Pamavambo ekurapa maitiro: nhoroondo yezvikoro zvekurapa zvekutanga
Rwendo muKuberekwa uye Kushanduka kweDzidzo yezvokurapa
Chikoro cheMontpellier: Chirevo cheMireniyumu
The Faculty of Medicine panguva Yunivhesiti yeMontpellier, yakatangwa muzana remakore rechi12, inozivikanwa se chekare chinoramba chichishanda chikoro chekurapa munyika. Mavambo ayo anodzokera ku1170 apo musimboti wekutanga wevanodzidzira chiremba-vadzidzisi wakaumbwa. Muna 1181, chirevo na William VIII akadanidzira rusununguko rwekudzidzisa mushonga muMontpellier. Chikoro ichi chine nhoroondo yakapfuma inoratidzwa nekurudziro yetsika dzechiArab, dzechiJudha, uye dzechiKristu dzekurapa uye kukosha kwemaitiro ekurapa kunze kwechero hurongwa hwemasangano. Musi waNyamavhuvhu 17, 1220, Cardinal Conrad d'Urach, gweta rapapa, akapa mitemo yekutanga ku“universitas medicorum” yeMontpellier. Chikoro cheMontpellier chaona mafambiro evanhu venhoroondo vakaita se rabelais uye Arnaud de Villeneuve, zvichibatsira zvikuru mukugadzirwa kwemishonga yemazuva ano.
The Salerno Medical School: Pioneer weEuropean Medical Education
Salerno, kumaodzanyemba kweItaly, inonzi yakatanga mushonga wemazuva ano weyunivhesiti yeEurope. The Salerno Medical Chikoro, anozvidaidza kuti “Civitas Hippocratica", yakavakirwa patsika dzaHippocrates, varapi vekuAlexandria, naGalen. Muzana remakore rechi11, nguva itsva yakatanga nayo Constantine muAfrica, uyo akashandurira zvinyorwa zvemishonga yeGreco-Arabic muchiLatin. Chikoro ichi chakava nzvimbo huru yedzidzo yekurapa kune vese varume nevakadzi, ine yakamisikidzwa kosi uye neruzhinji hutano hwehutano. Pakazosvika zana remakore rechi12, anenge mabhuku ose aAristotle, Hippocrates, Galen, Avicenna, uye Rhazes akanga ava kuwanikwa muchiLatin. Dzidzo yezvokurapa yakasimbiswa mukutonga kwaMambo Frederick II, uyo akariisa pasi pehurumende.
Kukosha Kwezvikoro Zvekurapa
Zvikoro zvekurapa zveMontpellier neSalerno zvakaita basa rakakosha mukusimudzira mushonga wemazuvano, kupesvedzera dzidzo yezvokurapa uye kuita muEurope yose. Maitiro avo ekudzidzisa uye kuvhurika kune akasiyana tsika dzekurapa zvakateya hwaro hwedzidzo yekurapa yekuyunivhesiti sezvatinoiziva nhasi. Idzi nzvimbo dzekudzidza hadzina kungoburitsa varapi vane hunyanzvi chete asi vaivewo hubs tsvakurudzo uye innovation.
Tichifunga nezvenhoroondo yezvikoro izvi, zvinova pachena kuti dzidzo yezvokurapa yakakanganisa sei nzanga zvikuru. Nhaka yezvikoro zvakaita seMontpellier neSalerno inoenderera mberi nekupesvedzera nyika yemishonga, ichisimbisa kukosha kwekudzidzira-kwakavakirwa kudzidza, kutsvagisa, uye kudyidzana.
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