayin insulin, mai mahimmanci don daidaita matakan glucose na jini. A shekara ta 1921. Frederick Banting da kuma Charles Mafi kyawun, yana aiki a Jami'ar Toronto, ya sami nasarar ware insulin kuma ya nuna tasirin ceton rai akan karnuka masu ciwon sukari. Wannan babban ci gaba ya share fagen samar da insulin don amfanin ɗan adam, yana canza maganin ciwon sukari sosai.
Production da juyin halitta
Haɗin gwiwar tsakanin Jami'ar Toronto da Eli Lilly da kamfanin ya taimaka wajen shawo kan ƙalubalen da ke da alaƙa da samar da insulin mai girma, wanda ya samar da shi ga masu ciwon sukari a ƙarshen 1922. Wannan ci gaban ya nuna farkon wani sabon zamani na maganin ciwon sukari, yana ba marasa lafiya damar yin rayuwa ta kusan al'ada. A cikin shekaru, bincike ya ci gaba da haɓakawa, yana haifar da ci gaba da haɓakawa insulin mutum a cikin 1970s da analogs na insulin, yana ƙara haɓaka sarrafa ciwon sukari.
Zuwa ga makomar maganin ciwon sukari
A yau, binciken insulin yana ci gaba da ci gaba, tare da haɓaka matsananci-sauri da kuma insulins mai daɗaɗɗa sosai waɗanda ke yin alƙawarin ƙara haɓaka sarrafa ciwon sukari. Fasaha kamar su wucin gadi pancreas, wanda ya haɗu da ci gaba da saka idanu na glucose tare da famfunan insulin, sun zama gaskiya, suna ba da sabon bege ga mafi sauƙi kuma mafi inganci don sarrafa ciwon sukari. Waɗannan ci gaban, wanda bincike ya samu tallafin National Institute of Diabetes da narkewa da cututtukan koda (NIDDK), da nufin sanya maganin ciwon sukari ya zama ƙasa da nauyi da kuma keɓantacce, haɓaka ingancin rayuwa ga mutanen da ke fama da wannan yanayin.
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