ABC mu Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Basic Life Support imatsimikizira kuti wozunzidwayo amalandira CPR yapamwamba kwambiri panthawi yochepa kwambiri.

Kodi ABC mu CPR ndi chiyani: ABC ndi chidule cha Airway, Breathing, ndi Circulation

Limanena kutsatizana kwa zochitika mu Thandizo loyamba pa moyo.

• Airway: Tsegulani njira yapamphepo ya wovulalayo pogwiritsa ntchito chonyamulira chibwano chopendekeka kapena kuwongolera nsagwada.
• Kupumira: Pereka mpweya wopulumutsa
• Kuzungulira: Kupanikiza pachifuwa kuti magazi aziyenda bwino

The Airway and Breathing idzapereka kuyesa koyambirira ngati wozunzidwayo adzafunika CPR kapena ayi.

Thandizo lofunikira la moyo limatanthawuza thandizo la akatswiri omwe amayankha poyamba kupereka kwa ozunzidwa ndi njira yodutsa mpweya, kupuma mavuto, kumangidwa kwa mtima, ndi zochitika zina zadzidzidzi zachipatala.

Maluso awa amafunikira chidziwitso cha CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation), AED (automated defibrillator) luso, ndi chidziwitso chothandizira kutsekereza kutsekeka kwa njira yodutsa mpweya.

Nthawi zambiri timamva zachidule cha zamankhwala.

Koma bwanji za ABC (Airway Breathing Circulation)? Zikutanthauza chiyani, ndipo zikugwirizana bwanji ndi tanthauzo la certification la CPR ndi BLS?

Zitengera Zapadera

• Zizindikiro za kumangidwa kwa mtima ndi monga mutu wopepuka, kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kusapeza bwino, kupuma movutikira, komanso kupuma movutikira.
• Opulumutsa ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wochokera pakamwa kupita kukamwa, mpweya wolowera m'chikwama, kapena mpweya wodutsa pakamwa ndi chigoba mpaka njira yopita kumtunda itakhazikika.
• Kupuma kwabwino kwa anthu akuluakulu omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino komanso kuya kwake kumakhala pakati pa 12 mpaka 20 kupuma pamphindi.
• Kupanikizana koyenera pachifuwa kwa akulu ndi 100 mpaka 120 kukakamiza pamphindi.
• Onetsetsani kuti chifuwa chikukwera ndikugwa ndikupuma kulikonse.
• The chithandizo choyambira chifukwa chotchinga chimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa kutsekeka.
• Pakutchinga kwambiri, ikani kukankha pamimba, komwe kumadziwika kuti Heimlich maneuver.

ABC, Kodi Airway Breathing Circulation ndi chiyani?

The ABC ndi chidule cha Airway, Breathing, ndi Compressions.

Zimatanthawuza masitepe a CPR mwadongosolo.

Ndondomeko ya ABC imatsimikizira kuti wozunzidwayo alandira CPR yoyenera mkati mwa nthawi yochepa kwambiri.

The Airway and Breathing idzaperekanso kuwunika koyambirira ngati wozunzidwayo adzafunika CPR kapena ayi.

Kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi American Heart Association akuwonetsa kuti kuyambitsa kupsinjika pachifuwa koyambirira kumakulitsa mwayi wamoyo wa wovulalayo. Oyankha sayenera kupitilira masekondi 10 kuti awone ngati kugunda kwa mtima kukuchitika.

Kulikonse kumene kuli kokayikitsa, oima pafupi ayenera kuyamba CPR.

Kuvulala kochepa kungachitike ngati wozunzidwayo safuna CPR.

Njira zam'mbuyomu za CPR zidalangizidwa kumvetsera ndi kumva kupuma, zomwe zingatenge nthawi yambiri kwa omwe siachipatala.

Ngati wozunzidwayo sakuyankha, akupuma mpweya, kapena alibe kugunda kwa mtima, ndi bwino kuyamba CPR mkati mwa nthawi yochepa kwambiri.

Ndege

A ndi ya Airway Management.

Opulumutsa ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wochokera pakamwa kupita kukamwa, mpweya wolowera m'chikwama, kapena mpweya wodutsa pakamwa ndi chigoba mpaka njira yopita kumtunda itakhazikika.

Kwa akuluakulu, kuponderezana kwa chifuwa chilichonse cha 30 kuyenera kutsatiridwa ndi kupuma kuwiri kopulumutsa (30: 2), pamene kwa makanda, 15 chifuwa cha chifuwa chimasintha ndi mpweya wopulumutsa (15: 2).

Kupumira pakamwa ndi pakamwa kupulumutsa

Chophimba m'thumba kapena m'chikwama chiyenera kukhala patsogolo nthawi zonse polowetsa mpweya m'kamwa ndi m'kamwa chifukwa chimachepetsa chiopsezo chotenga matenda.

Mpweya wochokera pakamwa ndi mkamwa umapereka mpweya wokwana 17% womwe nthawi zambiri umatulutsidwa panthawi yopuma.

Mpweya wa okosijeni umenewu ndi wokwanira kuti wovulalayo akhalebe ndi moyo komanso kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito bwinobwino.

Popereka mpweya wabwino, pewani kuchita izi mofulumira kwambiri kapena kukakamiza mpweya wochuluka mumsewu wa mpweya chifukwa zingayambitse mavuto ambiri ngati mpweya ukupita m'mimba mwa wovulalayo.

Nthawi zambiri, kumangidwa kwa kupuma kumatsogolera kumangidwa kwa mtima.

Choncho, ngati mungathe kuzindikira zizindikiro za kupuma kwa kupuma, mumakhala ndi mwayi wopewa kumangidwa kwa mtima.

Kulikonse kumene wovulalayo ali ndi kugunda koma palibe zizindikiro za kupuma, yambani kupulumutsa kupuma mwamsanga.

Kupuma

B mu ABC ndi kuyesa kupuma.

Kutengera luso la wopulumutsa, izi zitha kuphatikiza njira monga kuyang'anira kupuma kwanthawi zonse pogwiritsa ntchito minofu yolumikizira kupuma, kupuma m'mimba, momwe wodwalayo alili, kutuluka thukuta, kapena cyanosis.

Kupuma kwabwino kwa anthu akuluakulu omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino komanso kuya kwake kumakhala pakati pa 12 mpaka 20 kupuma pamphindi.

ABC, Momwe Mungapangire Kupulumutsa Kupuma?

Malinga ndi bungwe la American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care, pendekerani mutu wa wovulalayo kumbuyo pang’ono ndikutsegula njira ya mpweya.

Kwa akuluakulu, kutsina mphuno ndi kupuma mkamwa pa 10 mpaka 12 mpweya pa mphindi.

Kwa makanda ndi ana ang'onoang'ono, tsekani pakamwa ndi mphuno ndi pakamwa panu ndikupuma mpweya 12 mpaka 20 pamphindi.

Mpweya uliwonse uyenera kukhala kwa mphindi imodzi, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chifuwa chimakwera ndikugwa ndi mpweya uliwonse.

Ngati wozunzidwayo satsitsimuka, yambani CPR mwamsanga.

Kuzungulira kapena Kupsinjika

C ndi ya Cicrulation/Compression.

Pamene wovulalayo akomoka ndipo sakupuma bwino mkati mwa masekondi 10, muyenera kukakamiza Chifuwa kapena CPR nthawi yomweyo kuti mupulumutse moyo pakagwa mwadzidzidzi.

Malinga ndi American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care, kupondaponda koyenera ndi 100 mpaka 120 compression pamphindi.

Mwayi Wopulumuka

Kuyamba koyambirira kwa chithandizo choyambira moyo kumakulitsa mwayi wopulumuka kwa omwe akumangidwa ndi mtima.

Ndikofunika kuzindikira zizindikiro za kumangidwa kwa mtima.

Wozunzidwayo akhoza kukomoka ndi kukomoka.

Komabe, izi zisanachitike, amatha kukhala ndi mutu wopepuka, kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kusapeza bwino, kupuma movutikira, komanso kupuma movutikira.

Kuwongolera mwachangu kwa CPR kumapereka mwayi wabwinoko wopulumuka.

Ndondomeko ya CPR imasiyana malinga ndi zaka.

Kuzama kwa kupsinjika pachifuwa kwa makanda, ana, ndi akulu kumasiyanasiyana.

CPR yapamwamba ndiyofunika kwambiri kuti wozunzidwayo apulumuke.

The Automated Defibrillator (AED)

The automated defibrillator (AED) ndizofunikira pakutsitsimutsa mtima kwa anthu omwe akudwala matenda a mtima.

Ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso kupezeka m'malo ambiri opezeka anthu ambiri.

AED iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ikangopezeka.

Kugwiritsa ntchito AED koyambirira kumakulitsa zotsatira zake.

Makina amazindikira ndikulangiza ngati kugwedezeka kuli kofunikira pazochitikazo.

Chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha kumangidwa kwa mtima ndi ventricular defibrillation.

Mkhalidwewu umasinthidwa popereka kugunda kwamagetsi kumtima wa wovulalayo kudzera pachifuwa.

Ndi gulu la opulumutsira, pamene munthu mmodzi akuchita kukakamiza pachifuwa, winayo ayenera kukonzekera defibrillator.

Kugwiritsa ntchito AED kumafuna maphunziro.

Chomwe chimapangitsa kuti chipangizochi chikhale chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndi chakuti chimangochita zokha.

Njira zodzitetezera mukamagwiritsa ntchito AED:

• Mapadi sayenera kukhudza kapena kukhudzana.
• AED siyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pozungulira madzi.
• Bweretsani wozunzidwayo pamalo owuma ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chifuwa chauma.
• Osagwiritsa ntchito mowa kupukuta wovulalayo chifukwa akhoza kuyaka.
• Pewani kukhudza wozunzidwa pamene AED ikuphatikizidwa.
• Kusuntha kumakhudza kusanthula kwa AED. Choncho, siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa magalimoto.
• Osagwiritsa ntchito AED pamene wozunzidwayo akugona pa conductor monga chitsulo pamwamba.
• Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito AED kwa wozunzidwa ndi chigamba cha nitroglycerine.
• Mukamagwiritsa ntchito AED, pewani kugwiritsa ntchito foni yam'manja pamtunda wa 6 mapazi chifukwa zingakhudze kulondola kwa kusanthula.

Kusankha

Kutsekeka kumachitika chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa mpweya ndipo kungayambitse kumangidwa kwa mtima.

Chithandizo cha kutsekereza chimasiyana malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa kutsekeka.

Zitha kukhala zotchinga kwambiri kapena pang'ono.

Thandizo loyamba la kutsekeka ndilofanana kwa ana opitirira chaka chimodzi ndi akuluakulu.

Pakutsekereza pang’ono, wozunzidwayo angakhale ndi zizindikiro za kutsokomola, kusapuma, kapena kupuma.

Pachifukwa ichi, wopulumutsayo ayenera kulimbikitsa wozunzidwayo kutsokomola ndi kuwakhazika mtima pansi.

Ngati chotchingacho chikupitilira, itanani chithandizo chadzidzidzi.

Kwa kutsekeka kwakukulu, wozunzidwayo ali ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi: kugwedeza khosi, kupuma pang’ono kapena kusapuma, kutsokomola pang’ono kapena kusalephera, ndipo kulephera kulankhula kapena kutulutsa mawu.

Nthaŵi zina, wozunzidwayo angamvekere mokweza.

Zizindikiro zina ndi monga bluish pamilomo ndi nsonga zala (cyanotic).

Pazifukwa zotsekeka kwambiri, gwiritsani ntchito zolasa pamimba, zomwe zimatchedwa Heimlich maneuver (kwa ana achaka chimodzi kapena akulu ndi akulu).

Momwe Mungapangire Heimlich Maneuver?

1. Imani kumbuyo kwa wovulalayo, ndi kuwakulunga manja pansi pa nthiti zawo.
2. Popanda kukanikiza fupa la m'munsi, ikani mbali ya nkhonya yanu pakati pa mimba ya wovulalayo pamwamba pa mchombo.
3. Gwirani chibakera ndi dzanja lanu lina ndikuchikankhira pamimba ndi mmwamba molunjika pachifuwa.
4. Pitirizani kuchita zolimbitsa thupi mpaka wovulalayo atatsitsimuka kapena atsitsimuke. Ngati muwona chinthu chomwe chikulepheretsani, gwiritsani ntchito zala zanu kuti muchotse.
5. Ngati simungathe kuchotsa chinthucho kapena wozunzidwayo sakuyankha, yambani CPR ndikupitiriza mpaka thandizo lapadera lifike.
6. Makanda osakwana chaka sayesa kuthamangitsa chala chakhungu.
7. Itanani thandizo lapadera (Nambala Yadzidzidzi).
8. Gwiritsani ntchito kumenya kumbuyo kapena kukankha pachifuwa kuti muchotse chopingacho.
9. Ngati khanda lakomoka, yambitsani njira yothandizira moyo.

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