Azimayi oyamba ozimitsa moto: mbiri ya gulu la akazi mu 1800s
Apainiya Olimbana ndi Moto mu Nyengo ya Victorian
Moto Woyamba wa Kusintha
The mbiri ya akazi in kuwotcha moto ali ndi mizu yozama kuyambira koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 1800. Mmodzi mwa akazi oyambirira olembedwa ozimitsa moto anali Molly Williams, membala wa Oceanus Fire Company No. 11 ku New York kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 19. Zopereka zake zidadziwika kwambiri panthawi ya chipale chofewa mu 1818 pomwe odzipereka ambiri kulibe chifukwa cha chimfine, ndipo adathandizira kuzimitsa moto. Komabe, kupangidwa kwa gulu la akazi ozimitsa moto kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800 kunali chinthu chofunika kwambiri komanso chomwe sichinachitikepo. Girton Ladies College ku Britain adakhazikitsa gulu lazimayi lozimitsa moto kuyambira 1878 mpaka 1932, lomwe limagwira ntchito ngati gawo lofunika kwambiri pakuchita nawo gawo kwa amayi pantchito iyi.
Kulimba Mtima mu Gulu
Mu United States, akazi ankakangana ndi ntchito yozimitsa moto, makamaka m’nthaŵi yankhondo pamene amuna anali kunkhondo. Nthawi Nkhondo Yadziko Lonse ndi Nkhondo Yadziko II, akazi ambiri analowa nawo ntchito zozimitsa moto m’malo mwa amuna amene anaitanidwa kukagwira ntchito ya usilikali. M'nkhaniyi, makampani angapo ozimitsa moto azimayi adapangidwa. Mwachitsanzo, mu 1960s, mu king CountyCalifornia, ndi Woodbine, Texas, makampani opanga moto azimayi onse adapangidwa, ndi amayi omwe akugwira ntchito yogwira ntchito komanso yofunikira pakuzimitsa moto ndi kuwongolera moto.
Evolution Patapita Nthawi
Ulendo wa amayi pakuzimitsa moto wakhala wautali komanso wodzaza ndi zovuta. M'kupita kwa nthawi, iwo anazindikira kwambiri ndi kuvomerezedwa, makamaka pambuyo chivomerezo cha Lamulo la Ufulu Wachibadwidwe ya 1964 ku United States, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti maofesi azimitsa moto aletse akazi kupempha ngati ozimitsa moto. Izi zidapangitsa kuti azimayi ambiri alowe nawo ntchito zozimitsa moto, monga tawonera pamilandu ya Sandra Forcier ndi Judith Livers Mu 1970s.
Mbiri ya akazi ozimitsa moto, makamaka ya kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800, gulu lachikazi lachikazi, likuyimira mutu wofunikira paulendo wautali wokhudzana ndi kufanana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi komanso chilungamo pakati pa ogwira ntchito. Apainiyawa asiya cholowa cha kulimba mtima ndi kutsimikiza zomwe zikupitiriza kulimbikitsa ndi kulimbikitsa mibadwo yamtsogolo.
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