Kwakabva maikorosikopu: hwindo mune micro world
Rwendo kuburikidza neNhoroondo yeMicroscopy
Midzi yeMicroscopy
Pfungwa ye microscope kwakabva kare. In China, kare kare makore 4,000 apfuura, masampuli akawedzerwa akaonekwa kuburikidza nelenzi pamagumo emvura yakazadzwa nechubhu, ichiwana mazinga makuru ekukudza. Chiitiko ichi, chakafambira mberi zvakanyanya panguva yayo, chinoratidza kuti kukwidziridzwa kwemaziso yaive pfungwa yaizivikanwa uye yaishandiswa kare. Mune dzimwe tsika zvakare, senge ChiGiriki, VaEgipita, uye Roman, ma<em>curved lenzi akashandiswa nokuda kwezvinangwa zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kuvhiya. Iyi mienzaniso yapakuvamba, kunyange zvazvo yakanga iri mitsva, yakanga isati ichimirira maikorosikopu sezvatinoiziva nhasi asi yakaisa hwaro nokuda kwokugadzirwa kwayo kwomunguva yemberi.
Kuberekwa kweCompound Microscope
Kubudirira kwechokwadi munhoroondo yemicroscope kwakaitika kumativi ose 1590 apo vatatu veDutch lens vagadziri - Hans Jansen, mwanakomana wake Zacharias Jansen, uye Hans Lippershey - vanozivikanwa nekugadzira iyo remubatanidzwa maikorosikopu. Ichi chishandiso chitsva, chakabatanidza malenzi akawanda muchubhu, chakabvumira kukwidziridzwa kukuru kupfuura nzira dzakapfuura. Yakava yakakurumbira muzana remakore rechi17 uye yakashandiswa nemasayendisiti akadai Robert hooke, muzivi wechiNgezi womuzvarirwo, uyo akatanga kupa mienzanisiro yenguva dzose kuRoyal Society kutanga muna 1663. Muna 1665, Hooke akabudisa “Micrograph", ibasa rakaunza huwandu hwakasiyana hwekutarisa tusingaoneki uye rakabatsira zvakanyanya mukupararira kwemaikorosikopu.
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek: Baba veMicroscopy
Panguva imwe chete neHooke, Antoine van Leeuwenhoek, mutengesi weDutch uye musayendisiti, akagadzirwa nyore asi mamaikorosikopu ane simba rinoshamisa. Leeuwenhoek akashandisa mamaikorosikopu aya pakuongorora kwake tupukanana tusingaoneki mumvura muna 1670, nokudaro achitangisa microbiology. Iye anozivikanwa nehunyanzvi hwake mukugadzira lens uye netsamba dzake dzakadzama kuRoyal Society muLondon, iyo yakasimbisa nekuparadzira zvaakawana. Kuburikidza netsamba idzi, Leeuwenhoek akave munhu wepakati mukuvandudzwa kwemicroscope.
Tekinoroji Kufambira mberi
Kubva manheru 17th remakore, optics yechiridzwa ichi yakaramba ichifambira mberi nokukurumidza. Mu 18th remakore, kufambira mberi kwakakosha kwakaitwa mukugadzirisa chromatic aberrations, kuvandudza zvakanyanya kunaka kwemufananidzo. Mu 19th remakore, kuiswa kwemarudzi matsva egirazi yemaziso uye kunzwisisa kwe optical geometry kwakatungamirira kune imwezve kuvandudzwa. Zviitiko izvi zvakavaka hwaro hwemaikorosikopu yemazuva ano, zvichigonesa kuongorora nyika ine microscope nemazvo uye zvakajeka zvisati zvamboitika.